{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T04:12:31Z","timestamp":1787026351530,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,3]],"date-time":"2022-08-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1659484800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cardiovasc. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The incidence of coexisting myocardial ischemia and neurological symptoms in Takayasu arteritis (TA) is currently unknown. There is no standardized treatment algorithm in complex cases involving the coronary and intracranial arteries.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to describe the clinical characteristics and outcomes in patients with TA coexisting with myocardial ischemia and neurological symptoms.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We retrospectively collected and assessed 1,580 patients with TA, and enrolled patients with myocardial ischemia and neurological symptoms from January 2002 to December 2021 in several hospitals. The incidence, clinical features, management strategy, and prognosis of these patients were evaluated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ninety-four (5.9%, 94\/1,580) patients with TA coexisting with myocardial ischemia and neurological symptoms were included in the present study. Imaging results showed that the subclavian arteries were the most frequently affected arteries and 37 patients had intracranial vascular abnormalities, comprising the basilar artery (6.1%, 17\/279), middle cerebral artery (2.5%, 7\/279), anterior cerebral artery (2.9%, 8\/279), and posterior cerebral artery (1.9%, 5\/279). Among patients with neurological symptoms, 25 patients underwent percutaneous transluminal angioplasty and 20 patients underwent stent implantation. The most common site of stenosis was the ostial and proximal segments of the coronary artery, with 142 lesions among 188 (75.5%) lesions. Thirty-eight patients adopted interventional therapy, 21 patients underwent surgical treatment, and the remaining 35 patients received conservative treatment. There were 20 (21.27%, 20\/94) late deaths during a mean follow-up of 57.79 months. The mortality rate in the conservative treatment group was significantly higher than that in the interventional therapy and surgical treatment groups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients with TA involving both the coronary and intracranial vessels are not rare. Stenosis and occlusion lesions most frequently involve the ostia and proximal segment of the arteries. Severe vascular lesions should be revascularized as soon as possible. These patients should be supplemented with glucocorticoids, antiplatelet, nitrates, and statins.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2022.948124","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,3]],"date-time":"2022-08-03T00:59:05Z","timestamp":1659488345000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Clinical characteristics and outcomes in patients with Takayasu arteritis coexisting with myocardial ischemia and neurological symptoms: A multicenter, long-term, follow-up study"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Junting","family":"Huo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"LiJun","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dewei","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rui","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiawei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xianliang","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tao","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linggen","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1866","DOI":"10.1017\/S1047951121001700","article-title":"Takayasu\u2019s arteritis presenting as acute myocardial infarction: case series and review of literature.","volume":"31","author":"Wilson","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cardiol Young."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"900","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2017.11.001","article-title":"Ischemic complications in Takayasu\u2019s arteritis: a meta-analysis.","volume":"47","author":"Kim","year":"2018","journal-title":"Semin Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"B3","first-page":"1118","article-title":"Impact of coronary involvement on long-term outcomes in patients with Takayasu\u2019s arteritis.","volume":"38","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1007\/s40744-020-00251-2","article-title":"Revascularization versus medical therapy in Takayasu\u2019s arteritis patients with coronary artery involvement.","volume":"8","author":"Huang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Rheumatol Ther."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"566","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2007.04.001","article-title":"Coronary involvement in Takayasu\u2019s arteritis.","volume":"6","author":"Rav-Acha","year":"2007","journal-title":"Autoimmun Rev."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.13122195","article-title":"Takayasu arteritis: assessment of coronary arterial abnormalities with 128-section dual-source CT angiography of the coronary arteries and aorta.","volume":"270","author":"Kang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Radiology."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radcr.2019.12.019","article-title":"Stroke as the initial presentation of Takayasu\u2019s arteritis: a case report.","volume":"15","author":"Davari","year":"2020","journal-title":"Radiol Case Rep."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.11980","article-title":"Unsuccessful endovascular treatment in a patient with stroke onset of Takayasu arteritis and positive clinical outcome.","volume":"12","author":"Mangiardi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cureus."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.630619","article-title":"Bridging therapy for acute stroke as the initial manifestation of Takayasu arteritis: a case report and review of literature.","volume":"12","author":"Dai","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Immunol."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics11111997","article-title":"Intracranial involvement in Takayasu\u2019s arteritis.","volume":"11","author":"Johnson","year":"2021","journal-title":"Diagnostics."