{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T04:49:52Z","timestamp":1791348592228,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":143,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,27]],"date-time":"2024-08-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1724716800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cardiovasc. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Optimizing endurance exercise intensity prescription is crucial to maximize the clinical benefits and minimize complications for individuals at risk for or with cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, standardization remains incomplete due to variations in clinical guidelines. This review provides a practical and updated guide for health professionals on how to prescribe endurance exercise intensity for cardiovascular rehabilitation (CR) populations, addressing international guidelines, practical applicability across diverse clinical settings and resource availabilities. In the context of CR, cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) is considered the gold standard assessment, and prescription based on ventilatory thresholds (VTs) is the preferable methodology. In settings where this approach isn't accessible, which is frequently the case in low-resource environments, approximating VTs involves combining objective assessments\u2014ideally, exercise tests without gas exchange analyses, but at least alternative functional tests like the 6-minute walk test\u2014with subjective methods for adjusting prescriptions, such as Borg's ratings of perceived exertion and the Talk Test. Therefore, enhancing exercise intensity prescription and offering personalized physical activity guidance to patients at risk for or with CVD rely on aligning workouts with individual physiological changes. A tailored prescription promotes a consistent and impactful exercise routine for enhancing health outcomes, considering patient preferences and motivations. Consequently, the selection and implementation of the best possible approach should consider available resources, with an ongoing emphasis on strategies to improve the delivery quality of exercise training in the context of FITT-VP prescription model (frequency, intensity, time, type, volume, and progression).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2024.1380639","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,27]],"date-time":"2024-08-27T00:46:25Z","timestamp":1724719585000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"title":["Exercise intensity prescription in cardiovascular rehabilitation: bridging the gap between best evidence and clinical practice"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Juliana Goulart Prata Oliveira","family":"Milani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mauricio","family":"Milani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenneth","family":"Verboven","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"Jr","given":"Gerson","family":"Cipriano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dominique","family":"Hansen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-020-01392-8","article-title":"Critical reappraisal of the role and importance of exercise intervention in the treatment of obesity in adults","volume":"51","author":"Verboven","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sports Med"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2015.10.044","article-title":"Exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation for coronary heart disease: cochrane systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"67","author":"Anderson","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1430","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2018.12.072","article-title":"Impact of exercise rehabilitation on exercise capacity and quality-of-life in heart failure: individual participant meta-analysis","volume":"73","author":"Taylor","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1177\/2047487315604311","article-title":"Predictors of exercise capacity following exercise-based rehabilitation in patients with coronary heart disease and heart failure: a meta-regression analysis","volume":"23","author":"Uddin","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur J Prev Cardiol"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1180","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2021-105261","article-title":"Clinician approach to cardiopulmonary exercise testing for exercise prescription in patients at risk of and with cardiovascular disease","volume":"56","author":"D'Ascenzi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1093\/eurjpc\/zwab007","article-title":"Exercise intensity assessment and prescription in cardiovascular rehabilitation and beyond: why and how: a position statement from the secondary prevention and rehabilitation section of the European association of preventive cardiology","volume":"29","author":"Hansen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur J Prev Cardiol"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1986","DOI":"10.1093\/eurjpc\/zwad232","article-title":"Appropriate exercise prescription in primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease: why this skill remains to be improved among clinicians and healthcare professionals. 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