{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T16:25:06Z","timestamp":1790871906769,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":238,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,21]],"date-time":"2022-09-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1663718400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cardiovasc. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Immunosuppressive medications are widely used to treat patients with neoplasms, autoimmune conditions and solid organ transplants. Key drug classes, namely calcineurin inhibitors, mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors, and purine synthesis inhibitors, have direct effects on the structure and function of the heart and vascular system. In the heart, immunosuppressive agents modulate cardiac hypertrophy, mitochondrial function, and arrhythmia risk, while in vasculature, they influence vessel remodeling, circulating lipids, and blood pressure. The aim of this review is to present the preclinical and clinical literature examining the cardiovascular effects of immunosuppressive agents, with a specific focus on cyclosporine, tacrolimus, sirolimus, everolimus, mycophenolate, and azathioprine.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2022.981838","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,21]],"date-time":"2022-09-21T11:03:27Z","timestamp":1663758207000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":88,"title":["Cardiovascular effects of immunosuppression agents"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Aly","family":"Elezaby","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ryan","family":"Dexheimer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karim","family":"Sallam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3351","DOI":"10.2174\/1381612826666200603130232","article-title":"A comprehensive and contemporary review on immunosuppression therapy for heart transplantation","volume":"26","author":"Goldraich","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr Pharm Des."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e214920","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2021.4920","article-title":"Prevalence of immunosuppressive drug use among commercially insured US adults, 2018-2019","volume":"4","author":"Wallace","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2547","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.16477","article-title":"Prevalence of immunosuppression among US adults","volume":"316","author":"Harpaz","year":"2016","journal-title":"JAMA."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"807","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-6143.2002.20902.x","article-title":"Cardiovascular toxicities of immunosuppressive agents","volume":"2","author":"Miller","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Transplant Off J Am Soc Transplant Am Soc Transpl Surg."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1561","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199005313222203","article-title":"Prognostic implications of echocardiographically determined left ventricular mass in the Framingham Heart Study","volume":"322","author":"Levy","year":"1990","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.2003.029413","article-title":"Assessment of diastolic function: what the general cardiologist needs to know","volume":"91","author":"Mottram","year":"2005","journal-title":"Heart Br Card Soc."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1092","DOI":"10.1038\/2578","article-title":"Calcineurin inhibitors and cardiac hypertrophy","volume":"4","author":"Luo","year":"1998","journal-title":"Nat Med."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1960","DOI":"10.1097\/00007890-200005150-00039","article-title":"Tacrolimus and myocardial hypertrophy","volume":"69","author":"Nakata","year":"2000","journal-title":"Transplantation."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S41","DOI":"10.1097\/TP.0000000000001691","article-title":"mTOR inhibition and cardiovascular diseases: cardiac hypertrophy","volume":"102","author":"Paoletti","year":"2018","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1690","DOI":"10.1126\/science.281.5383.1690","article-title":"Prevention of cardiac hypertrophy in mice by calcineurin inhibition","volume":"281","author":"Sussman","year":"1998","journal-title":"Science."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"735","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.84.6.735","article-title":"Cyclosporine attenuates pressure-overload hypertrophy in mice while enhancing susceptibility to decompensation and heart failure","volume":"84","author":"Meguro","year":"1999","journal-title":"Circ Res."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2134","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.101.18.2134","article-title":"Calcineurin is activated in rat hearts with physiological left ventricular hypertrophy induced by voluntary exercise training","volume":"101","author":"Eto","year":"2000","journal-title":"Circulation."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2431","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.101.20.2431","article-title":"Calcineurin expression, activation, and function in cardiac pressure-overload hypertrophy","volume":"101","author":"Lim","year":"2000","journal-title":"Circulation."},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2863","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.101.24.2863","article-title":"Cardiac hypertrophy is not a required compensatory response to short-term pressure overload","volume":"101","author":"Hill","year":"2000","journal-title":"Circulation."},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"729","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.84.6.729","article-title":"Pressure overload induces severe hypertrophy in mice treated with cyclosporine, an inhibitor of calcineurin","volume":"84","author":"Ding","year":"1999","journal-title":"Circ Res."},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"722","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.84.6.722","article-title":"Failure of calcineurin inhibitors to prevent pressure-overload left ventricular hypertrophy in rats","volume":"84","author":"Zhang","year":"1999","journal-title":"Circ Res."},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.35.1.360","article-title":"Cyclosporin A protects against angiotensin II-induced end-organ damage in double transgenic rats harboring human renin and angiotensinogen genes","volume":"35","author":"Mervaala","year":"2000","journal-title":"Hypertens Dallas Tex."},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1339","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0703422","article-title":"Comparison of enalapril and valsartan in cyclosporine A-induced hypertension and nephrotoxicity in spontaneously hypertensive rats on high-sodium diet","volume":"130","author":"Lassila","year":"2000","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol."},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13893","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.95.23.13893","article-title":"Transient cardiac expression of constitutively active Galphaq leads to hypertrophy and dilated cardiomyopathy by calcineurin-dependent and independent pathways","volume":"95","author":"Mende","year":"1998","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A."},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1368","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.87.4.1368","article-title":"Cyclosporine A has no direct effect on collagen metabolism by cardiac fibroblasts in vitro","volume":"87","author":"Eleftheriades","year":"1993","journal-title":"Circulation."},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biochi.2018.02.017","article-title":"Cyclosporin A induces autophagy in cardiac fibroblasts through the NRP-2\/WDFY-1 axis","volume":"148","author":"Chi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biochimie."},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"761","DOI":"10.14670\/HH-17.761","article-title":"Alterations induced by cyclosporine A in myocardial fibers and extracellular matrix in rat","volume":"17","author":"Rezzani","year":"2002","journal-title":"Histol Histopathol."},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00408666","article-title":"Myocardial fibrosis and right ventricular function of heterotopically transplanted hearts in rats treated with cyclosporin","author":"Kol\u00e1r","year":"1996","journal-title":"Mol Cell Biochem"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1016\/S0008-6363(00)00069-9","article-title":"Dinitrophenol, cyclosporin A, and trimetazidine modulate preconditioning in the isolated rat heart: support for a mitochondrial role in cardioprotection","volume":"47","author":"Minners","year":"2000","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Res."},{"key":"B25","first-page":"180","article-title":"Effects of cyclosporine on the transplanted human heart","volume":"6","author":"Stovin","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Heart Transplant."},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"817","DOI":"10.1097\/00007890-200209270-00015","article-title":"Asymmetric cardiac hypertrophy at autopsy in patients who received FK506 (tacrolimus) or cyclosporine A after liver transplant","volume":"74","author":"Roberts","year":"2002","journal-title":"Transplantation."},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1097","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bmt.1703304","article-title":"Assessment of myocardial hypertrophy by echocardiography in adult patients receiving tacrolimus or cyclosporine therapy for prevention of acute GVHD","volume":"28","author":"Espino","year":"2001","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant."},{"key":"B28","first-page":"210","article-title":"Cyclosporine induced myocardial fibrosis: a unique controlled case report","volume":"4","author":"Karch","year":"1985","journal-title":"J Heart Transplant."},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2005.04.006","article-title":"Positive correlations between serum calcineurin activity and left ventricular hypertrophy","volume":"105","author":"Choudhary","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol."},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa071142","article-title":"Effect of cyclosporine on reperfusion injury in acute myocardial infarction","volume":"359","author":"Piot","year":"2008","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e34","DOI":"10.1111\/1755-5922.12010","article-title":"The effect of prethrombolytic cyclosporine-A injection on clinical outcome of acute anterior ST-elevation myocardial infarction","volume":"31","author":"Ghaffari","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Ther."},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1021","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1505489","article-title":"Cyclosporine before PCI in patients with acute myocardial infarction","volume":"373","author":"Cung","year":"2015","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2015.10.081","article-title":"Cyclosporine A in reperfused myocardial infarction","volume":"67","author":"Ottani","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol."},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2015.11.024","article-title":"Cyclosporine a prior to primary PCI in STEMI patients","volume":"67","author":"Chen -Scarabelli","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2269","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.102.18.2269","article-title":"Calcineurin inhibitor attenuates left ventricular hypertrophy, leading to prevention of heart failure in hypertensive rats","volume":"102","author":"Sakata","year":"2000","journal-title":"Circulation."},{"key":"B36","first-page":"114","volume":"37","author":"Shimoyama","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Cardiol."},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1351","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI11093","article-title":"An abnormal Ca(2+) response in mutant sarcomere protein-mediated familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy","volume":"106","author":"Fatkin","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Clin Invest."},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1007\/s10396-019-00990-y","article-title":"Blood concentration of tacrolimus and age predict tacrolimus-induced left ventricular dysfunction after bone marrow transplantation in adults","volume":"47","author":"Kanazawa","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Med Ultrason"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"894","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(95)90011-X","article-title":"Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy associated with tacrolimus in paediatric transplant patients","volume":"345","author":"Atkison","year":"1995","journal-title":"Lancet Lond Engl."},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3831","DOI":"10.1016\/j.transproceed.2009.05.040","article-title":"Reversible myocardial hypertrophy induced by tacrolimus in a pediatric heart transplant recipient: case report","volume":"41","author":"Mano","year":"2009","journal-title":"Transplant Proc."},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.81.2.176","article-title":"Rapamycin Inhibits \u03b11-Adrenergic Receptor\u2013Stimulated Cardiac Myocyte Hypertrophy but Not Activation of Hypertrophy-Associated Genes","volume":"81","author":"Boluyt","year":"1997","journal-title":"Circ Res."},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1663","DOI":"10.1097\/01.hjh.0000239304.01496.83","article-title":"Inhibition of mTOR reduces chronic pressure-overload cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis","volume":"24","author":"Gao","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Hypertens."},{"key":"B43","unstructured":"Rapamycin Inhibits Cardiac Hypertrophy by Promoting Autophagy via the MEK\/ERK\/Beclin-1 Pathway\n            GuJ\n            HuW\n            SongZP\n            ChenYG\n            ZhangDD\n            WangCQ\n          10.3389\/fphys.2016.0010427047390Front Physiol [Internet]2016"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0032-1311548","article-title":"Rapamycin inhibits the mTOR\/p70S6K pathway and attenuates cardiac fibrosis in adriamycin-induced dilated cardiomyopathy","volume":"61","author":"Yu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Thorac Cardiovasc Surg."},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1111\/nyas.13557","article-title":"Cardioprotective effects of dietary rapamycin on adult female C57BLKS\/J-Leprdb mice","volume":"1418","author":"Reifsnyder","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci."},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5724046","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/5724046","article-title":"Differential Regulation of Cardiac Function and Intracardiac Cytokines by Rapamycin in Healthy and Diabetic Rats","volume":"2017","author":"Luck","year":"2017","journal-title":"Oxid Med Cell Longev."},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1395","DOI":"10.1097\/TP.0b013e318189049a","article-title":"Sirolimus as primary immunosuppressant reduces left ventricular mass and improves diastolic function of the cardiac allograft","volume":"86","author":"Raichlin","year":"2008","journal-title":"Transplantation."},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e018186","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.120.018186","article-title":"Impact of sirolimus as a primary immunosuppressant on myocardial fibrosis and diastolic function following heart transplantation","volume":"10","author":"Alnsasra","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc."},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2742","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehn407","article-title":"Sirolimus affects cardiomyocytes to reduce left ventricular mass in heart transplant recipients","volume":"29","author":"Kushwaha","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur Heart J."},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2021.01.007","article-title":"Everolimus for the prevention of calcineurin-inhibitor-induced left ventricular hypertrophy after heart transplantation (RADTAC Study)","volume":"9","author":"Anthony","year":"2021","journal-title":"JACC Heart Fail."},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1536\/ihj.15-320","article-title":"Everolimus attenuates myocardial hypertrophy and improves diastolic function in heart transplant recipients","volume":"57","author":"Imamura","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int Heart J."},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1111\/ctr.13043","article-title":"Impact of early conversion from cyclosporin to everolimus on left ventricular mass index: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"31","author":"Krishnan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Transplant"},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1097\/TP.0b013e3182a92728","article-title":"Cardiac response to early conversion from calcineurin inhibitor to everolimus in renal transplant recipients: an echocardiographic substudy of the randomized controlled CENTRAL trial","volume":"97","author":"Murbraech","year":"2014","journal-title":"Transplantation."},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"678","DOI":"10.1111\/ctr.12565","article-title":"Cardiac response to early conversion from calcineurin inhibitor to everolimus in renal transplant recipients\u2013a three-yr serial echocardiographic substudy of the randomized controlled CENTRAL trial","volume":"29","author":"Murbraech","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Transplant."},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1853","DOI":"10.1111\/ajt.14186","article-title":"Early conversion from Calcineurin inhibitor- to Everolimus-based therapy following kidney transplantation: results of the randomized ELEVATE trial","volume":"17","author":"de Fijter","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Transplant Off J Am Soc Transplant Am Soc Transpl Surg."},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1002\/prp2.331","article-title":"Effects of mTOR inhibition on cardiac and adipose tissue pathology and glucose metabolism in rats with metabolic syndrome","volume":"5","author":"Uchinaka","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pharmacol Res Perspect."},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"850","DOI":"10.1691\/ph.2014.4598","article-title":"Mycophenolate mofetil attenuates myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury via regulation of the TLR4\/NF-\u03baB signaling pathway","volume":"69","author":"Li","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pharm."},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2005.04.004","article-title":"Mycophenolate mofetil prevents the development of experimental autoimmune myocarditis","volume":"39","author":"Kamiyoshi","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Mol Cell Cardiol."},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.87.9.731","article-title":"Calcineurin and beyond: cardiac hypertrophic signaling","volume":"87","author":"Molkentin","year":"2000","journal-title":"Circ Res."},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15239","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.275.20.15239","article-title":"Ca2+\/calmodulin-dependent kinase II and calcineurin play critical roles in endothelin-1-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy","volume":"275","author":"Zhu","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Biol Chem."