{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,22]],"date-time":"2026-04-22T14:30:34Z","timestamp":1776868234135,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,23]],"date-time":"2022-11-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669161600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cardiovasc. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>This retrospective observational study was conducted to assess the clinical characteristics and outcomes of hospitalized COVID-19 patients with positive cardiac enzymes in the King Abdullah University Hospital (KAUH) in Irbid, Jordan.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Patients and methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 676 patients admitted to KAUH for moderate-to-severe COVID-19 were included in the study. Clinical and mortality data were collected from patients\u2019 electronic medical records.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A significant association was found between myocardial injury and In-hospital mortality. Seven comorbidities were identified as risk factors for myocardial injury: Hypertension, diabetes mellitus (DM), previous cerebrovascular accident (CVA), ischemic heart disease (IHD), heart failure, chronic kidney disease (CKD), and cardiac arrhythmias. The need for intensive care unit (ICU) for invasive ventilation was also associated with myocardial injury. Acute kidney injury (AKI) during hospitalization had a significantly higher incidence of myocardial injury and mortality. Acute myocardial infarction (MI) and acute peripheral vascular disease (PVD) were also associated with higher mortality.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Myocardial injury is an important predictor of mortality in patients with moderate-to-severe COVID-19 disease. Patients with a history of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, any vascular diseases, cardiac arrhythmias or heart failure are considered high-risk for adverse outcome. Additionally, COVID-19 patients with myocardial injury and acute kidney injury were recognized with the highest mortality rate.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2022.1039655","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,23]],"date-time":"2022-11-23T04:54:56Z","timestamp":1669179296000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Myocardial injury and its correlation to mortality in hospitalized COVID-19 patients: A retrospective cohort study"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Muhannad J.","family":"Ababneh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abdullah","family":"Al-Kasasbeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohamad","family":"Jarrah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lujain","family":"Malkawi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Omar","family":"Sanduka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Areje M.","family":"Smadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mahmoud M.","family":"Smadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1016\/j.thromres.2020.05.039","article-title":"Thrombosis risk associated with COVID-19 infection. A scoping review.","volume":"192","author":"Al-Ani","year":"2020","journal-title":"Thromb Res."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2323","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v26.i19.2323","article-title":"Gastrointestinal and hepatic manifestations of COVID-19: a comprehensive review.","volume":"26","author":"Cha","year":"2020","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2777","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-020-09974-2","article-title":"Clinical manifestations and evidence of neurological involvement in 2019 novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","volume":"267","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Neurol."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e139","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2020.05.068","article-title":"Cardiovascular complications in COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","volume":"81","author":"Kunutsor","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Infect."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s43044-020-00075-z","article-title":"Cardiovascular disease in COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 10,898 patients and proposal of a triage risk stratification tool.","volume":"72","author":"Momtazmanesh","year":"2020","journal-title":"Egypt Heart J."},{"key":"B6","first-page":"500","article-title":"Elevated cardiac troponin i as a predictor of outcomes in COVID-19 hospitalizations: a meta-analysis.","volume":"28","author":"Malik","year":"2020","journal-title":"Infez Med."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.047971","article-title":"Spectrum of cardiac manifestations in COVID-19: a systematic echocardiographic study.","volume":"142","author":"Szekely","year":"2020","journal-title":"Circulation."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"773","DOI":"10.1007\/s15010-020-01424-5","article-title":"First case of COVID-19 complicated with fulminant myocarditis: a case report and insights.","volume":"48","author":"Zeng","year":"2020","journal-title":"Infection."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30912-0","article-title":"Myocarditis in a patient with COVID-19: a cause of raised troponin and ECG changes.","volume":"395","author":"Doyen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1709","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000002641","article-title":"Prevalence and prognostic association of circulating troponin in the acute respiratory distress syndrome.","volume":"45","author":"Metkus","year":"2017","journal-title":"Crit Care Med."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.26719\/2014.20.9.529","article-title":"Pattern of cigarette and waterpipe smoking in the adult population of Jordan.","volume":"20","author":"Jaghbir","year":"2014","journal-title":"East Mediterr Health J"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fcvm.2022.1039655\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,23]],"date-time":"2022-11-23T04:54:58Z","timestamp":1669179298000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fcvm.2022.1039655\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,23]]},"references-count":11,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fcvm.2022.1039655"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fcvm.2022.1039655","relation":{},"ISSN":["2297-055X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2297-055X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,23]]},"article-number":"1039655"}}