{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,26]],"date-time":"2026-10-26T20:44:02Z","timestamp":1793047442097,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":114,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,3]],"date-time":"2022-02-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1643846400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81771768"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81771768"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82001741"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82001741"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cardiovasc. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease characterized by erosive arthritis, which can involve multiple systems. Patients with RA may have a variety of comorbidities, including cardiovascular disease (CVD), lung cancer, lymphoma, infection, osteoporosis, fatigue, depression, colon cancer, breast cancer, prostate cancer, and Alzheimer's disease. Among these comorbidities, the incidence of CVD, lung cancer, lymphoma, infection, and osteoporosis is higher. CVD is a serious complication of RA. The risk of CVD and associated mortality rate in patients with RA is high, and the treatment rate is low. In addition to traditional risk factors, such as age, sex, blood pressure, and diabetes, RA is also associated with inflammation. Furthermore, therapeutic drugs for RA, including non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, glucocorticoids, and disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs, have beneficial or harmful effects on cardiovascular events in patients with RA. This article discusses the effects of therapeutic drugs for RA on cardiovascular events.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2021.812631","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,3]],"date-time":"2022-02-03T06:13:59Z","timestamp":1643868839000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["Effect of Anti-Rheumatic Drugs on Cardiovascular Disease Events in Rheumatoid Arthritis"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Yang","family":"Baoqi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ma","family":"Dan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhao","family":"Xingxing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhu","family":"Xueqing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wang","family":"Yajing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xu","family":"Ke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhang","family":"Liyun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"880","DOI":"10.3390\/cells9040880","article-title":"Update on the pathomechanism, diagnosis, and treatment options for rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"9","author":"Lin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cells."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1524","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2011-200726","article-title":"Risk of incident cardiovascular events in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a meta-analysis of observational studies","volume":"71","author":"Avina-Zubieta","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1690","DOI":"10.1002\/art.24092","article-title":"Risk of cardiovascular mortality in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a meta-analysis of observational studies","volume":"59","author":"Avi\u00f1a-Zubieta","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1038\/s41584-021-00593-3","article-title":"Cardiovascular effects of approved drugs for rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"17","author":"Atzeni","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Rev Rheumatol."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2008.06.014","article-title":"Role of inflammation in atherosclerosis associated with rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"121","author":"Libby","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Med."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102390","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2019.102390","article-title":"JAK inhibitors for the treatment of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases","volume":"18","author":"Jamilloux","year":"2019","journal-title":"Autoimmun Rev."},{"key":"B7","first-page":"256","article-title":"doi: 10.13200\/j.cjb.2011.04.105.qubz.022 \u975e\u753e\u4f53\u6297\u708e\u836f\u53ca\u5176\u5fc3\u8840\u7ba1\u98ce\u9669[J]","author":"\u65ed\u857e","year":"2007","journal-title":"\u4e34\u5e8a\u9ebb\u9189\u5b66\u6742\u5fd7"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2014-206624","article-title":"The effects of tumour necrosis factor inhibitors, methotrexate, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and corticosteroids on cardiovascular events in rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"74","author":"Roubille","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"536962","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/536962","article-title":"NSAIDs and cardiovascular diseases: role of reactive oxygen species","volume":"2015","author":"Ghosh","year":"2015","journal-title":"Oxid Med Cell Longev."