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1016\/s1001-9294(12)60005-4","article-title":"Neurological manifestations of Takayasu arteritis.","volume":"26","author":"Li-xin","year":"2011","journal-title":"Chin Med Sci J."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1846","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.150097","article-title":"Clinical features and outcomes of Takayasu arteritis with neurological symptoms in china: a retrospective study.","volume":"42","author":"Yang","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Rheumatol."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1129","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780330811","article-title":"The American college of rheumatology 1990 criteria for the classification of Takayasu arteritis.","volume":"33","author":"Arend","year":"1990","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1016\/s0002-8703(77)80178-6","article-title":"Takayasu\u2019s arteritis. Clinical study of 107 cases.","volume":"93","author":"Lupi-Herrera","year":"1977","journal-title":"Am Heart J."},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.3988\/jcn.2012.8.2.109","article-title":"Ischemic stroke in Takayasu\u2019s arteritis: lesion patterns and possible mechanisms.","volume":"8","author":"Hwang","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Clin Neurol."},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2021.0254","article-title":"Coronary in-stent restenosis: predictors and treatment.","volume":"118","author":"Ullrich","year":"2021","journal-title":"Dtsch Arztebl Int."},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcct.2019.07.010","article-title":"Standardized reporting systems for computed tomography coronary angiography and calcium scoring: a real-world validation of CAD-RADS and CAC-DRS in patients with stable chest pain.","volume":"14","author":"Williams","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Comput Tomogr."},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2018.06.021","article-title":"Cardiac valve involvement in Takayasu arteritis is common: a retrospective study of 1,069 patients over 25 years.","volume":"356","author":"Zhang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Med Sci."},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3320","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehv511","article-title":"Stent thrombosis and restenosis: what have we learned and where are we going? The andreas gruntzig lecture ESC 2014.","volume":"36","author":"Byrne","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur Heart J."},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1016\/s0002-8703(05)80028-6","article-title":"Restenosis following coronary angioplasty.","volume":"119","author":"Fanelli","year":"1990","journal-title":"Am Heart J."},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/life11010063","article-title":"Vascular wall reactions to coronary stents-clinical implications for stent failure.","volume":"11","author":"Gori","year":"2021","journal-title":"Life."},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.3109\/08830185.2012.740105","article-title":"Takayasu arteritis: diagnosis, treatment and prognosis.","volume":"31","author":"Wen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int Rev Immunol."},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"508","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.99.2.508","article-title":"Regression of the left main trunk lesion by steroid administration in Takayasu\u2019s aortitis.","volume":"99","author":"Iga","year":"1991","journal-title":"Chest."},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(91)90845-c","article-title":"Effects of prednisolone therapy on arterial angiographic features in Takayasu\u2019s disease.","volume":"68","author":"Ishikawa","year":"1991","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol."},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep38687","article-title":"The efficacy of Mycophenolate mofetil for the treatment of Chinese Takayasu\u2019s arteritis.","volume":"6","author":"Li","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci Rep."},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"973","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-010-1496-1","article-title":"Takayasu\u2019s arteritis: clinical features and outcomes of 125 patients in China.","volume":"29","author":"Cong","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin Rheumatol."},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.158.2.1346073","article-title":"Renal artery stenosis caused by nonspecific arteritis (Takayasu disease): results of treatment with percutaneous transluminal angioplasty.","volume":"158","author":"Sharma","year":"1992","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol."},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2738","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.759589","article-title":"Overview of late outcome of medical and surgical treatment for Takayasu arteritis.","volume":"118","author":"Ogino","year":"2008","journal-title":"Circulation."},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2017.02.041","article-title":"Outcomes of percutaneous coronary intervention and coronary artery bypass grafting in patients with Takayasu arteritis.","volume":"241","author":"Yang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol."},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"766","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A5095","article-title":"Intracranial and extracranial neurovascular manifestations of Takayasu Arteritis.","volume":"38","author":"Bond","year":"2017","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fcvm.2022.948124\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,3]],"date-time":"2022-08-03T00:59:09Z","timestamp":1659488349000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fcvm.2022.948124\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,3]]},"references-count":30,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fcvm.2022.948124"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fcvm.2022.948124","relation":{},"ISSN":["2297-055X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2297-055X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,3]]},"article-number":"948124"}}