{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,22]],"date-time":"2026-06-22T13:49:57Z","timestamp":1782136197724,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,22]],"date-time":"2026-06-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782086400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cognit."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Balance remains a critical element in the evaluation and management of sports injury, with recent recommendations to integrate dual-task cognitive exercises into balancing to further challenge the body's vestibular and somatosensory systems. Dual-task balancing has yet to be examined in a sample of para-athletes. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a dual-task cognitive exercise on unsupported, seated balance in a sample of healthy, collegiate para-athletes. A secondary objective was to investigate the role of sex, concussion history, and functional classification.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 52 participants completed a seated balance battery, with their eyes open and closed, on a stable and unstable surface, under both single and dual-task conditions. Measures consisted of human-scored biomechanical errors of coming out of the seated positions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Between 90 and 94% of participants committed 0 errors during stable and unstable single-task, along with stable dual-task, while only 86.5% had 0 errors for unstable, dual-task balancing. No sex differences were observed during single and dual-task balancing. Concussion history and functional classification did not affect performance.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The lack of differences between single and dual-task indicates that dual-task cognitive exercises or human-scored errors may not appropriately affect and assess upright seated balance and may require more dynamic tasks to further challenge balance and postural stability.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fcogn.2026.1826820","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,22]],"date-time":"2026-06-22T13:09:50Z","timestamp":1782133790000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Incorporation of a dual-task cognitive exercise during unsupported seated balance in collegiate para athletes"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Ryan N.","family":"Moran","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Athletic Training Research Laboratory, Department of Health Science, The University of Alabama","place":["Tuscaloosa, AL, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandra C.","family":"Curry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Athletic Training Research Laboratory, Department of Health Science, The University of Alabama","place":["Tuscaloosa, AL, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2018-100164","article-title":"Concussed athletes walk slower than non-concussed athletes during cognitive-motor dual-task assessments but not during single-task assessments 2 months after sports concussion: a systematic review and meta-analysis using individual participant data","volume":"54","author":"Buttner","year":"2020","journal-title":"Br. 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