{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T04:11:59Z","timestamp":1787026319982,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,19]],"date-time":"2024-12-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1734566400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cardiovasc. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Women with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) often experience worse clinical outcomes compared to men, including higher rates of mortality, hospitalization, and congestion. However, the effects of sacubitril\/valsartan on these outcomes, as well as on ventricular tachyarrhythmias, have not been well studied in women with HFrEF.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study included consecutive series of patients treated with sacubitril\/valsartan at University Hospital Mannheim from 2016 to 2020. Baseline and follow-up data were compared between women and men. The endpoints included all-cause mortality, ventricular tachyarrhythmias, all-cause hospitalization, and congestion.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 246 patients were analyzed, comprising 50 (20.3%) women and 196 (79.7%) men. The study population consisted of 34.3% ambulatory patients and 65.7% hospitalized patients admitted for acute decompensated or symptomatic HF. The sex distribution was as follows: among women, 48.6% were ambulatory and 51.4% were hospitalized, while among men, 30.6% were ambulatory and 69.4% were hospitalized. Ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM) was less common as a cause of heart failure (HF) in women than in men (32% vs. 57.7%,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.001). During the 12-month follow-up, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) improved more significantly in women than in men, increasing from 29.0% (10.0\u201345.0) to 40.0% (15.0\u201359.0) in women (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.009) compared to an increase from 28.0% (3.0\u201365.0) to 33.0% (13.0\u201360.0) in men. There were no significant differences in all-cause mortality at 12-month between women and men (4% vs. 6.7%;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.742). The results indicated no significant differences between the sexes in the incidence of ventricular tachyarrhythmias [ventricular fibrillation [VF] and sustained ventricular tachycardia [VT]] (4.5% vs. 0.6%;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.121) (2.3% vs. 3.9%;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20091.00), hospitalizations (70.2% vs. 67.8%;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.769), congestion at 12-month follow-up (11.4% vs. 10.1%;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.762). Female sex was not identified as a predictor for the occurrence of ventricular tachyarrhythmias or mortality rate at 12 months [hazard ratio (HR), 0.586; 95%-confidence interval (CI) 0.17\u20132.016;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.397] (HR, 1.898; 95%-CI 0.381\u20139.464;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.434).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Women with HFrEF treated with sacubitril\/valsartan showed a greater improvement in LVEF compared to men, though clinical outcomes were similar across sexes. Female sex was not a predictor of ventricular tachyarrhythmias or mortality at 12 months.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2024.1503414","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,19]],"date-time":"2024-12-19T01:24:35Z","timestamp":1734571475000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Sex differences and clinical outcomes, including ventricular tachyarrhythmias, of patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction treated with 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