{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T17:05:46Z","timestamp":1790615146835,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,24]],"date-time":"2022-08-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661299200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cardiovasc. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Infective endocarditis is a complication with high mortality in patients with congenital heart disease, particularly for those with bioprosthetic valve.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Case summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>We report a case of a 54-year-old female with a history of tetralogy of Fallot who had been surgically repaired using a transannular patch due to severe pulmonary insufficiency with right heart enlargement and presented with worsening dyspnea. She had received transcatheter pulmonary valve implantation (TPVI) 5 years ago. Unfortunately, bioprosthesis-associated infective endocarditis occurred due to dental caries. Given persistent antibiotic medication, she became clinically stable with prosthesis functional recovery. However, dysfunctional bioprosthesis was still detected 3 years later, which was successfully treated by valve-in-valve TPVI with the help of modified buddy wire technique. At a 12-month follow-up after valve-in-valve TPVI, she was completely recovered with improved symptoms of heart failure.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>This is the first report of valve-in-valve TPVI of a self-expandable valve in a degenerated self-expandable valve. The case highlights increased surveillance for infective endocarditis of transcatheter pulmonary valve should be emphasized. Subsequent valve-in-valve TPVI is an effective treatment for valve failure in defined conditions improving the hemodynamics.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2022.939297","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,24]],"date-time":"2022-08-24T06:40:39Z","timestamp":1661323239000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Case report: Transcatheter pulmonary valve-in-valve implantation in a deteriorated self-expandable valve caused by infective endocarditis"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Yan-Jie","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cheng","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ben","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2021.11.022","article-title":"High variability of right ventricular volumes and function in adults with severe pulmonary regurgitation late after tetralogy of fallot repair","volume":"166","author":"Greutmann","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am J 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