{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]],"date-time":"2026-01-12T11:23:00Z","timestamp":1768216980148,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]],"date-time":"2026-01-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768176000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cardiovasc. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Relationship between systemic inflammation and aortic valve stenosis (AVS) has been well demonstrated. This investigation aimed to evaluate the link between various inflammation hematological ratios and patients with AVS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Patients with AVS (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009229) and control (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20091716) were identified. Propensity score matching (PSM) was performed with the proportion of 1:1 using logistic regression based on the variables of age, sex, hypertension, diabetes, creatinine (Cr) and glutamate transpeptidase (\u03b3-GT). The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to estimate the performance of inflammation hematological ratios for distinguishing AVS. Univariate and multivariate analysis were performed to identify the independent risk factors of AVS. In addition, restricted cubic splines (RCS) regression analysis revealed the non-linear correlation between inflammation hematological ratios and AVS.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      After PSM, 392 patients (196:196) were included. Univariate analysis showed monocyte\/high density lipoprotein ratio (MHR) and neutrophil\/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) were significantly higher in AVS group (MHR, 0.49\u2009\u00b1\u20090.23 vs 0.32\u2009\u00b1\u20090.20,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.001, NLR, 3.52\u2009\u00b1\u20092.52 vs 2.87\u2009\u00b1\u20091.89,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.001) while lymphocyte\/monocyte ratio (LMR) was significantly lower (3.27\u2009\u00b1\u20091.72 vs 4.08\u2009\u00b1\u20091.76,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.001). But the level of platelet\/lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and systemic inflammation index (SII) (PLR, 146.27\u2009\u00b1\u200982.68 vs 143.27\u2009\u00b1\u200966.95,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.927, SII, 690.22\u2009\u00b1\u2009602.69 vs 610.58\u2009\u00b1\u2009403.33,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.100) did not differ significantly between the two groups. However, in multivariate logistic regression models, only MHR remained to be an independent risk factor of AVS (OR 2.010 with 95%CI 1.040-3.887,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.038). Besides MHR, atrial fibrillation (AF), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglycerides (TG) and hemoglobin (Hgb) were also performed to be independent risk factors of AVS. ROC analysis showed that the cut-off value of MHR (0.2750) indicated AVS with 85.2% sensitivity and 51.5% specificity [95% confidence interval [CI]\u2009=\u20090.691\u20130.788, the area under the curve [AUC]\u2009=\u20090.740,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.001]. Further, RCS revealed the non-linear correlation between MHR and AVS (p for non-linearity &amp;lt;0.001).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Elevated MHR was independently associated with the presence of AVS. MHR demonstrated stronger associational strength with AVS compared to other inflammatory hematological ratios such as SII, NLR, PLR and LMR.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2025.1482313","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]],"date-time":"2026-01-12T08:11:06Z","timestamp":1768205466000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Association between inflammatory hematological ratios and aortic valve stenosis: a propensity-matched analysis"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Xin","family":"Gong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Min","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Liang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shangwei","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bijun","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tian","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lianghua","family":"Xia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jianqiang","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","first-page":"55","article-title":"Aortic stenosis: guidelines and evidence gaps","volume":"38","author":"Harris","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cardiol Clin"},{"key":"B2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Pathophysiology of aortic stenosis and future perspectives for medical therapy","volume":"38","author":"Zheng","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cardiol Clin"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"488","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2018.01.020","article-title":"Management of patients with aortic valve stenosis","volume":"93","author":"Kanwar","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1143","DOI":"10.2217\/fca-2020-0140","article-title":"The current diagnosis and treatment of patients with aortic valve stenosis","volume":"17","author":"Henning","year":"2021","journal-title":"Future Cardiol"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1927","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehad142","article-title":"Dyslipidemia, inflammation, calcification, and adiposity in aortic stenosis: a genome-wide study","volume":"44","author":"Yu Chen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"760","DOI":"10.1001\/jamacardio.2022.0987","article-title":"Lipoprotein(a) and its significance in cardiovascular disease: a review","volume":"7","author":"Lau","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA Cardiol"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1449","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehad055","article-title":"Lipoprotein(a) is linked to atherothrombosis and aortic valve stenosis independent of C-reactive protein","volume":"44","author":"Thomas","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3395","DOI":"10.12659\/MSM.894774","article-title":"Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio may predict the severity of calcific aortic