{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,10]],"date-time":"2026-11-10T00:53:47Z","timestamp":1794272027159,"version":"4.9.0"},"reference-count":235,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,10]],"date-time":"2023-07-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1688947200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01-AG-032244"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01-AG-032244"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Drug Deliv."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Therapeutic antibody drug development is a rapidly growing sector of the pharmaceutical industry. However, antibody drug development for the brain is a technical challenge, and therapeutic antibodies for the central nervous system account for \u223c3% of all such agents. The principal obstacle to antibody drug development for brain or spinal cord is the lack of transport of large molecule biologics across the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Therapeutic antibodies can be made transportable through the blood-brain barrier by the re-engineering of the therapeutic antibody as a BBB-penetrating bispecific antibody (BSA). One arm of the BSA is the therapeutic antibody and the other arm of the BSA is a transporting antibody. The transporting antibody targets an exofacial epitope on a BBB receptor, and this enables receptor-mediated transcytosis (RMT) of the BSA across the BBB. Following BBB transport, the therapeutic antibody then engages the target receptor in brain. RMT systems at the BBB that are potential conduits to the brain include the insulin receptor (IR), the transferrin receptor (TfR), the insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGFR) and the leptin receptor. Therapeutic antibodies have been re-engineered as BSAs that target the insulin receptor, TfR, or IGFR RMT systems at the BBB for the treatment of Alzheimer\u2019s disease and Parkinson\u2019s disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fddev.2023.1227816","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,10]],"date-time":"2023-07-10T03:55:10Z","timestamp":1688961310000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":66,"title":["Receptor-mediated drug delivery of bispecific therapeutic antibodies through the blood-brain barrier"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"William M.","family":"Pardridge","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","unstructured":"Gantenerumab falls short in phase 3"},{"key":"B2","unstructured":"DNL919"},{"key":"B3","unstructured":"Trontinemab"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trci.2019.06.005","article-title":"Disease severity and minimal clinically important differences in clinical outcome assessments for Alzheimer's disease clinical trials","volume":"5","author":"Andrews","year":"2019","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement. (N Y)"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"84ra43","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.3002254","article-title":"A therapeutic antibody targeting BACE1 inhibits amyloid-beta production in vivo","volume":"3","author":"Atwal","year":"2011","journal-title":"Sci. Transl. Med."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1038\/s41416-020-01175-y","article-title":"Treatment strategies for breast cancer brain metastases","volume":"124","author":"Bailleux","year":"2021","journal-title":"Br. J. Cancer"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1123","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI108565","article-title":"Fluctuations in the affinity and concentration of insulin receptors on circulating monocytes of obese patients: Effects of starvation, refeeding, and dieting","volume":"58","author":"Bar","year":"1976","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2012.07.022","article-title":"Sustained levels of antibodies against A\u03b2 in amyloid-rich regions of the CNS following intravenous dosing in human APP transgenic mice","volume":"238","author":"Bard","year":"2012","journal-title":"Exp. Neurol."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1097\/MLR.0000000000001716","article-title":"Rejection of aducanumab (aduhelm) by the health care community: Lessons learned and the path ahead","volume":"60","author":"Bauchner","year":"2022","journal-title":"Med. Care"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1427","DOI":"10.1212\/wnl.52.7.1427","article-title":"A controlled trial of recombinant methionyl human BDNF in ALS: The BDNF Study Group (Phase III)","volume":"52","year":"1999","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"586","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2008-0047","article-title":"Insulin receptor isoforms and insulin receptor\/insulin-like growth factor receptor hybrids in physiology and disease","volume":"30","author":"Belfiore","year":"2009","journal-title":"Endocr. Rev."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2017-00073","article-title":"Insulin receptor isoforms in physiology and disease: An updated view","volume":"38","author":"Belfiore","year":"2017","journal-title":"Endocr. Rev."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1741","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.1989.tb07252.x","article-title":"Determination of brain interstitial concentrations by microdialysis","volume":"52","author":"Benveniste","year":"1989","journal-title":"J. Neurochem."},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1493","DOI":"10.1177\/42.11.7930531","article-title":"In vivo demonstration of subcellular localization of anti-transferrin receptor monoclonal antibody-colloidal gold conjugate in brain capillary endothelium","volume":"42","author":"Bickel","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Histochem Cytochem"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2618","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.90.7.2618","article-title":"Pharmacologic effects in vivo in brain by vector-mediated peptide drug delivery","volume":"90","author":"Bickel","year":"1993","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20131660","article-title":"Transferrin receptor (TfR) trafficking determines brain uptake of TfR antibody affinity variants","volume":"211","author":"Bien-Ly","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-160023","article-title":"Monitoring blood-brain barrier integrity following amyloid-beta immunotherapy using gadolinium-enhanced MRI in a PDAPP mouse model","volume":"54","author":"Blockx","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Alzheimers Dis."},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1021\/bc060349x","article-title":"Fusion antibody for Alzheimer's disease with bidirectional transport across the blood-brain barrier and abeta fibril disaggregation","volume":"18","author":"Boado","year":"2007","journal-title":"Bioconjug Chem."