{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,11]],"date-time":"2025-09-11T19:51:05Z","timestamp":1757620265861,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,8]],"date-time":"2025-09-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757289600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cardiovasc. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Diabetes is closely associated with the occurrence and development of coronary atherosclerotic heart disease. Coronary atherosclerosis is often severe and diffuse in patients with diabetes. We investigated the incidence of coronary in-stent restenosis (ISR) and the rate of reaching the standard of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and unstable angina pectoris (UAP) treated with ezetimibe and rosuvastatin one year later.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We selected the first pair of UAP patients with T2DM who underwent coronary artery stent implantation at our hospital between October 2018 and February 2022. According to drug use, the patients were divided into the rosuvastatin group [61 cases, rosuvastatin 10\u2005mg\/qn (every night)] and the combined group [60 cases, ezetimibe 10\u2005mg\/qd (once daily) and rosuvastatin 10\u2005mg\/qn]. Biochemical indices, left ventricular ejection fraction, and left ventricular end-diastolic diameter were collected before and one year after the first percutaneous coronary intervention. We collected data on the incidence of ISR and the rate of reaching the standard of LDL-C one year after surgery. Emergency PCI or coronary artery bypass grafting, cardiac death, and non-fatal acute myocardial infarction due to unstable angina pectoris 30 days after coronary stent implantation and lipid-lowering treatment were regarded as the primary endpoints.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>After one year of follow-up, the incidence of in-stent restenosis(ISR), total cholesterol(TC), and LDL-C levels in the combined group[ISR, 3.33%; TC, 3.19\u2009\u00b1\u20090.75; LDL-C, 1.38(1.18\u20131.64)] were lower than those in the rosuvastatin group[ISR, 16.39% TC,C 3.84\u2009\u00b1\u20091.15; LDL-C, 1.92(1.52\u20132.61)] (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.05). The rate of reaching the standard of LDL-C in the combined group (65%, 95% CI 0.560\u20130.809) was higher than that in the rosuvastatin group(31%, 95% CI 0.210\u20130.446) (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.05). No significant difference in safety was observed between the two groups (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&amp;gt;\u20090.05). No endpoints were observed in the combined group.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Resuvastatin combined with ezetimibe can better prevent ISR and reduce the incidence of cardiovascular adverse events. In addition, ezetimibe combined with rosuvastatin better reduced LDL-C levels.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2025.1599313","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,8]],"date-time":"2025-09-08T05:27:03Z","timestamp":1757309223000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The incidence of coronary in-stent restenosis and the rate of reaching the standard of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and unstable angina pectoris treated with ezetimibe and rosuvastatin"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Fanhao","family":"Ye","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hao","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hebo","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)60657-2","article-title":"Percutaneous coronary interventional strategies for treatment of in-stent restenosis: a network meta-analysis","volume":"386","author":"Siontis","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1897","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2010.07.028","article-title":"In-stent restenosis in the drug-eluting stent era","volume":"56","author":"Dangas","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMx150039","article-title":"Paclitaxel-eluting versus everolimus-eluting coronary stents in diabetes","volume":"375","author":"Kaul","year":"2016","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1369","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-18-2482","article-title":"Prognostic value of RANKL\/ OPG serum levels and disseminated tumor cells in nonmetastatic breast cancer","volume":"25","author":"Rachner","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.4103\/jrms.JRMS_78_20","article-title":"Effect of sitagliptin on proteinuria in patients with type 2 diabetes \u2013 A renoprotective effect of sitagliptin","volume":"26","author":"Narimani","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Res Med Sci"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.4103\/jrms.JRMS_997_18","article-title":"The relationship between hemoglobin A1c levels and thrombus load in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction","volume":"26","author":"Topal","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Res Med Sci"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63038","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.18593","article-title":"Circulating miRNA-24 and its target YKL-40 as potential biomarkers in patients with coronary heart disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus","volume":"8","author":"Deng","year":"2017","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehz455","article-title":"2019 ESC\/EAS guidelines for the management of dyslipidaemias: lipid modification to reduce cardiovascular risk","volume":"41","author":"Fran\u00e7ois","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2659","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2014.02.545","article-title":"Current treatment of in-stent restenosis","volume":"63","author":"Alfonso","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3320","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehv511","article-title":"Stent thrombosis and restenosis: what have we learned and where are we going? 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