stenosis","volume":"21","author":"Akdag","year":"2015","journal-title":"Med Sci Monit"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1111\/echo.15044","article-title":"The relationship between calcific severe aortic stenosis and systemic immune-inflammation index","volume":"38","author":"Erdo\u011fan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Echocardiography"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e024091","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.121.024091","article-title":"Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratios in patients undergoing aortic valve replacement: the PARTNER trials and registries","volume":"11","author":"Shahim","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.2217\/bmm-2015-0016","article-title":"The association between platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio and inflammatory markers with the severity of aortic stenosis","volume":"10","author":"Yayla","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biomark Med"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1160\/TH14-10-0861","article-title":"Blood coagulation and fibrinolysis in aortic valve stenosis: links with inflammation and calcification","volume":"114","author":"Natorska","year":"2015","journal-title":"Thromb Haemost"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2018.07.026","article-title":"Inflammation in aortic stenosis: shaping the biomarkers network","volume":"274","author":"Schiattarella","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1329","DOI":"10.2217\/bmm-2020-0228","article-title":"Lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio in predicting the calcific aortic valve stenosis in a Chinese case-control study","volume":"14","author":"Ma","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biomark Med"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1307","DOI":"10.3906\/sag-2006-60","article-title":"Association between monocyte to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio and bicuspid aortic valve degeneration","volume":"50","author":"Duran Karaduman","year":"2020","journal-title":"Turk J Med Sci"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e84","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.176857","article-title":"ACC\/AHA 2006 guidelines for the management of patients with valvular heart disease: a report of the American College of Cardiology\/American Heart Association task force on practice guidelines (writing committee to revise the 1998 guidelines for the management of patients with valvular heart disease): developed in collaboration with the society of cardiovascular anesthesiologists: endorsed by the society for cardiovascular angiography and interventions and the society of thoracic surgeons","volume":"114","author":"Bonow","year":"2006","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2018.08.029","article-title":"Inflammatory and metabolic mechanisms underlying the calcific aortic valve disease","volume":"277","author":"Cho","year":"2018","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1765","DOI":"10.1007\/s40520-020-01681-2","article-title":"The role of inflammation and metabolic risk factors in the pathogenesis of calcific aortic valve stenosis","volume":"33","author":"Conte","year":"2021","journal-title":"Aging Clin Exp Res"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2015.02.001","article-title":"The lipid theory in the pathogenesis of calcific aortic stenosis","volume":"25","author":"Parisi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1395","DOI":"10.3390\/life13061395","article-title":"The role of \u00abnovel\u00bb biomarkers of systemic inflammation in the development of early hospital events after aortic valve replacement in patients with aortic stenosis","volume":"13","author":"Shvartz","year":"2023","journal-title":"Life (Basel)"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1154","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjci\/jead132","article-title":"Aortic stenosis: new insights into predicting disease progression","volume":"24","author":"Alzubi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmg.2022.10.009","article-title":"Aortic stenosis progression: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"16","author":"Willner","year":"2023","journal-title":"JACC Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1536\/ihj.18-196","article-title":"Predictive roles of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and C-reactive protein in patients with calcific aortic valve disease","volume":"60","author":"Song","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int Heart J"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1031","DOI":"10.1111\/echo.12534","article-title":"The relationship between neutrophil\/lymphocyte ratio and calcific aortic stenosis","volume":"31","author":"Avci","year":"2014","journal-title":"Echocardiography"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2016.08.260","article-title":"Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) can risk stratify patients in transcatheter aortic-valve replacement (TAVR)","volume":"223","author":"Condado","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.4103\/1735-1995.192509","article-title":"Predictive value of platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio in severe degenerative aortic valve stenosis","volume":"21","author":"Edem","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Res Med Sci"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"588","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina57060588","article-title":"Prognostic value of systemic immune-inflammation index for major adverse cardiac events and mortality in severe aortic stenosis patients after TAVI","volume":"57","author":"Tosu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Medicina (Kaunas)"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1177\/0003319717704748","article-title":"Elevated monocyte to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio and endothelial dysfunction in Beh\u00e7et disease","volume":"69","author":"Acikgoz","year":"2018","journal-title":"Angiology"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"769217","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2021.769217","article-title":"Monocyte\/high-density lipoprotein ratio predicts the prognosis of large artery atherosclerosis ischemic