},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1761","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-4159.1998.71041761.x","article-title":"Up-regulation of blood-brain barrier short-form leptin receptor gene products in rats fed a high fat diet","volume":"71","author":"Boado","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Neurochem."},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1741","DOI":"10.1021\/bc400319d","article-title":"Blood-brain barrier molecular trojan horse enables imaging of brain uptake of radioiodinated recombinant protein in the rhesus monkey","volume":"24","author":"Boado","year":"","journal-title":"Bioconjug Chem."},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1342","DOI":"10.1021\/mp200136x","article-title":"Reversal of lysosomal storage in brain of adult MPS-I mice with intravenous Trojan horse-iduronidase fusion protein","volume":"8","author":"Boado","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mol. Pharm."},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12079","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.21.12079","article-title":"Selective expression of the large neutral amino acid transporter at the blood-brain barrier","volume":"96","author":"Boado","year":"1999","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1456","DOI":"10.1002\/bit.24795","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics and brain uptake in the rhesus monkey of a fusion protein of arylsulfatase a and a monoclonal antibody against the human insulin receptor","volume":"110","author":"Boado","year":"","journal-title":"Biotechnol. Bioeng."},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1271","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.molpharmaceut.6b01166","article-title":"Brain and organ uptake in the rhesus monkey in vivo of recombinant iduronidase compared to an insulin receptor antibody-iduronidase fusion protein","volume":"14","author":"Boado","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mol. Pharm."},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1251","DOI":"10.1002\/bit.22135","article-title":"Engineering and expression of a chimeric transferrin receptor monoclonal antibody for blood-brain barrier delivery in the mouse","volume":"102","author":"Boado","year":"2009","journal-title":"Biotechnol. Bioeng."},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1021\/bc7004076","article-title":"Genetic engineering, expression, and activity of a chimeric monoclonal antibody-avidin fusion protein for receptor-mediated delivery of biotinylated drugs in humans","volume":"19","author":"Boado","year":"2008","journal-title":"Bioconjug Chem."},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1021\/mp900235k","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics and brain uptake of a genetically engineered bifunctional fusion antibody targeting the mouse transferrin receptor","volume":"7","author":"Boado","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mol. Pharm."},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-2011-110977","article-title":"Gantenerumab: A novel human anti-a\u03b2 antibody demonstrates sustained cerebral amyloid-\u03b2 binding and elicits cell-mediated removal of human amyloid-\u03b2","volume":"28","author":"Bohrmann","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Alzheimers Dis."},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1186\/s40035-022-00324-y","article-title":"ImmunoPET imaging of amyloid-beta in a rat model of Alzheimer's disease with a bispecific, brain-penetrating fusion protein","volume":"11","author":"Bonvicini","year":"2022","journal-title":"Transl. Neurodegener."},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1591","DOI":"10.1021\/mp400748t","article-title":"Comparative physiology of mice and rats: Radiometric measurement of vascular parameters in rodent tissues","volume":"11","author":"Boswell","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mol. Pharm."},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1007\/s10549-007-9663-z","article-title":"Cardiotoxicity and incidence of brain metastases after adjuvant trastuzumab for early breast cancer: The dark side of the moon? A meta-analysis of the randomized trials","volume":"109","author":"Bria","year":"2008","journal-title":"Breast Cancer Res. Treat."},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100467","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lana.2023.100467","article-title":"Impacts of FDA approval and Medicare restriction on antiamyloid therapies for alzheimer's disease: Patient outcomes, healthcare costs, and drug development","volume":"20","author":"Brockmann","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet Reg. Health Am."},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1038\/ijo.2016.238","article-title":"Determination of the half-life of circulating leptin in the mouse","volume":"41","author":"Burnett","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Obes. (Lond)"},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e53297","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0053297","article-title":"Impact of natalizumab on ambulatory improvement in secondary progressive and disabled relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis","volume":"8","author":"Cadavid","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2014.10.047","article-title":"In vitro discrimination of the role of LRP1 at the BBB cellular level: Focus on brain capillary endothelial cells and brain pericytes","volume":"1594","author":"Candela","year":"2015","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1176\/jnp.10.1.78","article-title":"Blood-brain barrier integrity in Alzheimer's disease patients and elderly control subjects","volume":"10","author":"Caserta","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Neuropsychiatry Clin. Neurosci."},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"852","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics12090852","article-title":"Acute and chronic dosing of a high-affinity rat\/mouse chimeric transferrin receptor antibody in mice","volume":"12","author":"Castellanos","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics"},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1080\/19420862.2018.1473910","article-title":"Antibody pharmacokinetics in rat brain determined using microdialysis","volume":"10","author":"Chang","year":"2018","journal-title":"MAbs"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1874121","DOI":"10.1080\/19420862.2021.1874121","article-title":"Brain pharmacokinetics of anti-transferrin receptor antibody affinity variants in rats determined using microdialysis","volume":"13","author":"Chang","year":"2021","journal-title":"MAbs"},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4392","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-021-02421-x","article-title":"Basigin antibodies with capacity for drug delivery across brain endothelial cells","volume":"58","author":"Christensen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mol. Neurobiol."