{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T06:18:57Z","timestamp":1783491537506,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783468800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cardiovasc. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cardiovascular complications are increasingly recognized following chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy, yet potential sex-based differences in cardiovascular risk remain incompletely defined. We evaluated sex-based differences in major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and cardiovascular complications following CAR-T therapy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Using the TriNetX Global Research Network, we identified adults treated with CAR-T therapy between 2015 and 2025. Male and female patients were propensity score\u2013matched 1:1 on baseline characteristics. The primary outcome was MACE, defined as myocardial infarction, stroke, or all-cause mortality, assessed at 1- and 2-year follow-up. Secondary outcomes included all-cause mortality and other cardiovascular complications. Outcomes were compared using risk ratios and Cox proportional hazards models.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among 4,944 matched patients (2,472 males and 2,472 females), baseline characteristics were well balanced. At 1 year, males had a higher incidence of MACE compared with females (558 vs. 437 events; RR: 1.22, 95% CI: 1.09\u20131.36), with a higher hazard on time-to-event analysis (HR: 1.22, 95% CI: 1.08\u20131.38). This association persisted at 2 years (697 vs. 593 events; RR: 1.15, 95% CI: 1.05\u20131.26; HR: 1.18, 95% CI: 1.06\u20131.32). At 2 years, males also had a higher risk of all-cause mortality and higher risks of atrial fibrillation, ventricular arrhythmias, high-grade atrioventricular block, and pericarditis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Male sex was associated with a higher risk of MACE following CAR-T therapy, along with a greater burden of arrhythmic and conduction abnormalities. These findings highlight the importance of incorporating biological sex into cardiovascular risk assessment and monitoring strategies in patients undergoing CAR-T therapy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2026.1838296","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T05:58:16Z","timestamp":1783490296000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Sex-based disparities in cardiovascular outcomes: real-world evidence following chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Abdul Rasheed","family":"Bahar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Wayne State University\/ Detroit Medical Center","place":["Detroit, MI, United 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