{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T04:12:37Z","timestamp":1787026357916,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,12]],"date-time":"2022-10-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1665532800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cardiovasc. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our aim was to assess the characteristics and to identify predictors of left atrial thrombus (LAT) in patients under age 65 with atrial fibrillation (AF) or atrial flutter (AFl).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted a subanalysis of a multicenter, prospective, observational study [the LATTEE registry]. Consecutive AF\/AFl patients referred for cardioversion or ablation were enrolled.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Of the 3,109 patients included in the study, 1,276 were under age 65 (41%). Compared to non-LAT patients, those with LAT (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 76) had higher CHA\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      DS\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      -VASc score (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &amp;lt; 0.001), more frequently had non-paroxysmal AF\/AFl (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &amp;lt; 0.001), heart failure (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &amp;lt; 0.001), history of diabetes mellitus (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.001), transient ischemic attack (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.04), coronary artery disease (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.02), and chronic kidney disease (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &amp;lt; 0.001). The LAT patients were also more often smokers (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.004) and were more frequently treated with vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &amp;lt; 0.001). Transthoracic echocardiography revealed a higher left atrial area (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &amp;lt; 0.001), lower left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &amp;lt; 0.001), and lower value of LA appendage emptying volume in LAT than in non-LAT patients (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &amp;lt; 0.001). LVEF (OR 2.95; 95% CI: 1.32\u20136.59,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.008), non-paroxysmal AF\/AFl (OR 7.1; 95% CI: 2.05\u201324.63,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.002) and treatment with VKAs (OR 4.92; 95% CI: 2.48\u20139.75,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &amp;lt; 0.001) were identified as independent predictors of LAT in younger patients.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our study, which focused on younger patients with AF\/AFl, indicated substantial clinical and echocardiographic differences between participants with and without LAT. In the AF\/AFl patients younger than age 65, the independent predictors of LAT included non-paroxysmal AF\/AFl, lower LVEF, and treatment with VKAs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2022.973043","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,12]],"date-time":"2022-10-12T09:22:19Z","timestamp":1665566539000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Risk factors for left atrial thrombus in younger patients (aged &lt; 65 years) with atrial fibrillation or atrial flutter: Data from the multicenter left atrial thrombus on transesophageal echocardiography (LATTEE) 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