},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1335","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics14071335","article-title":"A single domain shark antibody targeting the transferrin receptor 1 delivers a TrkB agonist antibody to the brain and provides full neuroprotection in a mouse model of Parkinson's disease","volume":"14","author":"Clarke","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics"},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"T139","DOI":"10.1530\/JME-18-0016","article-title":"Role of IGF-binding proteins in regulating IGF responses to changes in metabolism","volume":"61","author":"Clemmons","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Mol. Endocrinol."},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E19","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A7586","article-title":"Amyloid-related imaging abnormalities with emerging alzheimer disease therapeutics: Detection and reporting recommendations for clinical practice","volume":"43","author":"Cogswell","year":"2022","journal-title":"AJNR Am. J. Neuroradiol."},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1023\/a:1007592720793","article-title":"Transport across the primate blood-brain barrier of a genetically engineered chimeric monoclonal antibody to the human insulin receptor","volume":"17","author":"Coloma","year":"2000","journal-title":"Pharm. Res."},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt0297-159","article-title":"Design and production of novel tetravalent bispecific antibodies","volume":"15","author":"Coloma","year":"1997","journal-title":"Nat. Biotechnol."},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1097\/00004647-199801000-00003","article-title":"Interictal seizure resections show two configurations of endothelial Glut1 glucose transporter in the human blood-brain barrier","volume":"18","author":"Cornford","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Cereb. Blood Flow. Metab."},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.3005338","article-title":"Addressing safety liabilities of TfR bispecific antibodies that cross the blood-brain barrier","volume":"5","author":"Couch","year":"2013","journal-title":"Sci. Transl. Med."},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1524","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(95)92053-6","article-title":"Image analysis of beta-amyloid load in Alzheimer's disease and relation to dementia severity","volume":"346","author":"Cummings","year":"1995","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14283\/jpad.2023.30","article-title":"Lecanemab: Appropriate use recommendations","author":"Cummings","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Prev. Alz. Dis."},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"908","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2012.10.029","article-title":"A plaque-specific antibody clears existing beta-amyloid plaques in Alzheimer's disease mice","volume":"76","author":"Demattos","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2017.12.001","article-title":"The LepR-mediated leptin transport across brain barriers controls food reward","volume":"8","author":"Di Spiezio","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mol. Metab."},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1016\/j.omtm.2020.08.014","article-title":"Tetravalent bispecific tandem antibodies improve brain exposure and efficacy in an amyloid transgenic mouse model","volume":"19","author":"Do","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mol. Ther. Methods Clin. Dev."},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"608","DOI":"10.1210\/edrv.19.5.0349","article-title":"Insulin degradation: Progress and potential","volume":"19","author":"Duckworth","year":"1998","journal-title":"Endocr. Rev."},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(87)90236-8","article-title":"Blood-brain barrier transcytosis of insulin in developing rabbits","volume":"420","author":"Duffy","year":"1987","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1016\/s0026-0495(98)90007-5","article-title":"Human blood-brain barrier insulin-like growth factor receptor","volume":"37","author":"Duffy","year":"1988","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1042\/bj3020601","article-title":"The effect of elevated plasma phenylalanine levels on protein synthesis rates in adult rat brain","volume":"302","author":"Dunlop","year":"1994","journal-title":"Biochem. J."},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1016\/0361-9230(81)90007-1","article-title":"Cortical blood vessels of the human brain","volume":"7","author":"Duvernoy","year":"1981","journal-title":"Brain Res. Bull."},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13089","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1105786108","article-title":"How the binding of human transferrin primes the transferrin receptor potentiating iron release at endosomal pH","volume":"108","author":"Eckenroth","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1007","DOI":"10.1080\/19420862.2017.1337619","article-title":"Quantification of IgG monoclonal antibody clearance in tissues","volume":"9","author":"Eigenmann","year":"2017","journal-title":"MAbs"},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1186\/2045-8118-8-4","article-title":"Fluids and barriers of the CNS establish immune privilege by confining immune surveillance to a two-walled castle moat surrounding the CNS castle","volume":"8","author":"Engelhardt","year":"2011","journal-title":"Fluids Barriers CNS"},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12669","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1108455108","article-title":"Unique carbohydrate-carbohydrate interactions are required for high affinity binding between FcgammaRIII and antibodies lacking core fucose","volume":"108","author":"Ferrara","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.490180206","article-title":"Receptor-mediated transcytosis of transferrin across the blood-brain barrier","volume":"18","author":"Fishman","year":"1987","journal-title":"J. Neurosci. Res."