{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T17:44:08Z","timestamp":1791999848289,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,13]],"date-time":"2022-07-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1657670400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cardiovasc. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB) post acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a severe clinical condition with a poor prognosis. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the rate of in-hospital mortality in patients with GIB post-AMI and to identify the potential risk factors of this situation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this single-center retrospective study, a total of 154 patients diagnosed with AMI who subsequently suffered GIB were enrolled from October 2013 to December 2021. Demographic, laboratory, and clinical data were collected. The in-hospital mortality was the outcome of interest. Logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the potential risk factors of in-hospital mortality.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Among the 154 subjects included in the final analysis, the mean age was 65.58 \u00b1 11.20 years, and 104 (67.53%) were males. GIB occurred in 11 patients after thrombolytic therapy, 50 patients after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), and 93 patients during drug conservative treatment. A total of 41 patients died in the hospital. The in-hospital mortality rate of the thrombolysis group, PCI group, and drug conservative treatment group was 27.27% (3\/11), 28.00% (14\/50), and 25.81% (24\/93), respectively. There was no difference in the in-hospital mortality among the three groups. The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the peak levels of TnI (OR 1.07, 95% CI 1.02\u20131.12, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.011), condition of cardiogenic shock after admission (OR 14.52, 95% CI 3.36\u201362.62, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.001), and the use of the mechanical ventilator (OR 8.14, 95% CI 2.03\u201332.59, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.003) were significantly associated with in-hospital mortality.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Regardless of the treatment strategy for AMI, once GIB occurred, the prognosis was poor. High in-hospital mortality in patients with GIB post-AMI was independently associated with the peak levels of TnI, condition of cardiogenic shock, and the use of a mechanical ventilator.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2022.942467","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,13]],"date-time":"2022-07-13T04:56:52Z","timestamp":1657688212000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Clinical Characteristics and Risk Factors of In-Hospital Mortality in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction With Subsequent Gastrointestinal Bleeding: A Single-Center 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