{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T00:55:30Z","timestamp":1778633730144,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,14]],"date-time":"2023-02-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1676332800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cardiovasc. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>Non-invasive assessment of aortic hemodynamics using four dimensional (4D) flow magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provides new information on blood flow patterns and wall shear stress (WSS). Aortic valve stenosis (AS) and\/or bicuspid aortic valves (BAV) are associated with altered aortic flow patterns and elevated WSS. Aim of this study was to investigate changes in aortic hemodynamics over time in patients with AS and\/or BAV with or without aortic valve replacement.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We rescheduled 20 patients for a second 4D flow MRI examination, whose first examination was at least 3\u2009years prior. A total of 7 patients received an aortic valve replacement between baseline and follow up examination (=operated group\u2009=\u2009OP group). Aortic flow patterns (helicity\/vorticity) were assessed using a semi-quantitative grading approach from 0 to 3, flow volumes were evaluated in 9 planes, WSS in 18 and peak velocity in 3 areas.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>While most patients had vortical and\/or helical flow formations within the aorta, there was no significant change over time. Ascending aortic forward flow volumes were significantly lower in the OP group than in the NOP group at baseline (NOP 69.3\u2009mL\u2009\u00b1\u200914.2\u2009mL vs. OP 55.3\u2009mL\u2009\u00b1\u20091.9\u2009mL <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.029). WSS in the outer ascending aorta was significantly higher in the OP group than in the NOP group at baseline (NOP 0.6\u2009\u00b1\u20090.2\u2009N\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> vs. OP 0.8\u2009\u00b1\u20090.2\u2009N\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.008). Peak velocity decreased from baseline to follow up in the aortic arch only in the OP group (1.6\u2009\u00b1\u20090.6\u2009m\/s vs. 1.2\u2009\u00b1\u20090.3\u2009m\/s, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.018).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Aortic valve replacement influences aortic hemodynamics. The parameters improve after surgery.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2023.1071643","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,14]],"date-time":"2023-02-14T18:54:48Z","timestamp":1676400888000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Changes of aortic hemodynamics after aortic valve replacement\u2014A four dimensional flow cardiovascular magnetic resonance follow up study"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Stephanie","family":"Wiesemann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ralf Felix","family":"Trauzeddel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ahmed","family":"Musa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Hickstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Mayr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Florian","family":"von Knobelsdorff-Brenkenhoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emilie","family":"Bollache","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Markl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jeanette","family":"Schulz-Menger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0224121","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0224121","article-title":"Comparison of 4D flow MRI to 2D flow MRI in the pulmonary arteries in healthy volunteers and patients with pulmonary hypertension","volume":"14","author":"Sieren","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLoS 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