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2710.2012.01373.x","article-title":"Influence of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on antiplatelet effect of aspirin","volume":"38","author":"Yokoyama","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Clin Pharm Ther."},{"key":"B11","first-page":"1589","article-title":"Ibuprofen may abrogate the benefits of aspirin when used for secondary prevention of myocardial infarction","volume":"32","author":"Hudson","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Rheumatol."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2021","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(04)17514-4","article-title":"Risk of cardiovascular events and rofecoxib: cumulative meta-analysis","volume":"364","author":"J\u00fcni","year":"2004","journal-title":"Lancet."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1302","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.332.7553.1302","article-title":"Do selective cyclo-oxygenase-2 inhibitors and traditional non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs increase the risk of atherothrombosis? Meta-analysis of randomised trials","volume":"332","author":"Kearney","year":"2006","journal-title":"BMJ."},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1520","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200011233432103","article-title":"Comparison of upper gastrointestinal toxicity of rofecoxib and naproxen in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. VIGOR Study Group","volume":"343","author":"Bombardier","year":"2000","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"c7086","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.c7086","article-title":"Cardiovascular safety of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: network meta-analysis","volume":"342","author":"Trelle","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMJ."},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1744","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.01744","article-title":"Glucocorticoids-all-rounders tackling the versatile players of the immune system","volume":"10","author":"Strehl","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Immunol."},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1186\/1710-1492-9-30","article-title":"A practical guide to the monitoring and management of the complications of systemic corticosteroid therapy","volume":"9","author":"Liu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Allergy Asthma Clin Immunol."},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keaa209","article-title":"Glucocorticoid use is associated with an increased risk of hypertension","volume":"60","author":"Costello","year":"2021","journal-title":"Rheumatology."},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"598","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2020.04.005","article-title":"Incident diabetes associated with hydroxychloroquine, methotrexate, biologics and glucocorticoids in rheumatoid arthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"50","author":"Xie","year":"2020","journal-title":"Semin Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"576","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2010.129916","article-title":"Tumour necrosis factor antagonist use and associated risk reduction of cardiovascular events among patients with rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"70","author":"Greenberg","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"820","DOI":"10.1002\/art.22418","article-title":"Glucocorticoids and cardiovascular events in rheumatoid arthritis: a population-based cohort study","volume":"56","author":"Davis","year":"2007","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kes353","article-title":"Immediate and past cumulative effects of oral glucocorticoids on the risk of acute myocardial infarction in rheumatoid arthritis: a population-based study","volume":"52","author":"Avi\u00f1a-Zubieta","year":"2013","journal-title":"Rheumatology."},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.2174\/157016108784911975","article-title":"Impact of traditional therapies and biologics on cardiovascular diseases in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"6","author":"Boyer","year":"2008","journal-title":"Curr Vasc Pharmacol."},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1007\/s11926-018-0790-9","article-title":"Cardiovascular and metabolic comorbidities in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"20","author":"Romano","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr Rheumatol Rep."