{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T04:11:52Z","timestamp":1787026312125,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,11]],"date-time":"2021-06-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1623369600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cardiovasc. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Introduction:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Brugada syndrome (BrS) is a cardiac ion channelopathy with a higher prevalence in Asia compared to the Western populations. The present study compared the differences in clinical and electrocardiographic (ECG) presentation between paediatric\/young (\u226425 years old) and adult (&amp;gt;25 years) BrS patients.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Method:<\/jats:bold>\n                    This was a territory-wide retrospective cohort study of consecutive BrS patients presenting to public hospitals in Hong Kong. The primary outcome was spontaneous ventricular tachycardia\/ventricular fibrillation (VT\/VF).\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold>\n                    The cohort consists of 550 consecutive patients (median age of initial presentation = 51 \u00b1 23 years; female = 7.3%; follow-up period = 83 \u00b1 80 months), divided into adult (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 505, mean age of initial presentation = 52 \u00b1 19 years; female = 6.7%; mean follow-up period = 83 \u00b1 80 months) and paediatric\/young subgroups (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 45, mean age of initial presentation = 21 \u00b1 5 years, female = 13.3%, mean follow-up period = 73 \u00b1 83 months). The mean annual VT\/VF incidence rate were 17 and 25 cases per 1,000 patient-year, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that initial presentation of type 1 pattern (HR = 1.80, 95% CI = [1.02, 3.15],\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 0.041), initial asymptomatic presentation (HR = 0.26, 95% CI = [0.07, 0.94],\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 0.040) and increased P-wave axis (HR = 0.98, 95% CI = [0.96, 1.00],\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 0.036) were significant predictors of VT\/VF for the adult subgroup. Only initial presentation of VT\/VF was predictive (HR = 29.30, 95% CI = [1.75, 492.00],\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 0.019) in the paediatric\/young subgroup.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Conclusion:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Clinical and ECG presentation of BrS vary between the paediatric\/young and adult population in BrS. Risk stratification and management strategies for younger patients should take into consideration and adopt an individualised approach.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2021.671666","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,11]],"date-time":"2021-06-11T00:54:20Z","timestamp":1623372860000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["RETRACTED: Ventricular Tachyarrhythmia Risk in Paediatric\/Young vs. Adult Brugada Syndrome Patients: A Territory-Wide Study"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Sharen","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wing Tak","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ian Chi 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