},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1016\/S0008-6363(01)00451-5","article-title":"Old and new tools to dissect calcineurin's role in pressure-overload cardiac hypertrophy","volume":"53","author":"Zhang","year":"2002","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Res."},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1196","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.97.3.1196","article-title":"Targeted inhibition of calcineurin prevents agonist-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy","volume":"97","author":"Taigen","year":"2000","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A."},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.119.316007","article-title":"The calcineurin-TFEB-p62 pathway mediates the activation of cardiac macroautophagy by proteasomal malfunction","volume":"127","author":"Pan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Circ Res."},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1270","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-291X(89)91115-7","article-title":"Cyclosporine increases endothelin-1 binding site density in cardiac cell membranes","volume":"163","author":"Nayler","year":"1989","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun."},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1367","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.121.054317","article-title":"Modeling effects of immunosuppressive drugs on human hearts using induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiac organoids and single-cell RNA sequencing","volume":"145","author":"Sallam","year":"2022","journal-title":"Circulation."},{"key":"B66","unstructured":"Double Blind Placebo Controlled Study of Cyclosporin A in Patients With Left Ventricular Hypertrophy Caused by Sarcomeric Gene Mutations [Internet]. clinicaltrials2008"},{"key":"B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1055","DOI":"10.1517\/14740338.2015.1040388","article-title":"Everolimus and sirolimus in transplantation-related but different","volume":"14","author":"Klawitter","year":"2015","journal-title":"Expert Opin Drug Saf."},{"key":"B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"666","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ftd.0000175911.70172.2e","article-title":"The role of therapeutic monitoring of everolimus in solid organ transplantation","volume":"27","author":"Mabasa","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ther Drug Monit."},{"key":"B69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.2165\/00003088-200544080-00001","article-title":"Sirolimus: the evidence for clinical pharmacokinetic monitoring","volume":"44","author":"Stenton","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacokinet."},{"key":"B70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1040","DOI":"10.1097\/00007890-199810270-00013","article-title":"Immunosuppressive effects and safety of a sirolimus\/cyclosporine combination regimen for renal transplantation","volume":"66","author":"Kahan","year":"1998","journal-title":"Transplantation."},{"key":"B71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e004106","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.116.004106","article-title":"Rapamycin Attenuates Cardiac Fibrosis in Experimental Uremic Cardiomyopathy by Reducing Marinobufagenin Levels and Inhibiting Downstream Pro-Fibrotic Signaling","volume":"5","author":"Haller","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc."},{"key":"B72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2435","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2009.08.031","article-title":"Beneficial effects of mammalian target of rapamycin inhibition on left ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction","volume":"54","author":"Buss","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol."},{"key":"B73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2022.01.010","article-title":"Controlled-Level EVERolimus in Acute Coronary Syndrome (CLEVER-ACS)\u2014A phase II, randomized, double-blind, multi-center, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"247","author":"Klingenberg","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am Heart J."},{"key":"B74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"iii18","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfl300","article-title":"Everolimus in clinical practice\u2014renal transplantation","volume":"21","author":"Pascual","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"B75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2612","DOI":"10.1097\/TP.0000000000001739","article-title":"Cardiovascular parameters to 2 years after kidney transplantation following early switch to Everolimus without Calcineurin inhibitor therapy: an analysis of the randomized ELEVATE study","volume":"101","author":"Holdaas","year":"2017","journal-title":"Transplantation."},{"key":"B76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1111\/tri.13798","article-title":"5-Year outcomes of the prospective and randomized CISTCERT study comparing steroid withdrawal to replacement of cyclosporine with everolimus in de novo kidney transplant patients","volume":"34","author":"Pipeleers","year":"2021","journal-title":"Transpl Int."},{"key":"B77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1380","DOI":"10.1111\/tri.13322","article-title":"Long-term cardiovascular outcome of renal transplant recipients after early conversion to everolimus compared to calcineurin inhibition: results from the randomized controlled MECANO trial","volume":"31","author":"van Dijk","year":"2018","journal-title":"Transpl Int Off J Eur Soc Organ Transplant."},{"key":"B78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1345\/aph.1K471","article-title":"Use of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors within the first eight to twelve weeks after renal transplantation","volume":"42","author":"Jennings","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ann Pharmacother."},{"key":"B79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvm005","article-title":"Heart mitochondria: gates of life and death","volume":"77","author":"Gustafsson","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Res."},{"key":"B80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.06.010","article-title":"Calcium-induced cardiac mitochondrial dysfunction is predominantly mediated by cyclosporine A-dependent mitochondrial permeability transition pore","volume":"43","author":"Yarana","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arch Med Res."},{"key":"B81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1314","DOI":"10.1097\/01.TP.0000085660.93090.79","article-title":"Mitochondrial permeability transition-pore inhibition enhances functional recovery after long-time hypothermic heart preservation","volume":"76","author":"Rajesh","year":"2003","journal-title":"Transplantation."},{"key":"B82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"909","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-6576.2007.01342.x","article-title":"Cardioprotective effects of cyclosporine A in an in vivo model of myocardial ischemia and reperfusion","volume":"51","author":"Xie","year":"2007","journal-title":"Acta Anaesthesiol Scand."},{"key":"B83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1461","DOI":"10.1006\/jmcc.1993.1162","article-title":"Protection by Cyclosporin A of ischemia\/reperfusion-induced damage in isolated rat hearts","volume":"25","author":"Griffiths","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Mol Cell Cardiol."},{"key":"B84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1210","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2004.05.104","article-title":"Cardiac disease due to random mitochondrial DNA mutations is prevented by cyclosporin A","volume":"319","author":"Mott","year":"2004","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun."},{"key":"B85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1620","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2004.10.030","article-title":"Cyclosporin a but not FK-506 protects against dopamine-induced apoptosis in the stunned heart","volume":"79","author":"Nathan","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg."},{"key":"B86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1140","DOI":"10.1097\/TP.0000000000002629","article-title":"Cyclosporine A as a cardioprotective agent during donor heart retrieval, storage, or transportation: benefits and limitations","volume":"103","author":"Gao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Transplantation."},{"key":"B87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e12050","DOI":"10.14814\/phy2.12050","article-title":"A new twist on an old idea part 2: cyclosporine preserves normal mitochondrial but not cardiomyocyte function in mini-swine with compensated heart failure","volume":"2","author":"Hiemstra","year":"2014","journal-title":"Physiol Rep."},{"key":"B88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1042\/CS20110069","article-title":"Doxorubicin-induced cardiac dysfunction is attenuated by ciclosporin treatment in mice through improvements in mitochondrial bioenergetics","volume":"121","author":"Marechal","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Sci."},{"key":"B89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"999","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200411-1507OC","article-title":"Calcineurin regulates myocardial function during acute endotoxemia","volume":"173","author":"Joshi","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med."},{"key":"B90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"448","DOI":"10.1097\/00005344-199303000-00015","article-title":"Protective effect of FK506 on ischemia\/reperfusion-induced myocardial damage in canine heart","volume":"21","author":"Nishinaka","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Pharmacol."