{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,4]],"date-time":"2026-02-04T18:36:22Z","timestamp":1770230182961,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,4]],"date-time":"2026-02-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770163200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cardiovasc. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To develop a risk prediction model for left ventricular thrombus (LVT) formation in patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Patients and methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We performed a retrospective analysis of patients with STEMI in our hospital between October 2017 to October 2020. According to transthoracic echocardiography, these patients were included in the LVT group (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200950) or no-LVT group (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009130). Clinical data were collected from both groups. The comparison between groups, single-factor logistic regression analysis, Lasso regression analysis and multi-factor logistic regression analysis were performed successively to screen the risk factors and to establish risk prediction models. After evaluation and internal verification, we obtained an optimal risk prediction model. A nomogram was constructed to visualize the optimal model.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The risk prediction model contained seven variables including MCV (OR\u2009=\u20091.251, 95% CI\u2009=\u20091.021\u20131.531,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.030), D-Dimer (OR\u2009=\u20099.798, 95% CI\u2009=\u20092.630\u201336.503,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.001), CRP (OR\u2009=\u20091.033, 95% CI\u2009=\u20091.011\u20131.055,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.003), LVEF (OR\u2009=\u20090.903, 95% CI\u2009=\u20090.819\u20130.995,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.040), A wave velocity (OR\u2009=\u20090.044, 95% CI\u2009=\u20090.002\u20130.906,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.043), pericardial effusion (OR\u2009=\u200916.926, 95% CI\u2009=\u20092.767\u2013103.522,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.002) and anterior wall infarction (OR\u2009=\u200912.275, 95% CI\u2009=\u20092.136\u201370.548,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.005). The C-index value was 0.966 and the area under the ROC curve was 96.6% (95% CI\u2009=\u20090.9399\u20130.9914). Simple cross-validation, k-fold, leave-one-out, and bootstrap analyses were used to internally verify the model. The accuracy of the model were 0.926, 0.9, 0.9, and 0.899, and Kappa values were 0.807, 0.744, 0.744, and 0.739. The area under the ROC curve was 94.7%, as verified by bootstrapping.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>MCV, D-dimer level, CRP level, LVEF, A-wave velocity, pericardial effusion, and anterior wall infarction were independently related to the occurrence of LVT in STEMI at the acute stage. The multivariate logistic regression risk prediction model developed in this study demonstrates good discrimination and calibration, enabling preliminary risk stratification for LVT in patients with acute STEMI.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2026.1704792","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,4]],"date-time":"2026-02-04T06:36:48Z","timestamp":1770187008000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Development of a risk prediction model for left ventricular thrombosis in STEMI patients"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Jingjing","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Critical Care Medicine, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Ningxia Medical University","place":["Yinchuan, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ping","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease Hospital of General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University","place":["Yinchuan, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"QingBin","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease Hospital of General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University","place":["Yinchuan, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lan","family":"Hai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Fifth People's Hospital of Ningxia","place":["Shizuishan, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shichang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease Hospital of General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University","place":["Yinchuan, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e362","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0b013e3182742cf6","article-title":"2013 ACCF\/AHA guideline for the management of ST-elevation myocardial infarction: a report of the American College of Cardiology foundation\/American Heart Association task force on practice guidelines","volume":"127","author":"O'Gara","year":"2013","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2010.07.023","article-title":"Recent trends in the incidence, treatment, and outcomes fried of patients with STEMI and NSTEMI","volume":"124","author":"McManus","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehx393","article-title":"2017 ESC guidelines for the management of acute myocardial infarction in patients presenting with ST-segment elevation: the task force for the management of acute myocardial infarction in patients presenting with ST-segment elevation of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC)","volume":"39","author":"Ibanez","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1743","DOI":"10.1136\/heartjnl-2012-301962","article-title":"Left ventricular thrombus formation after acute myocardial infarction","volume":"98","author":"Delewi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Heart"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.84.2.512","article-title":"Left ventricular thrombus in anterior acute myocardial infarction after thrombolysis. 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