{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T11:57:51Z","timestamp":1787831871184,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,7]],"date-time":"2023-07-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1688688000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Key Research and Development Projects of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021YFC2500500, 2021YFC2500504, 2022YFC3602400, 2022YFC3602404"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021YFC2500500, 2021YFC2500504, 2022YFC3602400, 2022YFC3602404"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cardiovasc. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To compare the clinical efficacy of covered stents and bare-metal stents in the endovascular treatment of subclavian artery occlusive disease.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Between January 2014 and December 2020, 161 patients (112 males) underwent stenting of left subclavian arteries; CSs were implanted in 55 patients (34.2%) and BMSs in 106 (65.8%). Thirty-day outcomes, mid-term patency, and follow-up results were analyzed with Kaplan-Meier curves. Relevant clinical, anatomical, and procedural factors were evaluated for their association with patency in the two groups using Cox proportional hazards regression.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Mean follow-up was 45\u2009\u00b1\u200918 months. The primary patency was 93.8% (95% CI, 81.9%\u201398.0%) in the covered stent group and 73.7% (95% CI, 63.2%\u201381.6%; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.010) in the bare-metal stent group. The primary patency in the total occlusion subcategory was significant in favor of CS (93.3%, 95% CI, 61.26%\u201399.0%) compared with BMS (42.3%, 95% CI, 22.9%\u201360.5%; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.005). Cox proportional hazards regression indicated that the use of BMSs [hazard ratio (HR), 4.90; 95% CI, 1.47\u201316.31; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.010] and total occlusive lesions (HR, 7.03; 95% CI, 3.02\u201316.34; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.001) were negative predictors of patency, and the vessel diameter (HR, 3.17; 95% CI, 1.04\u20139.71; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.043)) was a positive predictor of patency.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Compared with bare stents, covered stents have a higher midterm primary patency in the treatment of subclavian artery occlusive disease.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2023.1194043","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,7]],"date-time":"2023-07-07T14:00:54Z","timestamp":1688738454000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Outcomes of covered stents versus bare-metal stents for subclavian artery occlusive 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