{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T08:35:53Z","timestamp":1790670953483,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,9]],"date-time":"2026-01-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767916800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cardiovasc. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The prognostic value of insulin resistance (IR) indices in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD) remains unclear. This study investigated the associations between four IR indices and major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCEs) in AAD patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We retrospectively analyzed 114 AAD patients from Henan Chest Hospital (December 2017-December 2023). Four IR indices were calculated: triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, TyG-BMI index, TG\/HDL-C ratio, and METS-IR. Multivariable logistic regression models were constructed to evaluate associations with MACCEs. Subgroup analyses were performed in male, hypertensive, diabetic, and smoking patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Among 114 patients (mean age 50.67\u2009\u00b1\u200912.49 years), 55 (48.2%) developed MACCEs. In fully adjusted models, only TyG index independently predicted MACCEs (OR\u2009=\u20092.46, 95% CI: 1.24\u20134.90,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.010). Subgroup analyses revealed robust associations in male patients (OR\u2009=\u20092.87, 95% CI: 1.24\u20136.65,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.014) and smokers (OR\u2009=\u20093.13, 95% CI: 1.05\u20139.31,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.040), but not in hypertensive patients.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>An elevated TyG index independently predicts MACCEs in AAD patients, particularly in males and smokers, and may support risk stratification and intensified follow-up in high-risk individuals.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2025.1737368","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,9]],"date-time":"2026-01-09T06:36:18Z","timestamp":1767940578000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Prognostic value of the triglyceride-glucose index for major adverse events in acute aortic dissection patients"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Bo","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanda","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Changwei","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rongyi","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanwei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Long","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"w14489","DOI":"10.4414\/smw.2017.14489","article-title":"Acute aortic dissection: pathogenesis, risk factors and diagnosis","volume":"147","author":"Gawinecka","year":"2017","journal-title":"Swiss Med Wkly"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2031","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.112.000483","article-title":"Population-based study of incidence and outcome of acute aortic dissection and premorbid risk factor control: 10-year results from the Oxford vascular study","volume":"127","author":"Howard","year":"2013","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1846","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.117.031264","article-title":"Insights from the international registry of acute aortic dissection: a 20-year experience of collaborative clinical research","volume":"137","author":"Evangelista","year":"2018","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"800","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)61005-9","article-title":"Management of acute aortic dissection","volume":"385","author":"Nienaber","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2806","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2012.07.008","article-title":"Acute aortic dissection: epidemiology and outcomes","volume":"167","author":"Pacini","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1038\/nrendo.2014.29","article-title":"Insulin resistance and hyperglycaemia in cardiovascular disease development","volume":"10","author":"Laakso","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat Rev Endocrinol"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.14.3.173","article-title":"Insulin resistance. A multifaceted syndrome responsible for NIDDM, obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease","volume":"14","author":"DeFronzo","year":"1991","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-018-0762-4","article-title":"Association between insulin resistance and the development of cardiovascular disease","volume":"17","author":"Ormazabal","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Diabetol"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"732122","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2021.732122","article-title":"Insulin resistance promotes the formation of aortic dissection by inducing the phenotypic switch of vascular smooth muscle cells","volume":"8","author":"Zheng","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Cardiovasc Med"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1089\/met.2008.0034","article-title":"The product of fasting glucose and triglycerides as surrogate for identifying insulin resistance in apparently healthy subjects","volume":"6","author":"Simental-Mend\u00eda","year":"2008","journal-title":"Metab Syndr Relat Disord"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-024-02256-5","article-title":"Insulin resistance assessed by estimated glucose disposal rate and risk of incident cardiovascular diseases among individuals without diabetes: findings from a nationwide, population based, prospective cohort study","volume":"23","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Diabetol"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6137","DOI":"10.21037\/jtd.2018.10.79","article-title":"Triglyceride glucose index for predicting cardiovascular outcomes in patients with coronary artery disease","volume":"10","author":"Jin","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Thorac Dis"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-022-01593-7","article-title":"High triglyceride-glucose index in young adulthood is associated with incident cardiovascular disease and mortality in later life: insight from the CARDIA study","volume":"21","author":"Xu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Diabetol"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"774781","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2021.774781","article-title":"Prognostic significance of triglyceride-glucose Index for adverse cardiovascular events in patients with coronary artery disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"8","author":"Luo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Cardiovasc Med"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1569","DOI":"10.2337\/dc18-1920","article-title":"Elevated TyG index predicts progression of coronary artery calcification","volume":"42","author":"Park","year":"2019","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-17-0883","article-title":"METS-IR, a novel score to evaluate insulin sensitivity, is predictive of visceral adiposity and incident type 2 diabetes","volume":"178","author":"Bello-Chavolla","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-022-01546-0","article-title":"Relationship between the triglyceride-glucose index and risk of cardiovascular diseases and mortality in the general population: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"21","author":"Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Diabetol"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2702","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.108.833004","article-title":"Diagnosis of acute aortic dissection by D-dimer: the international registry of acute aortic dissection substudy on biomarkers (IRAD-bio) experience","volume":"119","author":"Suzuki","year":"2009","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1591","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.13517","article-title":"Targeting vascular (endothelial) dysfunction","volume":"174","author":"Daiber","year":"2017","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1888","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.563213","article-title":"Reciprocal relationships between insulin resistance and endothelial dysfunction: molecular and pathophysiological mechanisms","volume":"113","author":"Kim","year":"2006","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"860","DOI":"10.1038\/nature05485","article-title":"Inflammation and metabolic disorders","volume":"444","author":"Hotamisligil","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-022-01658-7","article-title":"Triglyceride-glucose index and the risk of heart failure: evidence from two large cohorts and a mendelian randomization analysis","volume":"21","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Diabetol"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1053","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.37.4.1053","article-title":"Diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease: an update","volume":"37","author":"Sowers","year":"2001","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/j.genm.2009.02.002","article-title":"Gender differences in insulin resistance, body composition, and energy balance","volume":"6","author":"Geer","year":"2009","journal-title":"Gend Med"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2016-1146","article-title":"Menopausal hormone therapy and type 2 diabetes prevention: evidence, mechanisms, and clinical implications","volume":"38","author":"Mauvais-Jarvis","year":"2017","journal-title":"Endocr Rev"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1186\/s13293-017-0152-8","article-title":"The protective role of estrogen and estrogen receptors in cardiovascular disease and the controversial use of estrogen therapy","volume":"8","author":"Iorga","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biol Sex Differ"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1007\/s00392-006-0351-5","article-title":"Gender differences in the metabolic syndrome and their role for cardiovascular disease","volume":"95","author":"Regitz-Zagrosek","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Res Cardiol"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1016\/S0033-0620(03)80004-X","article-title":"Cigarette smoking and diabetes","volume":"45","author":"Eliasson","year":"2003","journal-title":"Prog Cardiovasc Dis"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1274","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-8703(91)90433-I","article-title":"Essential hypertension, metabolic disorders, and insulin resistance","volume":"121","author":"Ferrannini","year":"1991","journal-title":"Am Heart J"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fcvm.2025.1737368\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,9]],"date-time":"2026-01-09T06:36:19Z","timestamp":1767940579000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fcvm.2025.1737368\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,9]]},"references-count":29,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fcvm.2025.1737368"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fcvm.2025.1737368","relation":{},"ISSN":["2297-055X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2297-055X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,9]]},"article-number":"1737368"}}