{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,18]],"date-time":"2026-05-18T22:52:40Z","timestamp":1779144760295,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,28]],"date-time":"2021-07-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1627430400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cardiovasc. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Background:<\/jats:bold>Treadmill exercise testing (TET) is commonly used to measure exercise capacity. Studies have shown that cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) is more accurate than TET and is, therefore, regarded as the \u201cgold standard\u201d for testing maximum exercise capacity and prescribing exercise plans. To date, no studies have reported the differences in exercise capacity after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) using the two methods or how to more accurately measure exercise capacity based on the results of TET.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Aims:<\/jats:bold>This study aims to measure maximum exercise capacity in post-PCI patients and to recommend exercise intensities that ensure safe levels of exercise.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods:<\/jats:bold>We enrolled 41 post-PCI patients who were admitted to the Cardiac Rehabilitation Clinic at the First Medical Center, the Chinese PLA General Hospital, from July 2015 to June 2016. They completed CPET and TET. The paired sample<jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>-test was used to compare differences in measured exercise capacity, and multiple linear regression was applied to analyze the factors that affected the difference.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold>The mean maximum exercise capacity measured by TET was 8.89 \u00b1 1.53 metabolic equivalents (METs), and that measured by CPET was 5.19 \u00b1 1.23 METs. The difference between them was statistically significant (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>= 0.000) according to the paired sample<jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>-test. The difference averaged 40.15% \u00b1 2.61% of the exercise capacity measured by TET multiple linear regression analysis showed that the difference negatively correlated with waist-hip ratio (WHR).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion:<\/jats:bold>For the purpose of formulating more accurate exercise prescription, the results of TET should be appropriately adjusted when applied to exercise capacity assessment.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Clinical Trial Registration:<\/jats:bold><jats:ext-link>http:\/\/www.chictr.org.cn\/<\/jats:ext-link>number, ChiCTR2000031543.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2021.682253","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,28]],"date-time":"2021-07-28T04:53:32Z","timestamp":1627448012000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Differential Evaluating Effect on Exercise Capacity of Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing and Treadmill Exercise Testing in Post-percutaneous Coronary Intervention Patients"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Yifan","family":"Gao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bin","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rong","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"YingYue","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yajun","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yong","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"682","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2004.01.009","article-title":"Exercise-based rehabilitation for patients with coronary heart disease: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"116","author":"Taylor","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Med."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"793","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa011858","article-title":"Exercise capacity and mortality among men referred for exercise testing","volume":"346","author":"Myers","year":"2002","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.2217\/fca-2018-0085","article-title":"systematic review of recent cardiac rehabilitation meta-analyses in patients with coronary heart disease or heart failure","volume":"15","author":"Oldridge","year":"2019","journal-title":"Future Cardiol."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1041","DOI":"10.1067\/mhj.2001.118740","article-title":"Validation of a specific activity questionnaire to estimate exercise tolerance in patients referred for exercise testing","volume":"142","author":"Myers","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am Heart J."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.3760\/cma.j.issn.0253-3758.2013.04.003","article-title":"[Chinese experts consensus on cardiac rehabilitation\/secondary prevention for coronary artery disease]","volume":"41","year":"2013","journal-title":"Chin J Cardiol."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2024","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2009.681","article-title":"Cardiorespiratory fitness as a quantitative predictor of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular events in healthy men and women: a meta-analysis","volume":"301","author":"Kodama","year":"2009","journal-title":"JAMA."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1715","DOI":"10.1177\/2047487316657669","article-title":"Benson AC. A review of guidelines for cardiac rehabilitation exercise programmes: is there an international consensus?","volume":"23","author":"Price","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur J Prev Cardiol."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35A","DOI":"10.1016\/s0002-9149(88)80083-3","article-title":"Cardiopulmonary exercise testing in congestive heart failure","volume":"62","author":"McElroy","year":"1988","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.3969\/j.issn.1008-0740.2009.03.041","article-title":"Significance of exercise treadmill testing for instructing exercise training in cardiac rehabilitation","volume":"18","author":"Na","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Pract Electrocardiol."