},{"key":"B91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.12-226225","article-title":"Dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1)-mediated diastolic dysfunction in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury: therapeutic benefits of Drp1 inhibition to reduce mitochondrial fission","volume":"28","author":"Sharp","year":"2014","journal-title":"FASEB J Off Publ Fed Am Soc Exp Biol."},{"key":"B92","first-page":"54","article-title":"The mTOR inhibitor sirolimus suppresses renal, hepatic, and cardiac tissue cellular respiration","volume":"7","author":"Albawardi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Physiol Pathophysiol Pharmacol."},{"key":"B93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2006.04.014","article-title":"Rapamycin confers preconditioning-like protection against ischemia\u2013reperfusion injury in isolated mouse heart and cardiomyocytes","volume":"41","author":"Khan","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Mol Cell Cardiol."},{"key":"B94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1432-1327.1999.00490.x","article-title":"Import and processing of heart mitochondrial cyclophilin D","volume":"263","author":"Johnson","year":"1999","journal-title":"Eur J Biochem."},{"key":"B95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1235","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.2011.01700.x","article-title":"Cyclosporin A and cardioprotection: from investigative tool to therapeutic agent","volume":"165","author":"Hausenloy","year":"2012","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol."},{"key":"B96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc2817","article-title":"Targeting metabolic transformation for cancer therapy","volume":"10","author":"Tennant","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cancer."},{"key":"B97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1646","DOI":"10.1016\/j.transproceed.2015.05.013","article-title":"Rapamycin attenuates mouse liver ischemia and reperfusion injury by inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress","volume":"47","author":"Zhu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Transplant Proc."},{"key":"B98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"608","DOI":"10.1021\/tx900351q","article-title":"Immunosuppressant neurotoxicity in rat brain models: oxidative stress and cellular metabolism","volume":"23","author":"Klawitter","year":"2010","journal-title":"Chem Res Toxicol."},{"key":"B99","first-page":"1287","article-title":"Transplantation: toxicokinetics and mechanisms of toxicity of cyclosporine and macrolides","volume":"4","author":"Serkova","year":"2003","journal-title":"Curr Opin Investig Drugs Lond Engl"},{"key":"B100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"875","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0704142","article-title":"Sirolimus, but not the structurally related RAD (everolimus), enhances the negative effects of cyclosporine on mitochondrial metabolism in the rat brain","volume":"133","author":"Serkova","year":"2001","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol."},{"key":"B101","first-page":"141","article-title":"Cardiovascular effects of cyclosporin treatment in an experimental model","volume":"21","author":"Tavares","year":"2002","journal-title":"Rev Port Cardiol Orgao Of Soc Port Cardiol Port J Cardiol Off J Port Soc Cardiol."},{"key":"B102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5167","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2011.214239","article-title":"Biophysical properties and functional consequences of reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced ROS release in intact myocardium","volume":"589","author":"Biary","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"B103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"H873","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00375.2020","article-title":"Mitochondrial calcium uniporter complex activation protects against calcium alternans in atrial myocytes","volume":"319","author":"Oropeza-Almaz\u00e1n","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol."},{"key":"B104","first-page":"112","volume":"37","author":"Huang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Zhonghua Xin Xue Guan Bing Za Zhi."},{"key":"B105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"H2891","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.01051.2003","article-title":"Biventricular hypertrophy in dogs with chronic AV block: effects of cyclosporin A on morphology and electrophysiology","volume":"287","author":"Schreiner","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol."},{"key":"B106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"758","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox9080758","article-title":"Iron overload, oxidative stress and calcium mishandling in cardiomyocytes: role of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore","volume":"9","author":"Gordan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Antioxidants."},{"key":"B107","first-page":"980","article-title":"Hypomagnesia and arrhythmia corrected by replacing cyclosporine with FK506 in a heart transplant recipient","volume":"16","author":"Ko","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Heart Lung Transplant Off Publ Int Soc Heart Transplant."},{"key":"B108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1097\/00007890-199708150-00012","article-title":"Multicenter randomized trial comparing tacrolimus (FK506) and cyclosporine in the prevention of renal allograft rejection: a report of the European Tacrolimus Multicenter Renal Study Group","volume":"64","author":"Mayer","year":"1997","journal-title":"Transplantation."},{"key":"B109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"PL197","DOI":"10.1016\/S0024-3205(99)00396-3","article-title":"Sustained QT prolongation induced by tacrolimus in guinea pigs","volume":"65","author":"Minematsu","year":"1999","journal-title":"Life Sci."},{"key":"B110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1014460404352","article-title":"Quantitative relationship between myocardial concentration of tacrolimus and QT prolongation in guinea pigs: pharmacokinetic\/pharmacodynamic model incorporating a site of adverse effect","volume":"28","author":"Minematsu","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Pharmacokinet Pharmacodyn."},{"key":"B111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1110","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.79.6.1110","article-title":"Effects of FK-506 on contraction and Ca2+ transients in rat cardiac myocytes","volume":"79","author":"McCall","year":"1996","journal-title":"Circ Res."},{"key":"B112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7793.1997.509bm.x","article-title":"Effect of the immunosupressant FK506 on excitation\u2014contraction coupling and outward K+ currents in rat ventricular myocytes","volume":"501","author":"DuBell","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Physiol."},{"key":"B113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"H2041","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.1998.275.6.H2041","article-title":"Lederer WJ, Rogers TB. Independent inhibition of calcineurin and K+ currents by the immunosuppressant FK-506 in rat ventricle","volume":"275","author":"Bell","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Physiol."},{"key":"B114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5764","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M410240200","article-title":"Calcineurin inhibits Na+\/Ca2+ exchange in phenylephrine-treated hypertrophic cardiomyocytes","volume":"280","author":"Katanosaka","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Biol Chem."},{"key":"B115","first-page":"6759","article-title":"Association of the PPAR\u03b3\/PI3K\/Akt pathway with the cardioprotective effects of tacrolimus in myocardial ischemic\/reperfusion injury","volume":"17","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mol Med Rep."},{"key":"B116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1097\/00007890-199808270-00021","article-title":"prolongation and near fatal cardiac arrhythmia after intravenous tacrolimus administration: a case report","volume":"66","author":"Hodak","year":"1998","journal-title":"Transplantation."},{"key":"B117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1590\/1516-3180.2013.1313472","article-title":"A case of tacrolimus-induced supraventricular arrhythmia after kidney transplantation","volume":"131","author":"Kim","year":"2013","journal-title":"S\u00e1o Paulo Med J Rev Paul Med."},{"key":"B118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1683","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-002-1479-z","article-title":"Tacrolimus-induced life-threatening arrhythmia in a pediatric liver-transplant patient","volume":"28","author":"Nishimura","year":"2002","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med."},{"key":"B119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healun.2005.02.002","article-title":"Three-year results of a randomized, double-blind, controlled trial of mycophenolate mofetil vs. azathioprine in cardiac transplant recipients","volume":"24","author":"Eisen","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Heart Lung Transplant Off Publ Int Soc Heart Transplant."},{"key":"B120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"875","DOI":"10.1007\/s00228-007-0328-y","article-title":"New onset of atrial fibrillation after introduction of azathioprine in ulcerative colitis: case report and review of the literature","volume":"63","author":"Cassinotti","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Pharmacol."