{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T15:15:05Z","timestamp":1790694905741,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,16]],"date-time":"2023-02-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1676505600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000274","name":"British Heart Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CH\/16\/1\/32013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CH\/16\/1\/32013"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000274","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000274","name":"British Heart Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FS\/19\/65\/34692"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FS\/19\/65\/34692"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000274","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000272","name":"National Institute for Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000272","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000649","name":"Lady Margaret Hall, University of Oxford","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000649","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cardiovasc. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients with a history of COVID-19 infection are reported to have cardiac abnormalities on cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) during convalescence. However, it is unclear whether these abnormalities were present during the acute COVID-19 illness and how they may evolve over time.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We prospectively recruited unvaccinated patients hospitalized with acute COVID-19 (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200923), and compared them with matched outpatient controls without COVID-19 (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200919) between May 2020 and May 2021. Only those without a past history of cardiac disease were recruited. We performed in-hospital CMR at a median of 3\u2009days (IQR 1\u20137\u2009days) after admission, and assessed cardiac function, edema and necrosis\/fibrosis, using left and right ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF, RVEF), T1-mapping, T2 signal intensity ratio (T2SI), late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) and extracellular volume (ECV). Acute COVID-19 patients were invited for follow-up CMR and blood tests at 6\u2009months.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The two cohorts were well matched in baseline clinical characteristics. Both had normal LVEF (62\u2009\u00b1\u20097 vs. 65\u2009\u00b1\u20096%), RVEF (60\u2009\u00b1\u20096 vs. 58\u2009\u00b1\u20096%), ECV (31\u2009\u00b1\u20093 vs. 31\u2009\u00b1\u20094%), and similar frequency of LGE abnormalities (16 vs. 14%; all <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&amp;gt;\u20090.05). However, measures of acute myocardial edema (T1 and T2SI) were significantly higher in patients with acute COVID-19 when compared to controls (T1\u2009=\u20091,217\u2009\u00b1\u200941\u2009ms vs. 1,183\u2009\u00b1\u200922\u2009ms; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.002; T2SI\u2009=\u20091.48\u2009\u00b1\u20090.36 vs. 1.13\u2009\u00b1\u20090.09; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.001). All COVID-19 patients who returned for follow up (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200912) at 6\u2009months had normal biventricular function, T1 and T2SI.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Unvaccinated patients hospitalized for acute COVID-19 demonstrated CMR imaging evidence of acute myocardial edema, which normalized at 6\u2006months, while biventricular function and scar burden were similar when compared to controls. Acute COVID-19 appears to induce acute myocardial edema in some patients, which resolves in convalescence, without significant impact on biventricular structure and function in the acute and short-term. Further studies with larger numbers are needed to confirm these findings.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2023.1097974","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,16]],"date-time":"2023-02-16T10:34:52Z","timestamp":1676543692000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Acute changes in myocardial tissue characteristics during hospitalization in patients with COVID-19"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Mayooran","family":"Shanmuganathan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rafail A.","family":"Kotronias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew 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