},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2275","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awad024","article-title":"Tilavonemab in early alzheimer's disease: Results from a phase 2, randomized, double-blind study","volume":"146","author":"Florian","year":"2023","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1126\/science.8420006","article-title":"Blood-brain barrier penetration and in vivo activity of an NGF conjugate","volume":"259","author":"Friden","year":"1993","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2010.06.059","article-title":"Intravenous treatment of experimental Parkinson's disease in the mouse with an IgG-GDNF fusion protein that penetrates the blood-brain barrier","volume":"1352","author":"Fu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"833","DOI":"10.3892\/mco.2016.816","article-title":"Bevacizumab treatment for newly diagnosed glioblastoma: Systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials","volume":"4","author":"Fu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mol. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1235","DOI":"10.1016\/s0969-2126(98)00124-5","article-title":"Structural model of phospholipid-reconstituted human transferrin receptor derived by electron microscopy","volume":"6","author":"Fuchs","year":"1998","journal-title":"Structure"},{"key":"B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"828","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2019.00828","article-title":"The effects of leptin on glial cells in neurological diseases","volume":"13","author":"Fujita","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Neurosci."},{"key":"B69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2014.00235","article-title":"New roles for Fc receptors in neurodegeneration-the impact on Immunotherapy for Alzheimer's Disease","volume":"8","author":"Fuller","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front. Neurosci."},{"key":"B70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.10942","article-title":"Neuronal and astrocyte expression of nicotinic receptor subunit beta4 in the adult mouse brain","volume":"468","author":"Gahring","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Comp. Neurol."},{"key":"B71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1023\/a:1018581407804","article-title":"Localization of the insulin-like growth factor I receptor in the cerebellum and hypothalamus of adult rats: An electron microscopic study","volume":"26","author":"Garcia-Segura","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Neurocytol."},{"key":"B72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1186\/s13023-018-0849-8","article-title":"Neurocognitive and somatic stabilization in pediatric patients with severe mucopolysaccharidosis type I after 52 weeks of intravenous brain-penetrating insulin receptor antibody-iduronidase fusion protein (valanafusp alpha): An open label phase 1-2 trial","volume":"13","author":"Giugliani","year":"2018","journal-title":"Orphanet J. Rare Dis."},{"key":"B73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.1984.33","article-title":"Estimates of Michaelis-Menten constants for the two membranes of the brain endothelium","volume":"4","author":"Gjedde","year":"1984","journal-title":"J. Cereb. Blood Flow. Metab."},{"key":"B74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"885","DOI":"10.1016\/s0006-291x(84)80190-4","article-title":"Alzheimer's disease: Initial report of the purification and characterization of a novel cerebrovascular amyloid protein","volume":"120","author":"Glenner","year":"1984","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"B75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI119125","article-title":"Human blood-brain barrier leptin receptor. Binding and endocytosis in isolated human brain microvessels","volume":"99","author":"Golden","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"B76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1186\/2047-783x-15-s2-50","article-title":"Leptin receptors","volume":"15","author":"Gorska","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur. J. Med. Res."},{"key":"B77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02244106","article-title":"Benzodiazepine concentrations in brain directly reflect receptor occupancy: Studies of diazepam, lorazepam, and oxazepam","volume":"102","author":"Greenblatt","year":"1990","journal-title":"Psychopharmacol. Berl."},{"key":"B78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"820","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2019.06.010","article-title":"TREM2 acts downstream of CD33 in modulating microglial pathology in alzheimer's disease","volume":"103","author":"Griciuc","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"B79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1016\/s0006-8993(98)00572-1","article-title":"Changes in blood-brain barrier permeability associated with insertion of brain cannulas and microdialysis probes","volume":"803","author":"Groothuis","year":"1998","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"B80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1258","DOI":"10.1002\/cpt.2875","article-title":"Donanemab population pharmacokinetics, amyloid plaque reduction, and safety in participants with alzheimer's disease","volume":"113","author":"Gueorguieva","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin. Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"B81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19637","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M110.117382","article-title":"Enhancing antibody Fc heterodimer formation through electrostatic steering effects: Applications to bispecific molecules and monovalent IgG","volume":"285","author":"Gunasekaran","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"B83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"745","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2020.02.001","article-title":"The beta-Secretase BACE1 in Alzheimer's Disease","volume":"89","author":"Hampel","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"B84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"696","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/not236","article-title":"Progression-free survival as a surrogate endpoint for overall survival in glioblastoma: A literature-based meta-analysis from 91 trials","volume":"16","author":"Han","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neuro Oncol."