},{"key":"B121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1177\/039463201102400131","article-title":"Recurrent atrial fibrillation in a patient with ulcerative colitis treated with azathioprine: case report and review of the literature","volume":"24","author":"Riccioni","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol."},{"key":"B122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"706","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.291.6497.706","article-title":"Fast atrial fibrillation induced by treatment of psoriasis with azathioprine","volume":"291","author":"Dodd","year":"1985","journal-title":"Br Med J Clin Res Ed."},{"key":"B123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1049","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.291.6501.1049-a","article-title":"Fast atrial fibrillation induced by azathioprine","volume":"291","author":"Murphy","year":"1985","journal-title":"Br Med J Clin Res Ed."},{"key":"B124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cellsig.2011.08.007","article-title":"Rate and irregularity of electrical activation during atrial fibrillation affect myocardial NGF expression via different signalling routes","volume":"24","author":"Saygili","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cell Signal."},{"key":"B125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2019.01.041","article-title":"An open-label, randomized trial indicates that everolimus with tacrolimus or cyclosporine is comparable to standard immunosuppression in de novo kidney transplant patients","volume":"96","author":"Sommerer","year":"2019","journal-title":"Kidney Int."},{"key":"B126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1110","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199410273311702","article-title":"A comparison of tacrolimus (FK 506) and cyclosporine for immunosuppression in liver transplantation","volume":"331","year":"1994","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"B127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"724","DOI":"10.1038\/hr.2014.79","article-title":"Tacrolimus-induced hypertension and nephrotoxicity in Fawn-Hooded rats are attenuated by dual inhibition of renin\u2013angiotensin system","volume":"37","author":"Ho\u0161kov\u00e1","year":"2014","journal-title":"Hypertens Res."},{"key":"B128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharep.2015.08.012","article-title":"Cyclosporine-A, but not tacrolimus significantly increases reactivity of vascular smooth muscle cells","volume":"68","author":"Grze\u015bk","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pharmacol Rep PR."},{"key":"B129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2005.05.029","article-title":"The role of endothelin in FK506-induced vascular reactivity changes in rat perfused kidney","volume":"517","author":"Tekes","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmacol."},{"key":"B130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1016\/S1053-2498(98)00060-6","article-title":"A randomized, multicenter comparison of tacrolimus and cyclosporine immunosuppressive regimens in cardiac transplantation: decreased hyperlipidemia and hypertension with tacrolimus","volume":"18","author":"Taylor","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Heart Lung Transplant Off Publ Int Soc Heart Transplant."},{"key":"B131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1755","DOI":"10.1097\/00007890-199712270-00023","article-title":"Prednisone withdrawal 14 days after liver transplantation with mycophenolate: a prospective trial of cyclosporine and tacrolimus","volume":"64","author":"Stegall","year":"1997","journal-title":"Transplantation."},{"key":"B132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.500030101","article-title":"Evolution of cardiovascular risk after liver transplantation: a comparison of cyclosporine A and tacrolimus (FK506)","volume":"3","author":"Canzanello","year":"1997","journal-title":"Liver Transplant Surg Off Publ Am Assoc Study Liver Dis Int Liver Transplant Soc."},{"key":"B133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1097\/FJC.0000000000001187","article-title":"Pharmacological inhibition of mammalian target of rapamycin attenuates deoxycorticosterone acetate salt\u2013induced hypertension and related pathophysiology: regulation of oxidative stress, inflammation, and cardiovascular hypertrophy in male rats","volume":"79","author":"Temiz-Resitoglu","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Pharmacol."},{"key":"B134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E201","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00497.2011","article-title":"Activation of mTOR\/p70S6 kinase by ANG II inhibits insulin-stimulated endothelial nitric oxide synthase and vasodilation","volume":"302","author":"Kim","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab."},{"key":"B135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1263","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201911-2137OC","article-title":"Loss of DP1 aggravates vascular remodeling in pulmonary arterial hypertension via mTORC1 signaling","volume":"201","author":"He","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med."},{"key":"B136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.23736\/S2724-6507.21.03382-0","article-title":"The mTOR-inhibitor everolimus reduces hypervolemia in patients with primary aldosteronism","volume":"20","author":"Trinh","year":"2021","journal-title":"Minerva Endocrinol."},{"key":"B137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"781","DOI":"10.1097\/TP.0000000000002445","article-title":"Blood Pressure in De Novo Heart Transplant Recipients Treated With Everolimus Compared With a Cyclosporine-based Regimen: Results From the Randomized SCHEDULE Trial","volume":"103","author":"Andreassen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Transplantation."},{"key":"B138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"632","DOI":"10.1086\/674311","article-title":"Everolimus in patients with severe pulmonary hypertension: a safety and efficacy pilot trial","volume":"3","author":"Seyfarth","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pulm Circ."},{"key":"B139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1736","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms18081736","article-title":"Hypertension Caused by Lenvatinib and everolimus in the treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma","volume":"18","author":"Bendtsen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci."},{"key":"B140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"s17","DOI":"10.1177\/096120330501400105","article-title":"Adhesion molecules, mycophenolate mofetil and systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"1","author":"Lewis","year":"2005","journal-title":"Lupus."},{"key":"B141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e005394","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.116.005394","article-title":"Immunosuppression with mycophenolate mofetil attenuates hypertension in an experimental model of autoimmune disease","volume":"6","author":"Taylor","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc."},{"key":"B142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"F616","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.00507.2006","article-title":"Mycophenolate mofetil administration reduces renal inflammation, oxidative stress, and arterial pressure in rats with lead-induced hypertension","volume":"293","author":"Bravo","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Renal Physiol."},{"key":"B143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2018.00578","article-title":"Mycophenolate mofetil attenuates DOCA-salt hypertension: effects on vascular tone","volume":"9","author":"Moes","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Physiol."},{"key":"B144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"F38","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.2001.281.1.F38","article-title":"Mycophenolate mofetil prevents salt-sensitive hypertension resulting from nitric oxide synthesis inhibition","volume":"281","author":"Quiroz","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Renal Physiol."},{"key":"B145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S218","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2006080918","article-title":"Mycophenolate mofetil treatment improves hypertension in patients with psoriasis and rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"17","author":"Herrera","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol JASN"},{"key":"B146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1107","DOI":"10.1038\/ajh.2009.125","article-title":"Immunosuppression improves blood pressure and endothelial function in a rat model of pregnancy-induced hypertension","volume":"22","author":"Tinsley","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Hypertens."},{"key":"B147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.202003-0473LE","article-title":"The effects of mercaptopurine on pulmonary vascular resistance and BMPR2 expression in pulmonary arterial hypertension","volume":"202","author":"Botros","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med."},{"key":"B148","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-5273(86)90181-6","article-title":"The contrasting effects of cyclosporin-A and azathioprine on arterial blood pressure and renal function following cardiac transplantation","volume":"11","author":"Thompson","year":"1986","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol."},{"key":"B149","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1347","DOI":"10.1016\/S0025-7125(05)70587-3","article-title":"Cyclosporine-induced hypertension in cardiac transplantation","volume":"81","author":"Ventura","year":"1997","journal-title":"Med Clin North Am."