{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T19:09:51Z","timestamp":1791227391402,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777420800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cardiovasc. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Myocardial ischemia\u2013reperfusion injury (IRI) continues to impede the advancement of effective cardioprotective therapies. Experimental limitations, particularly the lack of accessible and cost-effective\n                      <jats:italic>ex vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                      platforms, restrict mechanistic and translational research. This study aimed to develop a simplified, resource-conscious proof-of-concept\n                      <jats:italic>ex vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                      rat heart perfusion model capable of inducing key features of myocardial IRI, rather than establishing a fully validated replacement for conventional Langendorff systems.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Twelve adult male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to a non-ischemic control group (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20096) or an IRI group (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20096). Following a 10\u2005min stabilization period, hearts in the IRI group underwent 30\u2005min of global ischemia using potassium-based Krebs\u2013Henseleit buffer (KHB) cardioplegic solution, followed by 60\u2005min of reperfusion. Control hearts received continuous perfusion without ischemic insult. Coronary flow was assessed to evaluate functional changes. Myocardial injury was quantified using triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining, and structural alterations were examined through histopathological analysis.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The IRI group demonstrated an approximately 4.7-fold reduction in coronary flow during early reperfusion, reflecting acute vascular dysfunction. TTC staining revealed significant infarct development compared to controls. Histopathological examination confirmed cardiomyocyte degeneration, cytoplasmic vacuolization, inflammatory cell infiltration, and interstitial edema. Functional impairment strongly correlated with structural myocardial injury, demonstrating consistent induction of myocardial injury within the experimental setting.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This simplified\n                      <jats:italic>ex vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                      model reproduces fundamental features of myocardial IRI within a resource-conscious framework. However, it should be interpreted as a proof-of-concept platform rather than a replacement for conventional Langendorff systems.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2026.1820520","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T05:54:08Z","timestamp":1777442048000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["A cost-effective proof-of-concept ex vivo perfusion model for myocardial ischemia\u2013reperfusion injury in wistar rats: enhancing accessibility in resource-constrained settings"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Sainath","family":"P","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Perfusion Technology, Manipal College of Health Professions, Manipal Academy of Higher Education","place":["Manipal, India"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shakta Mani","family":"Satyam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, RAK College of Medical Sciences, RAK Medical and Health Science University","place":["Ras al Khaimah, United Arab Emirates"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdul","family":"Rehman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathological Sciences, College of Medicine, Ajman University","place":["Ajman, United Arab Emirates"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sanjay","family":"Bharati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nuclear Medicine, Manipal College of Health Professions, Manipal Academy of Higher Education","place":["Manipal, India"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Prakashchandra","family":"Shetty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy, Manipal University College Malaysia","place":["Melaka, Malaysia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohamed","family":"El-Tanani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RAK College of Pharmacy, RAK Medical and Health Science University","place":["Ras al Khaimah, United Arab Emirates"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akheruz Zaman","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy, Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed Medical College, Srimanta Sankaradeva University of Health Sciences","place":["Assam, India"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rashmi","family":"Kumari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"A. 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