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2019.01.001","article-title":"Trends in cardiorespiratory fitness: the evolution of exercise treadmill testing at a single Academic Medical Center from 1970 to 2012","volume":"210","author":"Kelly","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1016\/s0735-1097(10)80180-9","article-title":"Prediction of the frequency and duration of ambulatory myocardial ischemia in patients with stable coronary artery disease by determination of the ischemic threshold from exercise testing: importance of the exercise protocol","volume":"17","author":"Panza","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1334","DOI":"10.1016\/s0735-1097(10)80144-5","article-title":"Comparison of the ramp versus standard exercise protocols","volume":"17","author":"Myers","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(92)91265-6","article-title":"Greater diagnostic sensitivity of treadmill versus cycle exercise testing of asymptomatic men with coronary artery disease","volume":"70","author":"Hambrecht","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol."},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.70252\/IMTV9350","article-title":"Does standing on a cycle-ergometer, towards the conclusion of a graded exercise test, yield cardiorespiratory values equivalent to treadmill testing?","volume":"3","author":"Mitchell","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Exerc Sci."},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3144","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.192520","article-title":"Recommendations for clinical exercise laboratories: a scientific statement from the american heart association","volume":"119","author":"Myers","year":"2009","journal-title":"Circulation."},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2011.07.017","article-title":"Efficacy of exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation post-myocardial infarction: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"162","author":"Lawler","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am Heart J."},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"729","DOI":"10.2217\/fca.12.34","article-title":"Exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation in patients with coronary heart disease: meta-analysis outcomes revisited","volume":"8","author":"Oldridge","year":"2012","journal-title":"Future Cardiol."},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1007\/s12265-020-10055-y","article-title":"Cardiac rehabilitation with targeted intensity improves cardiopulmonary functions accompanying with reduced copeptin level in patients with coronary artery disease","volume":"4","author":"Cao","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Transl Res."},{"key":"B19","first-page":"166","year":"2014","journal-title":"ACSM's Guidelines for Exercise Testing and Prescription,"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1921","DOI":"10.1177\/2047487319859450","article-title":"Exercise training intensity determination in cardiovascular rehabilitation: should the guidelines be reconsidered?","volume":"26","author":"Hansen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur J Prev Cardiol."},{"key":"B21","first-page":"236S","article-title":"Individualized ramp treadmill. Observations on a new protocol","volume":"101","author":"Myers","year":"1992","journal-title":"Chest."},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1177\/2047487319852711","article-title":"Does exercise prescription based on estimated heart rate training zones exceed the ventilatory anaerobic threshold in patients with coronary heart disease undergoing usual-care cardiovascular rehabilitation?","volume":"27","author":"Pymer","year":"2020","journal-title":"A United Kingdom perspective Eur J Prev Cardiol."},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1016\/0735-1097(88)90405-6","article-title":"Hemodynamic, ventilatory and metabolic effects of light isometric exercise in patients with chronic heart failure","volume":"12","author":"Reddy","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol."},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1097\/00008483-200611000-00009","article-title":"The effect of handrail support on oxygen uptake during steady-state treadmill exercise","volume":"26","author":"Berling","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Cardiopulm Rehabil."},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1097\/HCR.0b013e318211e3ed","article-title":"Overestimation of aerobic capacity with the bruce treadmill protocol in patients being assessed for suspected myocardial ischemia","volume":"31","author":"Pinkstaff","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Cardiopulm Rehabil Prev."},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2706","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.606624","article-title":"Aerobic capacity in patients entering cardiac rehabilitation","volume":"113","author":"Ades","year":"2006","journal-title":"Circulation."},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1016\/s1388-9842(01)00146-5","article-title":"Effect of metoprolol CR\/XL on exercise tolerance in chronic heart failure - a substudy to the MERIT-HF trial","volume":"3","author":"Gullestad","year":"2001","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail."},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1097\/00005344-200109000-00004","article-title":"randomized, double-blind comparison of the efficacy and tolerability of once-daily modified-release diltiazem capsules with once-daily amlodipine tablets in patients with stable angina","volume":"38","author":"Chugh","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Pharmacol."},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(89)90496-7","article-title":"A brief self-administered questionnaire to determine functional capacity (the Duke Activity Status Index)","volume":"64","author":"Hlatky","year":"1989","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fcvm.2021.682253\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,5]],"date-time":"2024-09-05T05:58:22Z","timestamp":1725515902000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fcvm.2021.682253\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,28]]},"references-count":29,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fcvm.2021.682253"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fcvm.2021.682253","relation":{},"ISSN":["2297-055X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2297-055X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,28]]},"article-number":"682253"}}