{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T05:18:29Z","timestamp":1787894309337,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":72,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787875200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>Candidozyma auris<\/jats:italic>\n                      is an emerging healthcare-associated fungal pathogen with a high propensity for nosocomial transmission and development of antifungal resistance. This study aimed to identify resistance-associated genomic variants and characterize the phylogenetic structure of clinical\n                      <jats:italic>C. auris<\/jats:italic>\n                      isolates circulating in Russia.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We analyzed 82 isolates collected between 2017 and 2023 from 18 hospitals in the Northwestern and Central Federal Districts of the Russian Federation. Antifungal susceptibility testing was combined with whole-genome sequencing, targeted\n                      <jats:italic>FCY2<\/jats:italic>\n                      sequencing, and comparative phylogenomic analysis using publicly available international genomes.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      All isolates analyzed in this study belonged to clade I and showed a highly conserved profile of elevated azole MICs. The consistent detection of\n                      <jats:italic>ERG11<\/jats:italic>\n                      (K143R),\n                      <jats:italic>TAC1B<\/jats:italic>\n                      (A640V), and\n                      <jats:italic>CDR1<\/jats:italic>\n                      (V704L) suggests that reduced azole susceptibility in this population is associated with both target-gene alteration and efflux-mediated mechanisms. All isolates remained susceptible to echinocandins in vitro, and no resistance-conferring mutations were detected in\n                      <jats:italic>FKS1<\/jats:italic>\n                      , consistent with the absence of an echinocandin-resistant phenotype. Decreased susceptibility to flucytosine was mainly associated with the\n                      <jats:italic>FCY2<\/jats:italic>\n                      (L383*) nonsense mutation, which was confirmed by targeted Sanger sequencing in additional isolates. Phylogenomic reconstruction showed that the Russian isolates represented a restricted segment of global clade I diversity and revealed two major geographically structured lineages corresponding to two large metropolitan areas in European Russia.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The distribution of closely related isolates across hospitals supports local persistence and inter-hospital dissemination of genetically related strains. These findings provide important insights into the molecular epidemiology, antifungal resistance mechanisms, and transmission dynamics of\n                      <jats:italic>C. auris<\/jats:italic>\n                      in Russia.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2026.1929119","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T04:30:58Z","timestamp":1787891458000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Resistance gene mutations and phylogenetic relationships in Candidozyma auris isolates from Russia"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Ellina Grigorievna","family":"Oganesyan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. 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