{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,6]],"date-time":"2026-01-06T06:47:39Z","timestamp":1767682059807,"version":"3.48.0"},"reference-count":120,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,6]],"date-time":"2026-01-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767657600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cardiovasc. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Arrhythmias in non-human animals offer insights into human electrophysiology, yet physicians may be unaware of their occurrence and significance. This paper presents selected examples of arrhythmias in dogs, horses, and birds\u2014 as an invitation to human cardiologists to explore how animal models can illuminate mechanisms, genetics, and therapeutic approaches relevant to human electrophysiology.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Leading veterinary cardiologists compiled overviews of common arrhythmias in dogs, cats, horses and birds. Genetic predisposition, natural history, therapeutic approaches, and epidemiology were compared across these species and humans, highlighting translational opportunities.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Common human arrhythmias including atrial fibrillation, bradycardia, ventricular tachycardia, and arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy occur naturally in dogs, cats, horses, and birds. Cross-species differences in disease expression provide unique insights into mechanisms of arrhythmia vulnerability and resistance. Dogs develop similar inherited arrhythmogenic diseases but with distinct phenotypes. Horses experience atrial fibrillation without thromboembolic complications, revealing potential protective pathways. They also demonstrate extreme exercise-induced arrhythmia susceptibility, isolating exercise as an arrhythmogenic trigger. Avian species exhibit remarkable adaptation to cardiac loading conditions that would be pathological in mammals. These comparative observations across species highlight novel mechanisms underlying both susceptibility and resistance to arrhythmias and conduction disorders, offering unexplored therapeutic targets for human patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cross-species knowledge offers direct translational value for human electrophysiology\u2014from genetic markers in Labrador Retrievers with supraventricular tachycardia to cardiac loading paradigms in broiler chickens. Breaking down disciplinary barriers through shared research initiatives and integrated training represents an essential, underutilized strategy for advancing arrhythmia diagnosis, treatment, and prevention in human patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2025.1652591","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,6]],"date-time":"2026-01-06T06:43:50Z","timestamp":1767681830000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Arrhythmias across the tree of life: comparative insights for human electrophysiology"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Barbara","family":"Natterson-Horowitz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kathy","family":"Wright","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Glenn","family":"Van Steenkiste","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Annelies","family":"Decloedt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Allison Lynne","family":"Gagnon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xinjiang","family":"Cai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alin","family":"Mazmanian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1517","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.15248","article-title":"Atrioventricular accessory pathways in 89 dogs: clinical features and outcomes after radiofrequency catheter ablation","volume":"32","author":"Wright","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Vet Intern Med"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2018.07.006","article-title":"Radiofrequency catheter ablation of accessory pathways in the dog: the Italian experience (2008\u20132016)","volume":"20","author":"Santilli","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Vet Cardiol"},{"key":"B3","volume-title":"Cardiology of the Horse","author":"Marr","year":"2010"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1515\/jvetres-2017-0013","article-title":"Prevalence of arrhythmias in dogs examined between 2008 and 2014","volume":"61","author":"Noszczyk-Nowak","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Vet Res"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105548","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2020.105548","article-title":"Canine atrial fibrillation: pathophysiology, epidemiology, and classification","volume":"265","author":"Pedro","year":"2020","journal-title":"Vet J"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1186\/s40575-019-0079-y","article-title":"Pedigree analysis of atrial fibrillation in Irish wolfhounds supports a high heritability with a dominant mode of inheritance","volume":"6","author":"Fousse","year":"2019","journal-title":"Canine Genet Epidemiol"},{"key":"B7","first-page":"151","article-title":"Epidemiology of atrial fibrillation in the dog","volume":"6","author":"Westling","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int J Appl Res Vet Med"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.15709","article-title":"Echocardiographic and electrocardiographic evaluation of north American Irish wolfhounds","volume":"34","author":"Tyrrell","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Vet Intern Med"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/S1760-2734(06)70055-8","article-title":"Comparison of primary mitral valve disease in German shepherd dogs and in small breeds","volume":"6","author":"Borgarelli","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Vet Cardiol"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1053\/tvjl.2000.0506","article-title":"Influence of left atrial enlargement and body weight on the development of atrial fibrillation: retrospective study on 205 dogs","volume":"160","author":"Guglielmini","year":"2000","journal-title":"Vet J"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2223","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.15927","article-title":"Prevalence and risk factors for atrial fibrillation in dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease","volume":"34","author":"Guglielmini","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Vet Intern Med"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1183689","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2023.1183689","article-title":"Risk factors for atrial fibrillation in dogs with dilated cardiomyopathy","volume":"10","author":"Guglielmini","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. 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