{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T19:43:42Z","timestamp":1791229422819,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,27]],"date-time":"2022-04-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1651017600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001774","name":"University of Sydney","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001774","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cardiovasc. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Contemporary myocardial infarction (MI) care and management has evolved dramatically since the 1950\u2019s; yet outpatient rehabilitation remains underutilized. Deepening our understanding of the origins and history of cardiac rehabilitation highlights a contemporary shift required for policy and practice related to secondary prevention of coronary disease in light of societal changes as well as medical, digital and surgical advancements. Contemporary \u201ccardiac rehabilitation\u201d began when bed rest and physical inactivity was recommended and commonplace for MI survivors. Today, most patients who survive an MI, undergo reperfusion therapy, a short inpatient stay and are discharged with minimal physical morbidity. Despite this, the majority of modern day programs continue to be structured in the same way they have been for the past 50 years and this model has become incongruent with the contemporary context, especially in the COVID-19 era. This review aims to describe the historical foundations of cardiac rehabilitation to inform solutions and meet the demands of contemporary MI management. Delivering health systems reform to address modernization is current healthcare challenge where a united and interdisciplinary effort is needed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2022.842567","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,27]],"date-time":"2022-04-27T02:00:40Z","timestamp":1651024840000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":79,"title":["Historical Context of Cardiac Rehabilitation: Learning From the Past to Move to the Future"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Julie","family":"Redfern","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robyn","family":"Gallagher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adrienne","family":"O\u2019Neil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sherry L.","family":"Grace","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adrian","family":"Bauman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Garry","family":"Jennings","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Brieger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tom","family":"Briffa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cardiovascular Diseases Factsheet."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e9349","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.9349","article-title":"Global epidemiology of ischemic heart disease: results from the global burden of disease study.","volume":"12","author":"Khan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cureus."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"ehaa946.3108","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjci\/ehaa946.3108","article-title":"Impact of cardiac rehabilitation on 3 year outcomes amongst patients after acute coronary syndrome: (ACS) SNAPSHOT ACS follow-up study.","volume":"41","author":"Redfern","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur Heart J."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCOUTCOMES.110.957944","article-title":"Population trends of recurrent coronary heart disease event rates remain high.","volume":"4","author":"Briffa","year":"2011","journal-title":"Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcome."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"588","DOI":"10.5694\/j.1326-5377.2008.tb02189.x","article-title":"Australia: the healthiest country by 2020.","volume":"189","author":"Moodie","year":"2008","journal-title":"Med J Aust."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.5694\/mja12.11080","article-title":"Secondary Prevention Alliance. 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