{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T21:10:07Z","timestamp":1790284207943,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,26]],"date-time":"2022-09-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1664150400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cardiovasc. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Surgical revascularization is the gold standard in most cases of complex coronary artery disease. For coronary artery bypass grafting, autologous grafts are state-of-the-art due to their long-term patency. A non-negligible amount of patients lack suitable bypass material as a result of concomitant diseases or previous interventions. As a promising alternative, tissue-engineered vascular grafts made of biomaterials such as bacterial cellulose (BC) are gaining more and more attention. However, the production of small-diameter grafts (inner diameter &amp;lt; 6 mm) of application-oriented length (&amp;gt; 5 cm) and their\n                    <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    long-term patency remain challenging. In this study, grafts of 20 cm in length with an inner diameter of 3 mm were generated in a custom-made bioreactor. To potentially improve graft compliance and, therefore\n                    <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    patency, BC was combined with an embedded cobalt\u2013chromium mesh. The grafts were designed for\n                    <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    endothelialization and specific surgical properties and implanted as an aortocoronary bypass in a left anterior descending occluded pig model (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 8). Coronary angiography showed complete patency postoperatively at 4 weeks. Following 4 weeks\n                    <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    , the grafts were explanted revealing a three-layered wall structure. Grafts were colonized by smooth muscle cells and a luminal layer of endothelial cells with early formation of\n                    <jats:italic>vasa privata<\/jats:italic>\n                    indicating functional remodeling. These encouraging findings in a large animal model reveal the great potential of small-diameter BC grafts for coronary and peripheral bypass grafting.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2022.881557","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,26]],"date-time":"2022-09-26T01:55:50Z","timestamp":1664157350000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["Small-diameter bacterial cellulose-based vascular grafts for coronary artery bypass grafting in a pig model"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Deborah","family":"Fusco","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Florian","family":"Meissner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruno 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