{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,28]],"date-time":"2025-09-28T06:52:32Z","timestamp":1759042352956,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,18]],"date-time":"2024-10-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1729209600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cardiovasc. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>COVID-19 vaccines are well tolerated and effective but may have adverse effects on the cardiovascular system. Vaccine-associated myocardial injury was analysed by measuring high-sensitive troponin T (hsTnT); mid-regional pro-adrenomedullin (MR-proADM) levels were evaluated to assess endothelial dysfunction.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This was a prospective study with a vulnerable population of healthcare workers (HCWs) and elderly patients (&amp;gt;70 years) who were vaccinated with either one dose of ChAdOx1 nCov-19 adenoviral vector vaccine (AZ) followed by one dose of the BNT162b2 messenger RNA vaccine (BNT), or with two doses of BNT (12th of January - 30th of November 2021). HsTnT and MR-proADM were measured in blood samples at three visits (V<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>: 1st immediately before vaccination; V<jats:sub>2, 3<\/jats:sub>: 3\u20134 weeks after 1st and 2nd vaccination). HsTnT of HCWs was compared to a healthy reference population.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009162 volunteers were included (V<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\u2009=\u2009161; V<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>, V<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\u2009=\u2009162 each). <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200974 (45.7%) received AZ\/BNT and <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200988 (54.3%) received BNT\/BNT [elderly: <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200920 (12.3%), HCWs: <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200968 (42.0%)]. Median hsTnT levels were 4\u2005ng\/L, 5\u2005ng\/L and 4\u2005ng\/L (V<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>-V<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>) for AZ\/BNT and at 5\u2005ng\/L, 6\u2005ng\/L and 6\u2005ng\/L (V<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>-V<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>) for BNT\/BNT. Compared to the reference population (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009300), hsTnT was significantly higher at all visits for both vaccination groups (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.01), without differences between the AZ\/BNT and BNT\/BNT cohort. Median MR-proADM values were 0.43\u2005nmol\/L, 0.45\u2005nmol\/L, 0.44\u2005nmol\/L (V<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>-V<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>) in the AZ\/BNT cohort and 0.49\u2005nmol\/L, 0.44\u2005nmol\/L, 0.47\u2005nmol\/L for BNT\/BNT, respectively. Change of median hsTnT and MR-proADM between visits did not show significant increases. One HCW experienced a permanent and three a transient hsTnT increase \u226514\u2005ng\/L.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>No overall subtle, persistent cardiovascular involvement was observed after the 2nd COVID-19 vaccination. Elevated cardiovascular biomarkers in clinically asymptomatic individuals need further investigations.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2024.1435038","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,18]],"date-time":"2024-10-18T04:41:23Z","timestamp":1729226483000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Levels of high-sensitive troponin T and mid-regional pro-adrenomedullin after COVID-19 vaccination in vulnerable groups: monitoring cardiovascular safety of COVID-19 vaccination"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Samipa","family":"Pudasaini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ngoc 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