},{"key":"B25","first-page":"168","article-title":"Understanding the mechanisms of action of methotrexate: implications for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"65","author":"Tian","year":"2007","journal-title":"Bull NYU Hosp Jt Dis."},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kep366","article-title":"The effect of methotrexate on cardiovascular disease in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a systematic literature review","volume":"49","author":"Westlake","year":"2010","journal-title":"Rheumatology."},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1002\/art.22094","article-title":"Antirheumatic drug use and the risk of acute myocardial infarction","volume":"55","author":"Suissa","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1616","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)02222-4","article-title":"Methotrexate effects in patients with rheumatoid arthritis with cardiovascular comorbidity","volume":"355","author":"Landew\u00e9","year":"2000","journal-title":"Lancet."},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.180427","article-title":"Associations between methotrexate use and the risk of cardiovascular events in patients with elderly-onset rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"46","author":"Widdifield","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Rheumatol."},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2004.06.017","article-title":"Methotrexate reduces incidence of vascular diseases in veterans with psoriasis or rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"52","author":"Prodanovich","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol."},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1100","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2008.093690","article-title":"Long-term safety of methotrexate monotherapy in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a systematic literature research","volume":"68","author":"Salliot","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis."},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"759610","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/759610","article-title":"Methotrexate, cyclosporine A, and biologics protect against atherosclerosis in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"2015","author":"Kisiel","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Immunol Res."},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.090417","article-title":"Clinical improvement in rheumatoid arthritis is associated with healthier microvascular function in patients who respond to antirheumatic therapy","volume":"37","author":"Galarraga","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Rheumatol."},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1186\/s42358-019-0060-1","article-title":"Methotrexate use, not interleukin 33, is associated with lower carotid intima-media thickness in patients with rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"59","author":"Pinto","year":"2019","journal-title":"Adv Rheumatol."},{"key":"B35","first-page":"110","article-title":"\u67f3\u6c2e\u78fa\u80fa\u5421\u5576\u7684\u836f\u7406\u4e0e\u4e34\u5e8a\u5e94\u7528[J]","volume-title":"\u9752\u5c9b\u533b\u836f\u536b\u751f","author":"\u8d75\u5c0f\u987a","year":"2004"},{"key":"B36","first-page":"13","article-title":"\u7c7b\u98ce\u6e7f\u5173\u8282\u708e\u8bca\u65ad\u4e0e\u6cbb\u7597\u8fdb\u5c55[J]","volume-title":"\u533b\u5e08\u8fdb\u4fee\u6742\u5fd7","author":"\u5927\u4f1f","year":"2004"},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjcvp\/pvv021","article-title":"Exploring the potential of low-dose sulfasalazine in stable coronary artery disease patients: randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study","volume":"1","author":"Vohra","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Pharmacother."},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1111\/1756-185X.12986","article-title":"Sulfasalazine might reduce risk of cardiovascular diseases in patients with ankylosing spondylitis: a nationwide population-based retrospective cohort study","volume":"20","author":"Tam","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Rheum Dis."},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-014-2769-x","article-title":"Sulfasalazine and its metabolites inhibit platelet function in patients with inflammatory arthritis","volume":"35","author":"MacMullan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Rheumatol."},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"600","DOI":"10.1038\/348600a0","article-title":"Intracellular transport of class II MHC molecules directed by invariant chain","volume":"348","author":"Lotteau","year":"1990","journal-title":"Nature."