{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,9]],"date-time":"2026-06-09T13:57:34Z","timestamp":1781013454775,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,9]],"date-time":"2026-06-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780963200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cardiovasc. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>As a trace element, Selenium is essential for antioxidant defense and immune regulation; however, its influence on post-infarction heart failure (HF) remains underexplored.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The present study used a hybrid approach, combining a retrospective case-control analysis with\n                      <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                      mechanistic assays. Serum Selenium, inflammatory cytokines (TNF-\u03b1, IL-6), oxidative stress markers (MDA, SOD), and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) were assessed in 46 patients with post-infarction HF and 43 healthy controls. In parallel, H9C2 cardiomyocytes exposed to either lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or palmitic acid (PA) were assessed for inflammatory and fibrotic gene expression, with and without Selenium treatment.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      HF subjects had significantly lower Selenium and SOD levels than controls (all\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.05), and increased TNF-\u03b1, IL-6, and MDA. Selenium as an anti-inflammatory element was positively associated with LVEF and negatively associated with TNF-\u03b1, IL-6, and MDA.\n                      <jats:italic>In vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                      , Selenium was associated with decreased expression of pro-inflammatory (TNF-\u03b1, IL-1\u03b2 and IL-6) and pro-fibrotic (Collagen I, III, and\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>\n                      -SMA) genes during stress. Exploratory subgroup analysis suggested heterogeneous distributions of Selenium and oxidative stress markers across HF phenotypes, with the lowest Selenium levels observed in the HFmrEF subgroup.\n                      <jats:italic>In vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                      , Selenium reduced stress-induced expression of pro-inflammatory (TNF-a, IL-1b) and pro-fibrotic (Collagen I, Collagen III, a-SMA) genes.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Selenium deficiency was associated with greater inflammatory and oxidative stress burden in post-infarction HF.\n                      <jats:italic>In vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                      findings indicates that Selenium may contribute to cardiac injury via inflammation and fibrotic signaling. These data support serum Selenium as an exploratory biomarker for further study in HF and provide a rationale for future longitudinal and interventional research.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2026.1821567","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,9]],"date-time":"2026-06-09T12:57:49Z","timestamp":1781009869000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Association of serum selenium levels with inflammatory and oxidative stress markers in patients with post-infarction heart failure: an exploratory case-control study supported by in vitro mechanistic evidence"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Fabrice Yves","family":"Ndjana Lessomo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Department, Central Hospital of Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture","place":["Enshi, China"]},{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University","place":["Wuhan, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruiyang","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Gene Diagnosis, and Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University","place":["Wuhan, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingjing","family":"Wan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University","place":["Wuhan, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinbo","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Disease Center, Central Hospital of Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture","place":["Enshi, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuanhong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Disease Center, Central Hospital of Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture","place":["Enshi, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ye","family":"Mao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Department, Central Hospital of Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture","place":["Enshi, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liping","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Department, Central Hospital of Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture","place":["Enshi, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2129","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehw128","article-title":"2016 ESC guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure","volume":"37","author":"Ponikowski","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur Heart 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