{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T15:55:24Z","timestamp":1753890924151,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,22]],"date-time":"2021-11-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1637539200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cardiovasc. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Aim:<\/jats:bold> The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of healed plaque and its characteristics under optical coherence tomography (OCT) through a formal systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods and Results:<\/jats:bold> Thirteen studies were selected from MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane, and online databases. The overall incidence of healed plaques was 40% (95% CI: 39\u201342), with 37% (95% CI: 35\u201339) in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and with 46% (95% CI: 43\u201349) in patients with stable angina pectoris (SAP). The incidence of healed plaque among culprit plaques (48%, 95% CI: 46\u201350) was nearly two times higher than that among non-culprit plaques (24%, 95% CI: 21\u201327). The incidence of thin cap fibroatheroma (TCFA), plaque rupture, microvessel, macrophage accumulation, and calcification was significantly higher in the healed plaque group. Meta-regression revealed an association between smoking (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.033) and healed plaque rupture. Gender (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.047) was independently associated with macrophage accumulation, and mean low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) was independently associated with microvessel.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusions:<\/jats:bold> In summary, with a total incidence of 40%, the incidence of healed plaques under OCT was higher in SAP than in ACS, and higher in culprit plaques than in non-culprit plaques. Higher incidence of TCFA, plaque rupture, microvessel, macrophage accumulation, and calcification was found in the healed-plaque group. Smoking, gender, and mean LDL-C level were associated with healed-plaque characteristics.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2021.761208","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,22]],"date-time":"2021-11-22T04:53:45Z","timestamp":1637556825000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Prevalence of Healed Plaque and Factors Influencing Its Characteristics Under Optical Coherence Tomography in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease: A Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis, and Meta-Regression"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Xunxun","family":"Feng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiaqi","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guangyao","family":"Zhai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yujie","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qianyun","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1262","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.20.5.1262","article-title":"Lessons from sudden coronary death: a comprehensive morphological classification scheme for atherosclerotic lesions","volume":"20","author":"Virmani","year":"2000","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1038\/nrcardio.2014.62","article-title":"Clinical classification of plaque morphology in coronary disease","volume":"11","author":"Otsuka","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cardiol."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.82.3.265","article-title":"Mechanisms of progression in native coronary artery disease: role of healed plaque disruption","volume":"82","author":"Mann","year":"1999","journal-title":"Heart."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"934","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.103.7.934","article-title":"Healed plaque ruptures and sudden coronary death: evidence that subclinical rupture has a role in plaque progression","volume":"103","author":"Burke","year":"2001","journal-title":"Circulation."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1916","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(01)01673-4","article-title":"The healing process of infarct-related plaques. 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