},{"key":"B85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1305","DOI":"10.1038\/s41366-018-0221-z","article-title":"Fluorescent blood-brain barrier tracing shows intact leptin transport in obese mice","volume":"43","author":"Harrison","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Obes. (Lond)"},{"key":"B86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2009.06.084","article-title":"Histological studies of the effects of chronic implantation of ceramic-based microelectrode arrays and microdialysis probes in rat prefrontal cortex","volume":"1291","author":"Hascup","year":"2009","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"B87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.17155","article-title":"Bivalent brain shuttle increases antibody uptake by monovalent binding to the transferrin receptor","volume":"7","author":"Hultqvist","year":"2017","journal-title":"Theranostics"},{"key":"B88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6750-7-14","article-title":"Single chain Fab (scFab) fragment","volume":"7","author":"Hust","year":"2007","journal-title":"BMC Biotechnol."},{"key":"B89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"883","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-4159.1998.70020883.x","article-title":"Examination of blood-brain barrier transferrin receptor by confocal fluorescent microscopy of unfixed isolated rat brain capillaries","volume":"70","author":"Huwyler","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Neurochem."},{"key":"B90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.4103\/1673-5374.340409","article-title":"Initial failures of anti-tau antibodies in Alzheimer's disease are reminiscent of the amyloid-beta story","volume":"18","author":"Imbimbo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Neural Regen. Res."},{"key":"B91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.4161\/mabs.23977","article-title":"Structure reveals function of the dual variable domain immunoglobulin (DVD-Ig) molecule","volume":"5","author":"Jakob","year":"2013","journal-title":"MAbs"},{"key":"B92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9255","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-45577-2","article-title":"Ultrasound-mediated blood-brain barrier opening enhances delivery of therapeutically relevant formats of a tau-specific antibody","volume":"9","author":"Janowicz","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"B93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2009.06.023","article-title":"Comparison of the brain penetration injury associated with microdialysis and voltammetry","volume":"183","author":"Jaquins-Gerstl","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Neurosci. Methods"},{"key":"B94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1038\/312162a0","article-title":"Transferrin receptor on endothelium of brain capillaries","volume":"312","author":"Jefferies","year":"1984","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12663","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-92280-2","article-title":"Nanoscale spatial dependence of avidity in an IgG1 antibody","volume":"11","author":"Jendroszek","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"B96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1135","DOI":"10.1007\/s40265-021-01546-6","article-title":"Current status of clinical trials on tau immunotherapies","volume":"81","author":"Ji","year":"2021","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"key":"B97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2017.00167","article-title":"Structural perspectives of insulin receptor isoform-selective insulin analogs","volume":"8","author":"Jiracek","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Endocrinol. (Lausanne)"},{"key":"B98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14870","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1416660111","article-title":"Delivery of an enzyme-IGFII fusion protein to the mouse brain is therapeutic for mucopolysaccharidosis type IIIB","volume":"111","author":"Kan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"B99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"680","DOI":"10.1002\/bit.20880","article-title":"Comparison of cell lines for stable production of fucose-negative antibodies with enhanced ADCC","volume":"94","author":"Kanda","year":"2006","journal-title":"Biotechnol. Bioeng."},{"key":"B100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1038\/325733a0","article-title":"The precursor of Alzheimer's disease amyloid A4 protein resembles a cell-surface receptor","volume":"325","author":"Kang","year":"1987","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"765","DOI":"10.1080\/19420862.2018.1465159","article-title":"Brain uptake of multivalent and multi-specific DVD-Ig proteins after systemic administration","volume":"10","author":"Karaoglu Hanzatian","year":"2018","journal-title":"MAbs"},{"key":"B102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"eaay1359","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.aay1359","article-title":"Brain delivery of therapeutic proteins using an Fc fragment blood-brain barrier transport vehicle in mice and monkeys","volume":"12","author":"Kariolis","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Transl. Med."},{"key":"B103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20826","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.274.30.20826","article-title":"Molecular cloning of transferrin receptor 2. A new member of the transferrin receptor-like family","volume":"274","author":"Kawabata","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"B104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/0197-4580(87)90053-4","article-title":"CSF and serum concentrations of albumin and IgG in Alzheimer's disease","volume":"8","author":"Kay","year":"1987","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Aging"},{"key":"B105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3749","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1014480108","article-title":"Anti-VEGF treatment reduces blood supply and increases tumor cell invasion in glioblastoma","volume":"108","author":"Keunen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"B106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11719","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0604318103","article-title":"Noninvasive localized delivery of Herceptin to the mouse brain by MRI-guided focused ultrasound-induced blood-brain barrier disruption","volume":"103","author":"Kinoshita","year":"2006","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"B107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1552","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.biochem.8b00006","article-title":"Transferrin receptors TfR1 and TfR2 bind transferrin through differing mechanisms","volume":"57","author":"Kleven","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"key":"B108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03190840","article-title":"The metabolism and kinetics of 125I-labeled human intravenous IgG preparation (C-425) in rats and rabbits. I. Blood clearance, excretion into urine and feces, and brain uptake","volume":"14","author":"Kobayashi","year":"1989","journal-title":"Eur. J. Drug Metab. Pharmacokinet."