},{"key":"B150","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1053\/jlts.2000.9737","article-title":"Posttransplantation hypertension related to calcineurin inhibitors","volume":"6","author":"Textor","year":"2000","journal-title":"Liver Transplant Off Publ Am Assoc Study Liver Dis Int Liver Transplant Soc."},{"key":"B151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1007\/s00424-020-02470-6","article-title":"Inhibition of big-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channels in cerebral artery (vascular) smooth muscle cells is a major novel mechanism for tacrolimus-induced hypertension","volume":"473","author":"Tang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pflugers Arch."},{"key":"B152","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27915","DOI":"10.1038\/srep27915","article-title":"Calcineurin inhibitors cyclosporine A and tacrolimus induce vascular inflammation and endothelial activation through TLR4 signaling","volume":"6","author":"Rodrigues-Diez","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci Rep."},{"key":"B153","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.150.2.280","article-title":"Cyclosporine-associated hypertension","volume":"150","author":"Porter","year":"1990","journal-title":"National High Blood Pressure Education Program Arch Intern Med."},{"key":"B154","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"930","DOI":"10.1002\/clc.4960191206","article-title":"Heart transplantation\u2013an update","volume":"19","author":"Blum","year":"1996","journal-title":"Clin Cardiol."},{"key":"B155","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/0735-1097(93)90814-H","article-title":"24th Bethesda conference: Cardiac transplantation","volume":"22","author":"Miller","year":"1993","journal-title":"Task Force 5: Complications J Am Coll Cardiol."},{"key":"B156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1097\/01.TP.0000074360.62032.39","article-title":"Long-term improvement in renal function with sirolimus after early cyclosporine withdrawal in renal transplant recipients: 2-year results of the Rapamune Maintenance Regimen Study","volume":"76","author":"Oberbauer","year":"2003","journal-title":"Transplantation."},{"key":"B157","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1178","DOI":"10.1016\/j.transproceed.2009.02.045","article-title":"Immunosuppressive Agents and Metabolic Factors of Cardiovascular Risk in Renal Transplant Recipients","volume":"41","author":"Sessa","year":"2009","journal-title":"Transplant Proc."},{"key":"B158","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2047","DOI":"10.2165\/00003495-200464180-00004","article-title":"Effect of immunosuppressive agents on long-term survival of renal transplant recipients","volume":"64","author":"Boots","year":"2004","journal-title":"Drugs."},{"key":"B159","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00335340","article-title":"Chronic rejection of rat aortic allograft. II Administration of cyclosporin induces accelerated allograft arteriosclerosis","volume":"4","author":"Mennander","year":"1991","journal-title":"Transpl Int Off J Eur Soc Organ Transplant."},{"key":"B160","first-page":"341","article-title":"Cyclosporine-induced endothelialitis and accelerated arteriosclerosis in chronic allograft rejection","volume":"24","author":"Mennander","year":"1992","journal-title":"Transplant Proc."},{"key":"B161","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"957","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.23.6.957","article-title":"Cyclosporine produces endothelial dysfunction by increased production of superoxide","volume":"23","author":"Diederich","year":"1994","journal-title":"Hypertens Dallas Tex"},{"key":"B162","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvq028","article-title":"Cyclosporine A-induced nitration of tyrosine 34 MnSOD in endothelial cells: role of mitochondrial superoxide","volume":"87","author":"Redondo-Horcajo","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Res."},{"key":"B163","first-page":"III100","article-title":"Prevalence of accelerated coronary artery disease in heart transplant survivors. comparison of cyclosporine and azathioprine regimens","volume":"80","author":"Gao","year":"1989","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"B164","first-page":"743","article-title":"The prognostic impact of immunosuppression and cellular rejection on cardiac allograft vasculopathy: time for a reappraisal","volume":"16","author":"Mehra","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Heart Lung Transplant Off Publ Int Soc Heart Transplant."},{"key":"B165","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"767","DOI":"10.1002\/clc.4960200911","article-title":"The risk of coronary artery disease after heart transplantation is increased in patients receiving low-dose cyclosporine, regardless of blood cyclosporine levels","volume":"20","author":"Gamba","year":"1997","journal-title":"Clin Cardiol."},{"key":"B166","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1518","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1755.1999.00366.x","article-title":"Effects of FK506 in rat and human resistance arteries","volume":"55","author":"De Lima","year":"1999","journal-title":"Kidney Int."},{"key":"B167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9149(99)00631-1","article-title":"Cyclosporine vs. tacrolimus (FK 506) for prevention of cardiac allograft vasculopathy","volume":"85","author":"Klauss","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol."},{"key":"B168","first-page":"775","article-title":"European multicenter tacrolimus (FK506) Heart Pilot Study: one-year results\u2013European tacrolimus multicenter heart study group","volume":"17","author":"Reichart","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Heart Lung Transplant Off Publ Int Soc Heart Transplant."},{"key":"B169","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1016\/S1053-2498(01)00471-5","article-title":"Tacrolimus excels cyclosporine a in prevention of cardiac allograft vasculopathy\u2014a prospective IVUS, angiography and doppler study","volume":"21","author":"Koglin","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Heart Lung Transplant."},{"key":"B170","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvm103","article-title":"Rapamycin modulates the eNOS vs. shear stress relationship","volume":"78","author":"Cheng","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Res."},{"key":"B171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"953","DOI":"10.1016\/S0041-1345(98)00107-9","article-title":"High local production of nitric oxide as a possible mechanism by which rapamycin prevents transplant arteriosclerosis","volume":"30","author":"Pham","year":"1998","journal-title":"Transplant Proc."},{"key":"B172","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2277","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI119038","article-title":"Rapamycin inhibits vascular smooth muscle cell migration","volume":"98","author":"Poon","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Clin Invest."},{"key":"B173","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.76.3.412","article-title":"Rapamycin-FKBP inhibits cell cycle regulators of proliferation in vascular smooth muscle cells","volume":"76","author":"Marx","year":"1995","journal-title":"Circ Res."},{"key":"B174","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-291X(03)00343-7","article-title":"Rapamycin inhibits E2F-dependent expression of minichromosome maintenance proteins in vascular smooth muscle cells","volume":"303","author":"Bruemmer","year":"2003","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun."},{"key":"B175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000070421.38604.2B","article-title":"Use of rapamycin slows progression of cardiac transplantation vasculopathy","volume":"108","author":"Mancini","year":"2003","journal-title":"Circulation."},{"key":"B176","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"827","DOI":"10.1097\/TP.0b013e318166a3a4","article-title":"Asymmetric dimethylarginine and cardiac allograft vasculopathy progression: modulation by sirolimus","volume":"85","author":"Potena","year":"2008","journal-title":"Transplantation."},{"key":"B177","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2414","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-6143.2011.03697.x","article-title":"Immunosuppressant regimen based on sirolimus decreases aortic stiffness in renal transplant recipients in comparison to cyclosporine","volume":"11","author":"Joannid\u00e8s","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Transplant Off J Am Soc Transplant Am Soc Transpl Surg."},{"key":"B178","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2213","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0b013e32830ef940","article-title":"Switch of immunosuppression from cyclosporine A to everolimus: impact on pulse wave velocity in stable de-novo renal allograft recipients","volume":"26","author":"Seckinger","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Hypertens."},{"key":"B179","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.103.2.192","article-title":"Lack of neointimal proliferation after implantation of sirolimus-coated stents in human coronary arteries: a quantitative coronary angiography and three-dimensional intravascular ultrasound study","volume":"103","author":"Sousa","year":"2001","journal-title":"Circulation."},{"key":"B180","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.108.144147","article-title":"Everolimus inhibits monocyte\/macrophage migration in vitro and their accumulation in carotid lesions of cholesterol-fed rabbits","volume":"328","author":"Baetta","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther."},{"key":"B181","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2012.03.003","article-title":"Effect of everolimus on pre-existing atherosclerosis in LDL-receptor deficient mice","volume":"222","author":"Beutner","year":"2012","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis."},{"key":"B182","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2007.09.019","article-title":"Prevention of atherosclerosis by the mTOR inhibitor everolimus in LDLR\u2013\/\u2013 mice despite severe hypercholesterolemia","volume":"198","author":"Mueller","year":"2008","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis."},{"key":"B183","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"847","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa022171","article-title":"Everolimus for the prevention of allograft rejection and vasculopathy in cardiac-transplant recipients","volume":"349","author":"Eisen","year":"2003","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"key":"B184","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1050","DOI":"10.1111\/ajt.15141","article-title":"Circulating delta-like Notch ligand 1 is correlated with cardiac allograft vasculopathy and suppressed in heart transplant recipients on everolimus-based immunosuppression","volume":"19","author":"Norum","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Transplant Off J Am Soc Transplant Am Soc Transpl Surg."},{"key":"B185","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1321","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(95)92534-1","article-title":"European Mycophenolate Mofetil cooperative study group","volume":"345","year":"1995","journal-title":"Lancet Lond Engl."},{"key":"B186","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1097\/00007890-199808270-00016","article-title":"A randomized active-controlled trial of mycophenolate mofetil in heart transplant recipients","volume":"66","author":"Kobashigawa","year":"1998","journal-title":"Mycophenolate Mofetil Investigators Transplantation."},{"key":"B187","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.0000251162.14782.d4","article-title":"Mycophenolate acid inhibits endothelial NAD(P)H oxidase activity and superoxide formation by a rac1-dependent mechanism","volume":"49","author":"Kr\u00f6tz","year":"2007","journal-title":"Hypertension."},{"key":"B188","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"939","DOI":"10.1007\/s00701-010-0865-5","article-title":"6-Mercaptopurine reverses experimental vasospasm and alleviates the production of endothelins in NO-independent mechanism-a laboratory study","volume":"153","author":"Chang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Acta Neurochir (Wien)."},{"key":"B189","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1591","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.110.205674","article-title":"6-mercaptopurine inhibits atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein e*3-leiden transgenic mice through atheroprotective actions on monocytes and macrophages","volume":"30","author":"Pols","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol."},{"key":"B190","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/S0049-3848(98)00199-6","article-title":"Azathioprine and 6-mercaptopurine alter the nucleotide balance in endothelial cells","volume":"94","author":"Weigel","year":"1999","journal-title":"Thromb Res."},{"key":"B191","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S187","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healun.2004.03.009","article-title":"Cardiac allograft vasculopathy after heart transplantation: risk factors and management","volume":"23","author":"Valantine","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Heart Lung Transplant Off Publ Int Soc Heart Transplant."},{"key":"B192","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"773","DOI":"10.1097\/00007890-199709150-00020","article-title":"Arteritis and increased intracellular calcium as a possible mechanism for tacrolimus-related cardiac toxicity in a pediatric transplant recipient","volume":"64","author":"Atkison","year":"1997","journal-title":"Transplantation."},{"key":"B193","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.2174\/1570161033386772","article-title":"Allograft-induced proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells: potential targets for treating transplant vasculopathy","volume":"1","author":"Autieri","year":"","journal-title":"Curr Vasc Pharmacol"},{"key":"B194","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1038\/cmi.2014.24","article-title":"Effect of everolimus on the immunomodulation of the human neutrophil inflammatory response and activation","volume":"12","author":"Vitiello","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cell Mol Immunol."},{"key":"B195","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.01.040","article-title":"mTOR inhibition: a promising strategy for stabilization of atherosclerotic plaques","volume":"233","author":"Martinet","year":"2014","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis."},{"key":"B196","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1038\/nrcardio.2010.14","article-title":"New drug-eluting stent concepts","volume":"7","author":"Wessely","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cardiol."},{"key":"B197","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"726","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1349-7006.2007.00439.x","article-title":"Rapamycin, a specific inhibitor of the mammalian target of rapamycin, suppresses lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic metastasis","volume":"98","author":"Kobayashi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cancer Sci."},{"key":"B198","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"771","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ki.5002112","article-title":"Inhibition of the mammalian target of rapamycin impedes lymphangiogenesis","volume":"71","author":"Huber","year":"2007","journal-title":"Kidney Int."},{"key":"B199","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1007\/s40262-017-0582-9","article-title":"Pharmacokinetic optimization of everolimus dosing in oncology: a randomized crossover trial","volume":"57","author":"Verheijen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacokinet."},{"key":"B200","first-page":"3205","article-title":"Preferential suppression of lymphocyte proliferation by mycophenolic acid and predicted long-term effects of mycophenolate mofetil in transplantation","volume":"26","author":"Allison","year":"1994","journal-title":"Transplant Proc."},{"key":"B201","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"787","DOI":"10.1007\/s00011-019-01262-8","article-title":"Macrophage lipid accumulation in the presence of immunosuppressive drugs mycophenolate mofetil and cyclosporin A","volume":"68","author":"Voloshyna","year":"2019","journal-title":"Inflamm Res Off J Eur Histamine Res Soc Al."},{"key":"B202","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"700","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-6386(12)80355-6","article-title":"The adverse impact of cyclosporine on serum lipids in renal transplant recipients","volume":"17","author":"Kasiske","year":"1991","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis Off J Natl Kidney Found."},{"key":"B203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.262.1.53","article-title":"Effects of cyclosporine therapy on plasma lipoprotein levels","volume":"262","author":"Ballantyne","year":"1989","journal-title":"JAMA."},{"key":"B204","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2008.03.026","article-title":"Cyclosporine A and Rapamycin induce in vitro cholesteryl ester transfer protein activity, and suppress lipoprotein lipase activity in human plasma","volume":"358","author":"Tory","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int J Pharm."},{"key":"B205","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"720","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.1991.266","article-title":"Decreased postheparin lipolytic activity in renal transplant recipients with cyclosporin A","volume":"40","author":"Derfler","year":"1991","journal-title":"Kidney Int."},{"key":"B206","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1097\/00007890-199409000-00005","article-title":"Cyclosporine increases the oxidizability of low-density lipoproteins in renal transplant recipients","volume":"58","author":"Apanay","year":"1994","journal-title":"Transplantation."},{"key":"B207","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3791","DOI":"10.1016\/j.transproceed.2005.10.068","article-title":"Effect of calcineurin inhibitors on low-density lipoprotein oxidation","volume":"37","author":"Cofan","year":"2005","journal-title":"Transplant Proc."},{"key":"B208","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1160\/TH09-07-0502","article-title":"Low- but not high-dose FK506 treatment confers atheroprotection due to alternative macrophage activation and unaffected cholesterol levels","volume":"104","author":"Bai","year":"2010","journal-title":"Thromb Haemost."},{"key":"B209","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1612","DOI":"10.1016\/j.transproceed.2011.03.015","article-title":"Dyslipidemia in human kidney transplant recipients receiving cyclosporine and tacrolimus is associated with different expression of CD36 on peripheral blood monocytes","volume":"43","author":"Jiang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Transplant Proc."},{"key":"B210","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2311","DOI":"10.1016\/j.transproceed.2006.06.125","article-title":"New onset dyslipidemia after renal transplantation: is there a difference between tacrolimus and cyclosporine?","volume":"38","author":"Deleuze","year":"2006","journal-title":"Transplant Proc."