{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T00:50:01Z","timestamp":1790211001431,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":131,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,8]],"date-time":"2023-11-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1699401600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cardiovasc. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common clinical arrhythmia disorder. It can easily lead to complications such as thromboembolism, palpitations, dizziness, angina, heart failure, and stroke. The disability and mortality rates associated with AF are extremely high, significantly affecting the quality of life and work of patients. With the deepening of research into the brain-heart connection, the link between AF and stroke has become increasingly evident. AF is now categorized as either Known Atrial Fibrillation (KAF) or Atrial Fibrillation Detected After Stroke (AFDAS), with stroke as the baseline. This article, through a literature review, briefly summarizes the current pathogenesis of KAF and AFDAS, as well as the status of their clinical pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments. It has been found that the existing treatments for KAF and AFDAS have limited efficacy and are often associated with significant adverse reactions and a risk of recurrence. Moreover, most drugs and treatment methods tend to focus on a single mechanism pathway. For example, drugs targeting ion channels primarily modulate ion channels and have relatively limited impact on other pathways. This limitation underscores the need to break away from the \u201cone disease, one target, one drug\/measurement\u201d dogma for the development of innovative treatments, promoting both drug and non-drug therapies and significantly improving the quality of clinical treatment. With the increasing refinement of the overall mechanisms of KAF and AFDAS, a deeper exploration of physiological pathology, and comprehensive research on the brain-heart relationship, it is imperative to shift from long-term symptom management to more precise and optimized treatment methods that are effective for almost all patients. We anticipate that drugs or non-drug therapies targeting the central nervous system and upstream pathways can guide the simultaneous treatment of multiple downstream pathways in AF, thereby becoming a new breakthrough in AF treatment research.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2023.1270452","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,9]],"date-time":"2023-11-09T16:14:46Z","timestamp":1699546486000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Research on atrial fibrillation mechanisms and prediction of therapeutic prospects: focus on the autonomic nervous system upstream pathways"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Jingjie","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bangqi","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peng","family":"Qin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yupei","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ziyi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yameng","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1067","DOI":"10.21037\/cdt-21-201","article-title":"Acupuncture as an adjunctive therapy for arrhythmia: a Delphi expert consensus survey","volume":"11","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Diagn Ther"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1038\/nrcardio.2014.118","article-title":"Global epidemiology of atrial fibrillation","volume":"11","author":"Rahman","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cardiol"},{"key":"B3","volume-title":"China cardiovascular health and disease report 2020 (Chinese version)","year":"2021"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000011640","article-title":"Atrial fibrillation detected after stroke and increased risk of death","volume":"96","author":"Sposato","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2094","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.007825","article-title":"Temporal relationship between subclinical atrial fibrillation and embolic events","volume":"129","author":"Brambatti","year":"2014","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1180","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000000265","article-title":"Poststroke atrial fibrillation: cause or consequence? 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