},{"key":"B109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"785","DOI":"10.1007\/s13311-022-01246-3","article-title":"What have failed, interrupted, and withdrawn antibody therapies in multiple sclerosis taught us?","volume":"19","author":"Kramer","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neurotherapeutics"},{"key":"B110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"510","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1318807111","article-title":"Neurofibrillary tangle-bearing neurons are functionally integrated in cortical circuits in vivo","volume":"111","author":"Kuchibhotla","year":"2014","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"B111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1179\/1743132812Y.0000000127","article-title":"Atorvastatin and pitavastatin reduce oxidative stress and improve IR\/LDL-R signals in Alzheimer's disease","volume":"35","author":"Kurata","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neurol. Res."},{"key":"B112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2003.08.061","article-title":"The involvement of the blood-brain and the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barriers in the distribution of leptin into and out of the rat brain","volume":"123","author":"Kurrimbux","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"B113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1918819","DOI":"10.1080\/19420862.2021.1918819","article-title":"Collecting antibodies and large molecule biomarkers in mouse interstitial brain fluid: A comparison of microdialysis and cerebral open flow microperfusion","volume":"13","author":"Le Prieult","year":"2021","journal-title":"MAbs"},{"key":"B114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1007\/s40265-023-01854-z","article-title":"Ublituximab: First approval","volume":"83","author":"Lee","year":"2023","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"key":"B115","first-page":"1048","article-title":"Targeting rat anti-mouse transferrin receptor monoclonal antibodies through blood-brain barrier in mouse","volume":"292","author":"Lee","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther."},{"key":"B116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1097\/00004647-200101000-00008","article-title":"Blood-brain barrier genomics","volume":"21","author":"Li","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Cereb. Blood Flow. Metab."},{"key":"B117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"787","DOI":"10.1093\/protein\/12.9.787","article-title":"Genetically engineered brain drug delivery vectors: Cloning, expression and in vivo application of an anti-transferrin receptor single chain antibody-streptavidin fusion gene and protein","volume":"12","author":"Li","year":"1999","journal-title":"Protein Eng."},{"key":"B118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1186\/1743-8454-7-16","article-title":"Development of the lateral ventricular choroid plexus in a marsupial, Monodelphis domestica","volume":"7","author":"Liddelow","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cerebrospinal Fluid Res."},{"key":"B119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4023","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3442-16.2017","article-title":"Astrocytic LRP1 mediates brain A\u03b2 clearance and impacts amyloid deposition","volume":"37","author":"Liu","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"B120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2016152444","article-title":"Focused ultrasound enhances central nervous system delivery of bevacizumab for malignant glioma treatment","volume":"281","author":"Liu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"B121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1038\/s41582-021-00557-x","article-title":"Can we learn lessons from the FDA's approval of aducanumab?","volume":"17","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurol."},{"key":"B122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"773","DOI":"10.1111\/cen.12446","article-title":"Insulin-like growth factor-II: Its role in metabolic and endocrine disease","volume":"80","author":"Livingstone","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin. Endocrinol. (Oxf)"},{"key":"B123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3900","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M116.767749","article-title":"Effector-attenuating substitutions that maintain antibody stability and reduce toxicity in mice","volume":"292","author":"Lo","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"B124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10879","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.23-34-10879.2003","article-title":"Amyloid-beta antibody treatment leads to rapid normalization of plaque-induced neuritic alterations","volume":"23","author":"Lombardo","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"B125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e12112","DOI":"10.1002\/trc2.12112","article-title":"Donanemab (LY3002813) dose-escalation study in Alzheimer's disease","volume":"7","author":"Lowe","year":"2021","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement. (N Y)"},{"key":"B126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12929-019-0592-z","article-title":"Development of therapeutic antibodies for the treatment of diseases","volume":"27","author":"Lu","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Sci."},{"key":"B127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1093\/abt\/tbac021","article-title":"The global landscape of approved antibody therapies","volume":"5","author":"Lyu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Antib. Ther."},{"key":"B128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1186\/s13024-018-0286-0","article-title":"Blood-brain barrier-associated pericytes internalize and clear aggregated amyloid-\u03b242 by LRP1-dependent apolipoprotein E isoform-specific mechanism","volume":"13","author":"Ma","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mol. Neurodegener."},{"key":"B129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.p73","article-title":"Alzheimer's disease: FDA approves lecanemab amid cost and safety concerns","volume":"380","author":"Mahase","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"B130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01060215","article-title":"Distribution of drugs following controlled delivery to the brain interstitium","volume":"26","author":"Mak","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Neurooncol"},{"key":"B131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1340","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2025-16.2016","article-title":"Granular layer neurons control cerebellar neurovascular coupling through an NMDA receptor\/NO-dependent system","volume":"37","author":"Mapelli","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"B132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1509","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.129.6.1509","article-title":"Oligomerized transferrin receptors are selectively retained by a lumenal sorting signal in a long-lived endocytic recycling compartment","volume":"129","author":"Marsh","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Cell Biol."