},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2016.08.017","article-title":"Autophagy beyond intracellular MHC Class II antigen presentation","volume":"37","author":"M\u00fcnz","year":"2016","journal-title":"Trends Immunol."},{"key":"B42","first-page":"55","article-title":"Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine equally affect tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin 6, and interferon-gamma production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells","volume":"24","author":"van den Borne","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Rheumatol."},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e002867","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.115.002867","article-title":"Hydroxychloroquine use is associated with decreased incident cardiovascular events in rheumatoid arthritis patients","volume":"5","author":"Sharma","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc."},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1177\/1074248414546324","article-title":"Hydroxychloroquine's efficacy as an antiplatelet agent study in healthy volunteers: a proof of concept study","volume":"20","author":"Achuthan","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Pharmacol Ther."},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1136","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.090994","article-title":"Hydroxychloroquine and glycemia in women with rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"37","author":"Penn","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Rheumatol."},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1619","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.22341","article-title":"Associations of hydroxychloroquine use with lipid profiles in rheumatoid arthritis: pharmacologic implications","volume":"66","author":"Kerr","year":"2014","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res."},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1177\/2042018814547204","article-title":"A favorable effect of hydroxychloroquine on glucose and lipid metabolism beyond its anti-inflammatory role","volume":"5","author":"Hage","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ther Adv Endocrinol Metab."},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"919","DOI":"10.1007\/s40264-018-0689-4","article-title":"Cardiac complications attributed to chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine: a systematic review of the literature","volume":"41","author":"Chatre","year":"2018","journal-title":"Drug Saf."},{"key":"B49","first-page":"334","article-title":"\u6765\u6c1f\u7c73\u7279\u6cbb\u7597\u7c7b\u98ce\u6e7f\u5173\u8282\u708e\u836f\u7269\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u8fdb\u5c55[J]","volume":"22","author":"\u660e\u6167","year":"2018","journal-title":"\u4e2d\u534e\u98ce\u6e7f\u75c5\u5b66\u6742\u5fd7"},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.2165\/00063030-199912040-00007","article-title":"How does leflunomide modulate the immune response in rheumatoid arthritis?","volume":"12","author":"Fox","year":"1999","journal-title":"BioDrugs."},{"key":"B51","first-page":"3079","article-title":"A novel mechanism of action of the immunomodulatory drug, leflunomide: augmentation of the immunosuppressive cytokine, TGF-beta 1, and suppression of the immunostimulatory cytokine, IL-2","volume":"28","author":"Cao","year":"1996","journal-title":"Transplant Proc."},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1042\/CS20180160","article-title":"A77 1726 (leflunomide) blocks and reverses cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis in mice","volume":"132","author":"Ma","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Sci"},{"key":"B53","first-page":"3367","article-title":"\u6765\u6c1f\u7c73\u7279\u81f4\u8840\u538b\u5347\u9ad8\u7684\u4e34\u5e8a\u89c2\u5bdf[J]","author":"\u4e1c\u660e","year":"2010","journal-title":"\u4e2d\u56fd\u57fa\u5c42\u533b\u836f"},{"key":"B54","author":"\u6e05","year":"2013","journal-title":"\u96f7\u5e15\u9709\u7d20\u53ca\u73af\u5b62\u7d20\u5bf9\u4eba\u7c7b\u8c03\u8282\u6027"},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.13423\/j.cnki.cjcmi.006042","article-title":"CsA \u901a\u8fc7\u6291\u5236\u514d\u75ab\u7a81\u89e6\u7684\u5f62\u6210\u4fc3\u8fdb\u7c7b\u98ce\u6e7f\u5173\u8282\u708e\u5de8\u566c\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u51cb\u4ea1[J]","volume":"27","author":"\u96ea","year":"2011","journal-title":"\u7ec6\u80de\u4e0e\u5206\u5b50\u514d\u75ab\u5b66\u6742\u5fd7"},{"key":"B56","article-title":"\u73af\u5b62\u7d20\u5bf9\u6b63\u5e38\u4eba\u548c\u7c7b\u98ce\u6e7f\u6027\u5173\u8282\u708e\u75c5\u4eba\u8bb0\u5fc6\u6027 Th17\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u6291\u5236\u4f5c\u7528\u53ca\u5176\u673a\u5236[D]","volume-title":"\u4e2d\u5c71\u5927\u5b66. \u5e7f\u5dde\u5e02\u4e2d\u5c71\u5927\u5b66","author":"\u5f69","year":"2008"},{"key":"B57","first-page":"650","article-title":"\u4eb2\u73af\u7d20A \u5728\u5fc3\u8840\u7ba1\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u4f5c\u7528A[J]","author":"\u82bd","year":"2006","journal-title":"\u5357\u534e\u5927\u5b66\u5b66\u62a5(\u533b\u5b66\u7248)"},{"key":"B58","first-page":"838","article-title":"\u514d\u75ab\u6291\u5236\u5242\u5bf9\u79fb\u690d\u672f\u540e\u5fc3\u8840\u7ba1\u75be\u75c5\u5371\u9669\u56e0\u7d20\u8bf1\u53d1\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u6982\u51b5[J]","volume-title":"\u5b9e\u7528\u533b\u836f\u6742\u5fd7","author":"\u771f","year":"2005"},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"CD007893","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD007893.pub2","article-title":"Effect of cyclosporine on blood pressure","author":"Robert","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev."},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"957","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.23.6.957","article-title":"Cyclosporine produces endothelial dysfunction by increased production of superoxide","volume":"23","author":"Diederich","year":"1994","journal-title":"Hypertension."},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"720","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.0000052948.64125.AB","article-title":"Circulating endothelial cells are a novel marker of cyclosporine-induced endothelial damage","volume":"41","author":"Woywodt","year":"2003","journal-title":"Hypertension."},{"key":"B62","first-page":"134","article-title":"\u786b\u5511\u560c\u5464\u4e0d\u826f\u53cd\u5e94\u6587\u732e\u5206\u6790[J]","volume":"29","author":"\u971e","year":"2020","journal-title":"\u4e2d\u56fd\u836f\u4e1a"},{"key":"B63","first-page":"409","article-title":"\u786b\u5511\u560c\u5464\u9884\u5904\u7406\u5bf9\u5927\u9f20\u5fc3\u808c\u7f3a\u8840\u518d\u704c\u6ce8\u635f\u4f24\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u53ca\u673a\u5236\u7684\u7814\u7a76[J]","volume":"35","year":"2019","journal-title":"\u4e2d\u56fd\u514d\u75ab\u5b66\u6742\u5fd7"},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1042\/CS20080196","article-title":"Role of TNF-alpha in vascular dysfunction","volume":"116","author":"Zhang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Sci."},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1284","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2006.066605","article-title":"Endothelial progenitor cells in active rheumatoid arthritis: effects of tumour necrosis factor and glucocorticoid therapy","volume":"66","author":"Grisar","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis."},{"key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"H1817","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00472.2008","article-title":"Human neutrophil peptides: a novel potential mediator of inflammatory cardiovascular diseases","volume":"295","author":"Quinn","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol."},{"key":"B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1930","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.86.5.7463","article-title":"Hypoadiponectinemia in obesity and type 2 diabetes: close association with insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia","volume":"86","author":"Weyer","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab."},{"key":"B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-010-1388-4","article-title":"Augmentation index in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis treated with infliximab","volume":"29","author":"Pieringer","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin Rheumatol."},{"key":"B69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R197","DOI":"10.1186\/ar3169","article-title":"Infliximab therapy increases body fat mass in early rheumatoid arthritis independently of changes in disease activity and levels of leptin and adiponectin: a randomised study over 21 months","volume":"12","author":"Engvall","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther."},{"key":"B70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.3109\/s10165-007-0605-8","article-title":"Anti-tumor necrosis factor therapy increases serum adiponectin levels with the improvement of endothelial dysfunction in patients with rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"17","author":"Komai","year":"2007","journal-title":"Mod Rheumatol."