stroke","volume":"12","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1002\/lipd.12276","article-title":"The monocyte to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio in the prediction for atherosclerosis: a retrospective study in adult Chinese participants","volume":"56","author":"Zhou","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lipids"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14378","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms241814378","article-title":"Assessment of inflammatory hematological ratios (NLR, PLR, MLR, LMR and monocyte\/HDL-cholesterol ratio) in acute myocardial infarction and particularities in young patients","volume":"24","author":"Tudurachi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1186\/s12944-021-01462-4","article-title":"Compared with the monocyte to high-density lipoprotein ratio (MHR) and the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), the neutrophil to high-density lipoprotein ratio (NHR) is more valuable for assessing the inflammatory process in Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"20","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lipids Health Dis"},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1097\/MCA.0000000000001198","article-title":"Inflammation in coronary artery disease-clinical implications of novel HDL-cholesterol-related inflammatory parameters as predictors","volume":"34","author":"Guo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Coron Artery Dis"},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.4149\/BLL_2020_021","article-title":"Monocyte to high-density lipoprotein ratio: a prognostic factor for mitral valve prolapse?","volume":"121","author":"Abacioglu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Bratisl Lek Listy"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5153","DOI":"10.26355\/eurrev_202108_26529","article-title":"Monocyte-to-high density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio as a predictor of mortality in patients with transcatheter aortic valve replacement","volume":"25","author":"Karahan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci"},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.24875\/ACM.21000127","article-title":"Evaluation of inflammation markers in mitral valve prolapse","volume":"92","author":"Yalim","year":"2022","journal-title":"Arch Cardiol Mex"},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1186\/s12944-022-01638-6","article-title":"Monocyte-to-high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol ratio (MHR) and the risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality: a nationwide cohort study in the United States","volume":"21","author":"Jiang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lipids Health Dis"},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1186\/s12944-022-01741-8","article-title":"The blood monocyte to high density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (MHR) is a possible marker of carotid artery plaque","volume":"21","author":"Xi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lipids Health Dis"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2506","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvab273","article-title":"Innate and adaptive immunity: the understudied driving force of heart valve disease","volume":"117","author":"Bartoli-Leonard","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Res"},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"851945","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/851945","article-title":"Innate and adaptive immunity in calcific aortic valve disease","volume":"2015","author":"Mathieu","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Immunol Res"},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1975","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehq237","article-title":"Arterial and aortic valve calcification inversely correlates with osteoporotic bone remodelling: a role for inflammation","volume":"31","author":"Hjortnaes","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"408","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2015.05.010","article-title":"Nutrition and atherosclerosis","volume":"46","author":"Torres","year":"2015","journal-title":"Arch Med Res"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2015.00222","article-title":"Antioxidant properties of HDL","volume":"6","author":"Soran","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3925","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehac361","article-title":"Lipoprotein(a) in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and aortic stenosis: a European atherosclerosis society consensus statement","volume":"43","author":"Kronenberg","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3913","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehaa070","article-title":"Plasma lipids and risk of aortic valve stenosis: a Mendelian randomization study","volume":"41","author":"Nazarzadeh","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2134","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcin.2020.06.028","article-title":"Atrial fibrillation and aortic stenosis: complex interactions between 2 diseases","volume":"13","author":"Iung","year":"2020","journal-title":"JACC Cardiovasc Interv"},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jjcc.2022.08.006","article-title":"Atrial fibrillation in patients with severe aortic stenosis","volume":"81","author":"Matsuda","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Cardiol"},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"771","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2021.11.055","article-title":"Atrial fibrillation in severe aortic stenosis: prognostic value and results of aortic valve replacement","volume":"166","author":"Kubala","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fcvm.2025.1482313\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]],"date-time":"2026-01-12T08:11:09Z","timestamp":1768205469000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fcvm.2025.1482313\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]]},"references-count":48,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fcvm.2025.1482313"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fcvm.2025.1482313","relation":{},"ISSN":["2297-055X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2297-055X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]]},"article-number":"1482313"}}