{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]],"date-time":"2026-04-13T06:46:41Z","timestamp":1776062801274,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]],"date-time":"2026-04-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776038400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cardiovasc. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>End-stage dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a common cause of end-stage heart failure, and some patients may eventually require heart transplantation. Such patients often need a left ventricular assist device (LVAD) as a bridge to heart transplantation, and those with severe aortic regurgitation may undergo concurrent aortic valve replacement. Paravalvular leak (PVL) is a complication following valve surgery that can lead to worsening heart failure; however, reports on transcatheter closure of PVL after LVAD implantation are rare.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Case summary<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This article reports the case of a 39-year-old male patient with DCM who underwent CorHeart 6 LVAD implantation, aortic bioprosthetic valve replacement, and tricuspid valvuloplasty due to end-stage heart failure. A follow-up echocardiogram 2 months post-surgery revealed a progressively worsening paravalvular leak around the aortic bioprosthetic valve (maximum regurgitant jet width 3.4\u2005mm, regurgitant jet area 20.5\u2005cm\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      ), accompanied by worsening symptoms of heart failure. Due to the extremely high risk of redo surgery (STS score 16.2%), a multidisciplinary team consisting of cardiac surgeons, interventional cardiologists, intensive care physicians, and echocardiographers decided to perform transcatheter closure. The procedure was successfully performed via a retrograde approach through the right femoral artery, guided by fluoroscopy combined with transthoracic echocardiography. A 10\u2009\u00d7\u20098\u2005mm ventricular septal defect occluder was used to successfully seal the leak. Intraoperative angiography and echocardiography confirmed the satisfactory position of the occluder with no residual shunt. At the 2-month and 6-month follow-up visits post-procedure, the patient's cardiac function had improved to NYHA class II, echocardiography showed no residual PVL, and the left ventricular dimensions were slightly reduced compared to previous measurements.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This case suggests that transcatheter closure may be a safe and effective treatment option for high-risk patients who develop PVL following LVAD implantation combined with aortic valve replacement, providing a reference for the individualized management of similar complex cases.<\/jats:p>\n                  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China"]},{"name":"Seventh People\u2019s Hospital of Zhengzhou","place":["Zhengzhou, Henan, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shen-wei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Seventh People\u2019s Hospital of Zhengzhou","place":["Zhengzhou, Henan, China"]},{"name":"Institute of Biological Therapy, Henan Academy of Innovations in Medical Science","place":["Zhengzhou, Henan, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"998","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(23)01241-2","article-title":"Dilated cardiomyopathy: causes, mechanisms, and current and future treatment 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