{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,23]],"date-time":"2026-02-23T07:07:08Z","timestamp":1771830428874,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,23]],"date-time":"2026-02-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771804800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cardiovasc. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To analyze and compare the efficacy and safety of cryoballoon catheter ablation (CBA) and radiofrequency ablation (RFA) in the first treatment of patients with persistent atrial fibrillation (PerAF).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>116 patients with PerAF who underwent the first-time catheter ablation were enrolled retrospectively, including 56 patients in CBA group and 60 patients in RFA group. The primary endpoint was symptomatic onset after 3 months of ablation or occurrence of atrial arrhythmia (ATA) with any documented duration more than 30\u2005s. The secondary endpoints were perioperative complications and re-ablation 3 month after procedure.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      No remarkable difference existed between CBA group and RFA group in the recurrence rate one year after operation (CBA 16.1% vs. RFA 23.3%,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.360). Additionally, the complication rates were similar between the two groups (CBA 25.0% vs. RFA 35.0%,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.312).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this real-world study, the effectiveness and overall safety of CBA and RFA in the treatment of PerAF were comparable.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2026.1769845","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,23]],"date-time":"2026-02-23T06:31:05Z","timestamp":1771828265000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Clinical comparison of cryoballoon ablation and radiofrequency ablation in the treatment of persistent atrial fibrillation"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Jiaxin","family":"Luan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University","place":["Xi'an, Shaanxi, China"]},{"name":"The Ninth Hospital of Xi'an","place":["Xi'an, Shaanxi, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xinyu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","place":["Xi'an, Shaanxi, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zixuan","family":"Meng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University","place":["Xi'an, Shaanxi, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jianqing","family":"She","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University","place":["Xi'an, Shaanxi, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rui","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heart Rhythm Center, Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospital, Guys and St Thomas\u2019 NHS Foundation Trust","place":["London, United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yixin","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University","place":["Xi'an, Shaanxi, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lihong","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University","place":["Xi'an, Shaanxi, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Department, First Affiliated 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