},{"key":"B71","volume-title":"\u4e2d\u534e\u98ce\u6e7f\u75c5\u5b66\u6742\u5fd7","year":"2011"},{"key":"B72","first-page":"804","article-title":"\u4f9d\u90a3\u897f\u666e\u5728\u91ce\u767e\u5408\u78b1\u8bf1\u5bfc\u7684\u5927\u9f20\u80ba\u52a8\u8109\u9ad8\u538b\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u521d\u6b65\u63a2\u8ba8[J]","volume-title":"\u4e2d\u534e\u98ce\u6e7f\u75c5\u5b66\u6742\u5fd7","year":"2009"},{"key":"B73","first-page":"1504","article-title":"TNF-\u03b1 \u6291\u5236\u5242\u901a\u8fc7\u6fc0\u6d3bNotch1\u4fe1\u53f7\u901a\u8def\u6cbb\u7597\u521b\u4f24\u540e\u5fc3\u808c\u518d\u704c\u6ce8\u635f\u4f24\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7814\u7a76[J]","volume":"8","year":"2016","journal-title":"\u4e2d\u56fd\u5faa\u8bc1\u5fc3\u8840\u7ba1\u533b\u5b66\u6742\u5fd7"},{"key":"B74","first-page":"472","article-title":"\u76ca\u8d5b\u666e\u6cbb\u7597\u7c7b\u98ce\u6e7f\u5173\u8282\u708e\u4f34\u51a0\u5fc3\u75c5\u7684\u4e34\u5e8a\u7597\u6548[J]","volume":"24","year":"2011","journal-title":"\u4e2d\u56fd\u751f\u7269\u5236\u54c1\u5b66\u6742\u5fd7"},{"key":"B75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"522","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.20371","article-title":"Systematic review and meta-analysis: anti-tumor necrosis factor \u03b1 therapy and cardiovascular events in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"63","author":"Barnabe","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res."},{"key":"B76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R577","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.1998.274.3.R577","article-title":"Tumor necrosis factor in the heart","volume":"274","author":"Meldrum","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Physiol."},{"key":"B77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e327","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.112.150656","article-title":"Cardiokines: recent progress in elucidating the cardiac secretome","volume":"126","author":"Shimano","year":"2012","journal-title":"Circulation."},{"key":"B78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.1002\/art.23281","article-title":"Does tumor necrosis factor alpha inhibition promote or prevent heart failure in patients with rheumatoid arthritis?","volume":"58","author":"Listing","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"B79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3133","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000077913.60364.D2","article-title":"Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, pilot trial of infliximab, a chimeric monoclonal antibody to tumor necrosis factor-alpha, in patients with moderate-to-severe heart failure: results of the anti-TNF Therapy Against Congestive Heart Failure (ATTACH) trial","volume":"107","author":"Chung","year":"2003","journal-title":"Circulation."},{"key":"B80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1743","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.113.301145","article-title":"B cells and humoral immunity in atherosclerosis","volume":"114","author":"Tsiantoulas","year":"2014","journal-title":"Circ Res."},{"key":"B81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.114.303569","article-title":"Targeting B cells in atherosclerosis: closing the gap from bench to bedside","volume":"35","author":"Tsiantoulas","year":"2015","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol."},{"key":"B82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpt.12522","article-title":"Anterior ST-elevation myocardial infarction induced by rituximab infusion: a case report and review of the literature","volume":"42","author":"Sharif","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Clin Pharm Ther."},{"key":"B83","first-page":"589","article-title":"The impact of abatacept treatment on the vasculature in patients with rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"33","author":"Sandoo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol."},{"key":"B84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2013.07.034","article-title":"CTLA-4Ig immunotherapy of obesity-induced insulin resistance by manipulation of macrophage polarization in adipose tissues","volume":"438","author":"Fujii","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun."},{"key":"B85","first-page":"254","article-title":"CTLA-4 (CD152) blockade does not cause a pro-inflammatory cytokine profile in regulatory T cells","volume":"29","author":"Kolar","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol."},{"key":"B86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e888","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000000888","article-title":"Abatacept improves whole-body insulin sensitivity in rheumatoid arthritis: an observational study","volume":"94","author":"Ursini","year":"2015","journal-title":"Medicine."},{"key":"B87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1240","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.170926","article-title":"Cardiovascular (CV) risk after initiation of abatacept versus TNF inhibitors in rheumatoid arthritis patients with and without baseline CV disease","volume":"45","author":"Jin","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Rheumatol."