{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,2]],"date-time":"2026-04-02T03:33:20Z","timestamp":1775100800489,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":89,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,30]],"date-time":"2025-10-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761782400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cardiovasc. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Anxiety is highly prevalent among patients with heart failure (HF), negatively affecting health related quality of life (HRQOL). The Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) anxiety item bank computer adaptive testing (CAT) precisely assesses anxiety symptom severity. This study aims to assess construct validity and reliability of PROMIS-Anxiety CAT among patients hospitalized for HF.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A cross-sectional convenience sample of adult patients hospitalized for HF, who completed PROMIS-A CAT, generalized anxiety disorder 7 (GAD-7), and other questionnaires electronically. Convergent validity was assessed by Spearman's rank correlation between PROMIS-A CAT, GAD-7, and other legacy measures. Known group analysis compared PROMIS-A CAT and GAD-7 scores between groups expected to have different levels of anxiety. Reliability of PROMIS-A CAT was calculated on the individual and group level from standard error of measurement, according to item response theory. Area under receiver-operating characteristics (ROC) curve and Youden's J statistic were used to identify a\n                      <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic>\n                      -score cut-off for moderate\/severe anxiety.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Of 333 participants, 87 (26%) had moderate\/severe anxiety based on GAD-7 score (\u2265 10). Participants completed on average (median [IQR]) 4(1) vs. 7(0) items, with PROMIS-A CAT and GAD-7, respectively. PROMIS-A CAT\n                      <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic>\n                      -scores were strongly correlated with GAD-7 scores (rho\u2009=\u20090.78) and moderately correlated with other legacy measures. Known-group analysis provided further support for construct validity of PROMIS-A CAT. Individual reliability for PROMIS-A CAT\n                      <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic>\n                      -scores was &amp;gt;0.9 for 87% of the sample; mean reliability was 0.91. Based on ROC and Youden's J analyses, a\n                      <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic>\n                      -score of 60 can be used to identify individuals with moderate\/severe anxiety.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These results support the validity and reliability of PROMIS-A CAT among patients hospitalized for HF.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2025.1605130","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,30]],"date-time":"2025-10-30T06:22:42Z","timestamp":1761805362000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Validation of PROMIS anxiety item bank computer adaptive test among patients with heart failure"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Nolan","family":"Marblestone","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Steven","family":"Chu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nicole","family":"Tomei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Denzel","family":"Lodge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aarushi","family":"Bansal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nathaniel","family":"Edwards","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Heather J.","family":"Ross","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Josef","family":"Stehlik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Desana","family":"Thayaparan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jad","family":"Fadlallah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joshua G.","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Istvan","family":"Mucsi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","volume-title":"Heart Failure in Canada: Complex, Incurable, and on the Rise","year":"2022"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.21037\/cdt-20-302","article-title":"Pathophysiology of heart failure","volume":"11","author":"Schwinger","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Diagn Ther"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1097\/JCN.0000000000000265","article-title":"Prevalence and measurement of anxiety in samples of patients with heart failure: meta-analysis","volume":"31","author":"Easton","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Nurs"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.320.7229.236","article-title":"ABC of heart failure. 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