{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,25]],"date-time":"2026-07-25T05:37:33Z","timestamp":1784957853108,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,29]],"date-time":"2024-07-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1722211200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cardiovasc. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Clinical observations and epidemiological studies suggest a potential linkage between gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and arrhythmias, yet the underlying mechanism remains elusive. This study investigates the causal relationship between GERD and four types of arrhythmia through a genetic lens, employing Mendelian randomization analysis to elucidate the directionality of these associations.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Selected single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from genome-wide association study (GWAS) data were utilized as instrumental variables. The inverse variance weighting (IVW) method, MR-Egger regression analysis, and the weighted median method were employed in two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis. Horizontal pleiotropy was detected and corrected using the MR-PRESSO test and MR-Egger regression. The stability and reliability of the Mendelian randomization results were assessed using the leave-one-out method, Cochran's Q test, and funnel plots. The causal relationship between GERD and four types of arrhythmias was evaluated using the odds ratio (OR).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>IVW results indicated that GERD could increase the risk of arrhythmias. A one standard deviation increases in the logarithmically transformed GERD score resulted in a 34% increase in the risk of arrhythmia (OR\u2009=\u20091.34; 95% CI 1.19\u20131.51; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20091.66E-06). No significant correlation was found between GERD and other arrhythmias.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>A causal relationship exists between GERD and arrhythmias, suggesting that GERD increases the risk of developing these arrhythmias.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2024.1411784","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,29]],"date-time":"2024-07-29T04:53:27Z","timestamp":1722228807000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Gastroesophageal reflux disease and risk for arrhythmias: a Mendelian randomization 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