},{"key":"B211","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.1097\/00007890-199409000-00006","article-title":"The effect of FK506 vs. cyclosporine on glucose and lipid metabolism\u2013a randomized trial","volume":"58","author":"Steinm\u00fcller","year":"1994","journal-title":"Transplantation."},{"key":"B212","first-page":"1121","article-title":"Hyperlipidemia after liver transplantation: long-term results of the FK506\/cyclosporine A US multicenter trial","volume":"27","author":"Abouljoud","year":"1995","journal-title":"US Multicenter Study Group Transplant Proc."},{"key":"B213","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1292","DOI":"10.1016\/S0041-1345(98)00246-2","article-title":"Lipoprotein patterns in renal transplant patients: a comparison between FK 506 and cyclosporine a patients","volume":"30","author":"Claesson","year":"1998","journal-title":"Transplant Proc."},{"key":"B214","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0146777","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0146777","article-title":"Rapamycin inhibits oxidized low density lipoprotein uptake in human umbilical vein endothelial cells via mTOR\/NF-\u03baB\/LOX-1 pathway","volume":"11","author":"Zhou","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS One."},{"key":"B215","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1113\/EP087737","article-title":"Stimulation of autophagy improves vascular function in the mesenteric arteries of type 2 diabetic mice","volume":"105","author":"Choi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Exp Physiol."},{"key":"B216","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"H2721","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.01174.2006","article-title":"Anti-atherosclerotic effects of sirolimus on human vascular smooth muscle cells","volume":"292","author":"Ma","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol."},{"key":"B217","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1262","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI61919","article-title":"Regulation of hepatic LDL receptors by mTORC1 and PCSK9 in mice","volume":"122","author":"Ai","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Clin Invest."},{"key":"B218","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1272","DOI":"10.1097\/00007890-199805150-00023","article-title":"Hyperlipidemia in renal transplant recipients treated with sirolimus (rapamycin)","volume":"65","author":"Brattstr\u00f6m","year":"1998","journal-title":"Transplantation."},{"key":"B219","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2783","DOI":"10.1016\/S0041-1345(00)01884-4","article-title":"Apolipoprotein CIII is upregulated by anticalcineurins and rapamycin: implications in transplantation-induced dyslipidemia","volume":"32","author":"Tur","year":"2000","journal-title":"Transplant Proc."},{"key":"B220","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1640","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.20707","article-title":"Safety, tolerability, and efficacy of everolimus in de novo liver transplant recipients: 12- and 36-month results","volume":"12","author":"Levy","year":"2006","journal-title":"Liver Transplant Off Publ Am Assoc Study Liver Dis Int Liver Transplant Soc."},{"key":"B221","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1384","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-6143.2008.02272.x","article-title":"Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Inhibitor Dyslipidemia in Kidney Transplant Recipients","volume":"8","author":"Kasiske","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Transplant."},{"key":"B222","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2013.07.007","article-title":"Everolimus therapy is associated with reduced lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-Pla2) activity and oxidative stress in heart transplant recipients","volume":"230","author":"Rosing","year":"2013","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis."},{"key":"B223","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1159","DOI":"10.1097\/TP.0b013e31821774bd","article-title":"Prospective study of everolimus with calcineurin inhibitor-free immunosuppression in maintenance heart transplant patients: results at 2 years","volume":"91","author":"Engelen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Transplantation."},{"key":"B224","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"622","DOI":"10.1007\/s43440-020-00090-6","article-title":"Changes in PCSK9 and LDL cholesterol concentrations by everolimus treatment and their effects on polymorphisms in PCSK9 and mTORC1","volume":"72","author":"Sato","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pharmacol Rep PR."},{"key":"B225","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"961","DOI":"10.1016\/S0041-1345(98)00111-0","article-title":"Effect of Mycophenolate Mofetil on Atherosclerosis in a Rabbit Model: Initial Histologic and Immunohistochemical Analyses 11Supported by Roche, Inc (Nutley, NJ)","volume":"30","author":"Schreiber","year":"1998","journal-title":"Transplant Proc."},{"key":"B226","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1007\/s11255-007-9266-y","article-title":"Correlation between lipid abnormalities and immunosuppressive therapy in renal transplant recipients with stable renal function","volume":"40","author":"Perrea","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int Urol Nephrol."},{"key":"B227","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1608","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.1997.221","article-title":"Conversion from cyclosporine A to azathioprine treatment improves LDL oxidation in kidney transplant recipients","volume":"51","author":"van den Dorpel","year":"1997","journal-title":"Kidney Int."},{"key":"B228","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/j.transproceed.2006.10.210","article-title":"Lipid profile during azathioprine or mycophenolate mofetil combinations with cyclosporine and steroids","volume":"39","author":"Akman","year":"2007","journal-title":"Transplant Proc."},{"key":"B229","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1012","DOI":"10.1016\/S0025-6196(12)64916-7","article-title":"Cyclosporine, low-density lipoprotein, and cholesterol","volume":"63","author":"de Groen","year":"1988","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc."},{"key":"B230","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510240325","article-title":"Cyclosporine inhibits catabolism of low-density lipoproteins in HepG2 cells by about 25%","volume":"24","author":"Rayyes","year":"1996","journal-title":"Hepatology."},{"key":"B231","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"678","DOI":"10.1016\/0026-0495(93)90232-D","article-title":"Low-density lipoprotein metabolism in rats treated with cyclosporine","volume":"42","author":"L\u00f3pez-Miranda","year":"1993","journal-title":"Metabolism."},{"key":"B232","unstructured":"Chapter 25\u2014Cyclosporin A-Induced Dyslipidemia and LDL Receptors32333\n            KockxM\n            KritharidesL\n          \n            PatelVB\n          The Molecular Nutrition of Fats [Internet]. Academic Pr2019"},{"key":"B233","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1097\/00007890-200101270-00019","article-title":"RAPAMUNE Global Study Group. A worldwide, phase III, randomized, controlled, safety and efficacy study of a sirolimus\/cyclosporine regimen for prevention of acute rejection in recipients of primary mismatched renal allografts","volume":"71","author":"MacDonald","year":"2001","journal-title":"Transplantation."},{"key":"B234","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1007\/s12265-016-9719-8","article-title":"Sirolimus therapy is associated with elevation in circulating PCSK9 levels in cardiac transplant patients","volume":"10","author":"Simha","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Transl Res."},{"key":"B235","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"626","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-6143.2004.00389.x","article-title":"Everolimus with optimized cyclosporine dosing in renal transplant recipients: 6-month safety and efficacy results of two randomized studies","volume":"4","author":"Vitko","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Transplant Off J Am Soc Transplant Am Soc Transpl Surg."},{"key":"B236","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trre.2014.08.003","article-title":"mTOR inhibitors and dyslipidemia in transplant recipients: A cause for concern?","volume":"29","author":"Holdaas","year":"2015","journal-title":"Transplant Rev."},{"key":"B237","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S76","DOI":"10.1097\/01.TP.0000162434.62591.F3","article-title":"Concentration-controlled everolimus (Certican): combination with reduced dose calcineurin inhibitors","volume":"79","author":"Pascual","year":"2005","journal-title":"Transplantation."},{"key":"B238","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2317","DOI":"10.1111\/ajt.12852","article-title":"Risk of metabolic complications in kidney transplantation after conversion to mTOR inhibitor: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"14","author":"Murakami","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Transplant."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fcvm.2022.981838\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,21]],"date-time":"2022-09-21T11:04:02Z","timestamp":1663758242000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fcvm.2022.981838\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,21]]},"references-count":238,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fcvm.2022.981838"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fcvm.2022.981838","relation":{},"ISSN":["2297-055X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2297-055X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,21]]},"article-number":"981838"}}