{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T15:50:05Z","timestamp":1753890605012,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,15]],"date-time":"2024-01-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1705276800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cardiovasc. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Echocardiography-guided percutaneous intramyocardial alginate-hydrogel implantation (PIMAHI) is a novel treatment approach for heart failure (HF). We validated PIMAHI safety and efficacy in canine HF models.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Fourteen canines with HF [produced by coronary artery ligation, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF)\u2009&amp;lt;\u200935%] were randomised to PIMAHI treatment (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20098) or controls (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20096). Echocardiography, two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography, and pathological examinations after a 6-month follow-up were performed. Repeated-measures analysis of variance was used for within-group comparisons.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>At 6-month follow-up, PIMAHI treatment reversed LV dilation and remodelling, increasing LV free wall thickness (LVFW, <jats:italic>p\u2009<\/jats:italic>=\u20090.002) and interventricular septum thickness (IVS, <jats:italic>p\u2009<\/jats:italic>&amp;lt;\u20090.001) and reducing LV end-diastolic volume (EDV, <jats:italic>p\u2009<\/jats:italic>=\u20090.008) and end-systolic volume (ESV, <jats:italic>p\u2009<\/jats:italic>=\u20090.004). PIMAHI significantly improved LV systolic function, increasing LVEF (EF, <jats:italic>p\u2009<\/jats:italic>=\u20090.004); enhanced LV myocardial contractility, including increased LV global longitudinal strain (GLS, <jats:italic>p\u2009<\/jats:italic>&amp;lt;\u20090.001), global circumferential strain (GCS, <jats:italic>p\u2009<\/jats:italic>=\u20090.006), and mitral annulus displacement (MAD, <jats:italic>p\u2009<\/jats:italic>=\u20090.001). Compared with controls at 6-month, PIMAHI group significantly increased LVFW thickness (8.5\u2009\u00b1\u20090.3 vs. 6.8\u2009\u00b1\u20090.2\u2005mm, <jats:italic>p\u2009<\/jats:italic>=\u20090.002) and IVS (7.9\u2009\u00b1\u20090.1 vs. 6.1\u2009\u00b1\u20090.2\u2005mm, <jats:italic>p\u2009<\/jats:italic>&amp;lt;\u20090.001); decreased LVEDV (30.1\u2009\u00b1\u20091.6 vs. 38.9\u2009\u00b1\u20094.5\u2005ml, <jats:italic>p\u2009<\/jats:italic>=\u20090.049) and ESV (17.3\u2009\u00b1\u20091.2 vs. 28.7\u2009\u00b1\u20093.6\u2005ml, <jats:italic>p\u2009<\/jats:italic>=\u20090.004); increased LV systolic function (42.7\u2009\u00b1\u20091.5 vs. 26.7\u2009\u00b1\u20091.1% in EF, <jats:italic>p\u2009<\/jats:italic>=\u20090.001); and enhanced LV myocardial contractility including GLS (13.5\u2009\u00b1\u20090.8 vs. 8.4\u2009\u00b1\u20090.6%, <jats:italic>p\u2009<\/jats:italic>=\u20090.002), GCS (16.5\u2009\u00b1\u20091.4 vs. 9.2\u2009\u00b1\u20090.6%, <jats:italic>p\u2009<\/jats:italic>=\u20090.001), and MAD (11.4\u2009\u00b1\u20093.5vs 4.6\u2009\u00b1\u20092.5\u2005mm, <jats:italic>p\u2009<\/jats:italic>=\u20090.003). During PIMAHI treatment, no sustained arrhythmia, pericardial, or pleural effusion occurred.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>PIMAHI in canine HF models was safe and effective. It reversed LV dilation and improved LV function.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2024.1320315","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,15]],"date-time":"2024-01-15T04:36:15Z","timestamp":1705293375000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Echocardiography-guided percutaneous intramyocardial alginate hydrogel implants for heart failure: canine models with 6-month outcomes"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Hui","family":"Ma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wenqing","family":"Gong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D. 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