},{"key":"B88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"v3","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kes113","article-title":"Understanding the dynamics: pathways involved in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"51","author":"Choy","year":"2012","journal-title":"Rheumatology."},{"key":"B89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.2147\/DDDT.S150580","article-title":"Tocilizumab in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis: an evidence-based review and patient selection","volume":"13","author":"Biggioggero","year":"2018","journal-title":"Drug Des Devel Ther."},{"key":"B90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.1038\/s41584-018-0022-8","article-title":"Microvascular endothelial dysfunction in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"14","author":"Bordy","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Rev Rheumatol."},{"key":"B91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"510","DOI":"10.1089\/jir.2018.0009","article-title":"Tocilizumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody against the Interleukin-6 receptor, inhibits high glucose-induced vascular smooth muscle cell migration through mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways","volume":"38","author":"Wu","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Interferon Cytokine Res."},{"key":"B92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2662","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.731877","article-title":"Inhibition of interleukin-1 by anakinra improves vascular and left ventricular function in patients with rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"117","author":"Ikonomidis","year":"2008","journal-title":"Circulation."},{"key":"B93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCIMAGING.113.001193","article-title":"Increased benefit of interleukin-1 inhibition on vascular function, myocardial deformation, and twisting in patients with coronary artery disease and coexisting rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"7","author":"Ikonomidis","year":"2014","journal-title":"Circ Cardiovasc Imaging."},{"key":"B94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1502","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.2009.168971","article-title":"Lowering interleukin-1 activity with anakinra improves myocardial deformation in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"95","author":"Ikonomidis","year":"2009","journal-title":"Heart."},{"key":"B95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1093\/eurjhf\/hfq017","article-title":"Interleukin-1beta modulation using a genetically engineered antibody prevents adverse cardiac remodelling following acute myocardial infarction in the mouse","volume":"12","author":"Abbate","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail."},{"key":"B96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1394","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2013.01.287","article-title":"Effects of interleukin-1 blockade with anakinra on adverse cardiac remodeling and heart failure after acute myocardial infarction [from the Virginia Commonwealth University-Anakinra Remodeling Trial (2) (VCU-ART2) pilot study]","volume":"111","author":"Abbate","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol."},{"key":"B97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7390","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21197390","article-title":"Clinical Aspects of Janus Kinase (JAK) inhibitors in the cardiovascular system in patients with rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"21","author":"Kotyla","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci."},{"key":"B98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1248","DOI":"10.1002\/phar.2472","article-title":"Risk of venous thromboembolism associated with tofacitinib and baricitinib: a systematic review and indirect meta-analysis","volume":"40","author":"Gim\u00e9nez Poder\u00f3s","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pharmacotherapy."},{"key":"B99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1400","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2019-216761","article-title":"Incidence of venous and arterial thromboembolic events reported in the tofacitinib rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis development programmes and from real-world data","volume":"79","author":"Mease","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis."},{"key":"B100","first-page":"27","article-title":"\u96f7\u516c\u85e4\u6cbb\u7597\u7c7b\u98ce\u6e7f\u5173\u8282\u708e\u673a\u5236\u53ca\u6548\u679c[J]","volume":"26","author":"\u8d3a\u5c11\u6770\uff0c","year":"2019","journal-title":"\u4e34\u5e8a\u533b\u5b66\u5de5\u7a0b"},{"key":"B101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.13194\/j.issn.1673-842x.2021.07.024","article-title":"\u96f7\u516c\u85e4\u6cbb\u7597\u7c7b\u98ce\u6e7f\u5173\u8282\u708e\u7814\u7a76\u8fdb\u5c55[J]","volume":"23","year":"2021","journal-title":"\u8fbd\u5b81\u4e2d\u533b\u836f\u5927\u5b66\u5b66\u62a5"},{"key":"B102","first-page":"1615","article-title":"\u4e2d\u836f\u96f7\u516c\u85e4\u53ca\u5176\u63d0\u53d6\u7269\u5728\u5fc3\u8840\u7ba1\u75be\u75c5\u4e2d\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7814\u7a76\u6982\u51b5[J]","volume":"12","year":"2019","journal-title":"\u73af\u7403\u4e2d\u533b\u836f"},{"key":"B103","first-page":"59","article-title":"\u96f7\u516c\u85e4\u4e34\u5e8a\u5e94\u7528\u53ca\u4e0d\u826f\u53cd\u5e94\u7814\u7a76\u8fdb\u5c55[J]","volume":"12","year":"2016","journal-title":"\u4e9a\u592a\u4f20\u7edf\u533b\u836f"},{"key":"B104","first-page":"88","article-title":"\u96f7\u516c\u85e4294\u4f8b\u4e0d\u826f\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u6587\u732e\u8c03\u67e5\u4e0e\u5206\u6790[J]","volume":"40","author":"\u674e\u539f\u4e3d\uff0c","year":"2011","journal-title":"\u5c71\u897f\u533b\u836f\u6742\u5fd7"},{"key":"B105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1519","DOI":"10.13286\/j.cnki.chinhosppharmacyj.2015.16.21","article-title":"\u96f7\u516c\u85e4\u6bd2\u6027\u4f5c\u7528\u673a\u5236\u7814\u7a76\u8fdb\u5c55[J]","volume":"35","author":"\u660a\u971e\uff0c","year":"2015","journal-title":"\u4e2d\u56fd\u533b\u9662\u836f\u5b66\u6742\u5fd7"},{"key":"B106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1159\/000430330","article-title":"IL-29 enhances LPS\/TLR4-mediated inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"37","author":"Xu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cell Physiol Biochem."},{"key":"B107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.13481\/j.1671-587x.20210219","article-title":"\u767d\u828d\u603b\u82f7\u4ecb\u5bfcTLR4\/NF-\u03baB\u4fe1\u53f7\u901a\u8def\u5bf9\u7c7b\u98ce\u6e7f\u5173\u8282\u708e\u6a21\u578b\u5927\u9f20\u7684\u6cbb\u7597\u4f5c\u7528\u53ca\u5176\u673a\u5236[J]","volume":"47","year":"2021","journal-title":"\u5409\u6797\u5927\u5b66\u5b66\u62a5"},{"key":"B108","first-page":"74","article-title":"\u767d\u828d\u603b\u82f7\u6cbb\u7597\u7c7b\u98ce\u6e7f\u5173\u8282\u708e\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8fdb\u5c55","volume-title":"\u98ce\u6e7f\u75c5\u4e0e\u5173\u8282\u708e","year":"2020"},{"key":"B109","first-page":"111","article-title":"\u767d\u828d\u603b\u82f7\u6cbb\u7597\u7c7b\u98ce\u6e7f\u5173\u8282\u708e\u836f\u7406\u4f5c\u7528\u53ca\u673a\u5236\u7814\u7a76\u8fdb\u5c55[J]","volume":"59","year":"2019","journal-title":"\u5c71\u4e1c\u533b\u836f"},{"key":"B110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.14053\/j.cnki.ppcr.201702005","article-title":"\u767d\u828d\u603b\u82f7\u5bf9\u52a8\u8109\u7ca5\u6837\u786c\u5316\u5927\u9f20\u6c27\u5316\u5e94\u6fc0\u548c\u708e\u75c7\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u6291\u5236\u4f5c\u7528[J]","volume":"20","year":"2017","journal-title":"\u5b9e\u7528\u836f\u7269\u4e0e\u4e34\u5e8a"},{"key":"B111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.13194\/j.jlunivtcm.2011.02.45.hanl.074","article-title":"\u767d\u828d\u603b\u82f7\u5bf9\u4e0d\u540c\u836f\u7269\u8bf1\u5bfc\u6240\u81f4\u5fc3\u808c\u91cd\u6784\u7684\u5f71\u54cd[J]","volume":"13","year":"2011","journal-title":"\u8fbd\u5b81\u4e2d\u533b\u836f\u5927\u5b66\u5b66\u62a5"},{"key":"B112","first-page":"37","article-title":"\u767d\u828d\u603b\u82f7\u5bf9\u8102\u80aa\u809d\u5927\u9f20\u589e\u5f3a\u80f0\u5c9b\u7d20\u654f\u611f\u6027\u53ca\u6297\u8102\u80aa\u809d\u4f5c\u7528[J]","volume":"32","year":"2013","journal-title":"\u5185\u8499\u53e4\u4e2d\u533b\u836f"},{"key":"B113","first-page":"832","article-title":"\u767d\u828d\u603b\u82f7\u5bf9\u7c7b\u98ce\u6e7f\u5173\u8282\u708e\u60a3\u8005\u8840\u8102\u7684\u5f71\u54cd[J]","volume":"20","year":"2014","journal-title":"\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e2d\u533b\u57fa\u7840\u533b\u5b66\u6742\u5fd7"},{"key":"B114","first-page":"2385","article-title":"\u767d\u828d\u603b\u82f7\u5bf9\u8102\u80aa\u809d\u5927\u9f20\u589e\u5f3a\u80f0\u5c9b\u7d20\u654f\u611f\u6027\u53ca\u6297\u8102\u80aa\u809d\u4f5c\u7528[J]","volume-title":"\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e2d\u836f\u6742\u5fd7","year":"2008"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fcvm.2021.812631\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,3]],"date-time":"2022-02-03T06:14:16Z","timestamp":1643868856000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fcvm.2021.812631\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,3]]},"references-count":114,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fcvm.2021.812631"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fcvm.2021.812631","relation":{},"ISSN":["2297-055X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2297-055X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,3]]},"article-number":"812631"}}