},{"key":"B133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1002\/jmr.979","article-title":"A loop in the N-lobe of human serum transferrin is critical for binding to the transferrin receptor as revealed by mutagenesis, isothermal titration calorimetry, and epitope mapping","volume":"22","author":"Mason","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Mol. Recognit."},{"key":"B134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4245","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.82.12.4245","article-title":"Amyloid plaque core protein in Alzheimer disease and Down syndrome","volume":"82","author":"Masters","year":"1985","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"B135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt0798-677","article-title":"An efficient route to human bispecific IgG","volume":"16","author":"Merchant","year":"1998","journal-title":"Nat. Biotechnol."},{"key":"B136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1691","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2100708","article-title":"Donanemab in early alzheimer's disease","volume":"384","author":"Mintun","year":"2021","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"B137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2015.00390","article-title":"New aspects in fenestrated capillary and tissue dynamics in the sensory circumventricular organs of adult brains","volume":"9","author":"Miyata","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front. Neurosci."},{"key":"B138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1002\/(sici)1096-9861(19980831)398:3<420:aid-cne8>3.0.co;2-1","article-title":"Expression of the neuronal transferrin receptor is age dependent and susceptible to iron deficiency","volume":"398","author":"Moos","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Comp. Neurol."},{"key":"B139","first-page":"1167","article-title":"Quantitative assessment of blood-brain barrier damage during microdialysis","volume":"277","author":"Morgan","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther."},{"key":"B140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1111\/jnc.15768","article-title":"A single-chain fragment constant design enables easy production of a monovalent blood-brain barrier transporter and provides an improved brain uptake at elevated doses","volume":"165","author":"Morrison","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Neurochem."},{"key":"B141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.1016\/S0893-133X(01)00251-2","article-title":"Evaluation of dopamine D-2 receptor occupancy by clozapine, risperidone, and haloperidol in vivo in the rodent and nonhuman primate brain using 18F-fallypride","volume":"25","author":"Mukherjee","year":"2001","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"B142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2005.10.031","article-title":"Immunohistochemical evidence of functional leptin receptor expression in neuronal and endothelial cells of the rat brain","volume":"394","author":"Mutze","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"key":"B143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1571","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.283.12.1571","article-title":"Correlation between elevated levels of amyloid beta-peptide in the brain and cognitive decline","volume":"283","author":"Naslund","year":"2000","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"B144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108119","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108119","article-title":"Blood-brain barrier leakage in Alzheimer's disease: From discovery to clinical relevance","volume":"234","author":"Nehra","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"B145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8173","DOI":"10.1021\/ac401201x","article-title":"Pharmacological mitigation of tissue damage during brain microdialysis","volume":"85","author":"Nesbitt","year":"2013","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"key":"B146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7557","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-64536-w","article-title":"High-throughput generation of Bipod (Fab \u00d7 scFv) bispecific antibodies exploits differential chain expression and affinity capture","volume":"10","author":"Nesspor","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"B147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10706","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.162362999","article-title":"An anti-transferrin receptor-avidin fusion protein exhibits both strong proapoptotic activity and the ability to deliver various molecules into cancer cells","volume":"99","author":"Ng","year":"2002","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"B148","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2745","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2006-04-020263","article-title":"Molecular events contributing to cell death in malignant human hematopoietic cells elicited by an IgG3-avidin fusion protein targeting the transferrin receptor","volume":"108","author":"Ng","year":"2006","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"B149","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2013.10.061","article-title":"Increased brain penetration and potency of a therapeutic antibody using a monovalent molecular shuttle","volume":"81","author":"Niewoehner","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"B150","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1113","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2022.2909","article-title":"Evaluating the safety and efficacy of crenezumab vs placebo in adults with early alzheimer disease: Two phase 3 randomized placebo-controlled trials","volume":"79","author":"Ostrowitzki","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol."},{"key":"B151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"892","DOI":"10.1016\/0026-0495(87)90099-0","article-title":"Human blood-brain barrier transferrin receptor","volume":"36","author":"Pardridge","year":"","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"key":"B152","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1283","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics14061283","article-title":"A historical review of brain drug delivery","volume":"14","author":"Pardridge","year":"","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics"},{"key":"B153","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1080\/13543784.2019.1627325","article-title":"Alzheimer's disease: Future drug development and the blood-brain barrier","volume":"28","author":"Pardridge","year":"2019","journal-title":"Expert Opin. Investig. Drugs"},{"key":"B154","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114234","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2022.114234","article-title":"Blood-brain barrier delivery for lysosomal storage disorders with IgG-lysosomal enzyme fusion proteins","volume":"184","author":"Pardridge","year":"","journal-title":"Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev."},{"key":"B155","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5207","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.molpharmaceut.8b00730","article-title":"Blood-brain barrier transport, plasma pharmacokinetics, and neuropathology following chronic treatment of the rhesus monkey with a brain penetrating humanized monoclonal antibody against the human transferrin receptor","volume":"15","author":"Pardridge","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mol. Pharm."},{"key":"B156","first-page":"66","article-title":"Selective transport of an anti-transferrin receptor antibody through the blood-brain barrier in vivo","volume":"259","author":"Pardridge","year":"1991","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther."},{"key":"B157","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"963","DOI":"10.1517\/17425247.2016.1171315","article-title":"CSF, blood-brain barrier, and brain drug delivery","volume":"13","author":"Pardridge","year":"2016","journal-title":"Expert Opin. Drug Deliv."},{"key":"B158","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1771","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.1985.tb07167.x","article-title":"Human blood-brain barrier insulin receptor","volume":"44","author":"Pardridge","year":"1985","journal-title":"J. Neurochem."},{"key":"B159","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"807","DOI":"10.1023\/a:1016244500596","article-title":"Human insulin receptor monoclonal antibody undergoes high affinity binding to human brain capillaries in vitro and rapid transcytosis through the blood-brain barrier in vivo in the primate","volume":"12","author":"Pardridge","year":"1995","journal-title":"Pharm. Res."},{"key":"B160","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.3390\/ph15010003","article-title":"Kinetics of blood-brain barrier transport of monoclonal antibodies targeting the insulin receptor and the transferrin receptor","volume":"15","author":"Pardridge","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pharm. (Basel)"},{"key":"B161","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1210\/edrv-7-3-314","article-title":"Receptor-mediated peptide transport through the blood-brain barrier","volume":"7","author":"Pardridge","year":"1986","journal-title":"Endocr. Rev."},{"key":"B162","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.3390\/ph13110394","article-title":"Treatment of alzheimer's disease and blood-brain barrier drug delivery","volume":"13","author":"Pardridge","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pharm. (Basel)"},{"key":"B163","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1394","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.1987.tb01005.x","article-title":"Amyloid angiopathy of alzheimer's disease: Amino acid composition and partial sequence of a 4,200-dalton peptide isolated from cortical microvessels","volume":"49","author":"Pardridge","year":"","journal-title":"J. Neurochem."},{"key":"B164","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1007\/s13311-023-01365-5","article-title":"\u237a-Synuclein structural diversity and the cellular environment in \u237a-Synuclein transmission models and humans","volume":"20","author":"Peelaerts","year":"2023","journal-title":"Neurotherapeutics"},{"key":"B165","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.1080\/19420862.2018.1466767","article-title":"The \"less-is-more\" in therapeutic antibodies: Afucosylated anti-cancer antibodies with enhanced antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity","volume":"10","author":"Pereira","year":"2018","journal-title":"MAbs"},{"key":"B166","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"763","DOI":"10.1111\/cns.12866","article-title":"Insulin receptor in the brain: Mechanisms of activation and the role in the CNS pathology and treatment","volume":"24","author":"Pomytkin","year":"2018","journal-title":"CNS Neurosci. Ther."},{"key":"B167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9394","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1118-06.2006","article-title":"Novel agonist monoclonal antibodies activate TrkB receptors and demonstrate potent neurotrophic activities","volume":"26","author":"Qian","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"B168","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1753","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.135.5.7525251","article-title":"Insulin-like growth factors cross the blood-brain barrier","volume":"135","author":"Reinhardt","year":"1994","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"B169","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1323","DOI":"10.1093\/protein\/8.12.1323","article-title":"Disulfide stabilization of antibody Fv: Computer predictions and experimental evaluation","volume":"8","author":"Reiter","year":"1995","journal-title":"Protein Eng."},{"key":"B170","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1093\/protein\/9.7.617","article-title":"Knobs-into-holes' engineering of antibody CH3 domains for heavy chain heterodimerization","volume":"9","author":"Ridgway","year":"1996","journal-title":"Protein Eng."},{"key":"B171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.104.2.521","article-title":"Receptor-mediated endocytosis of transferrin at the blood-brain barrier","volume":"104","author":"Roberts","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Cell Sci."},{"key":"B172","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"568","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.10231","article-title":"Differential neuropathological alterations in transgenic mice expressing alpha-synuclein from the platelet-derived growth factor and Thy-1 promoters","volume":"68","author":"Rockenstein","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Neurosci. Res."},{"key":"B173","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1588","DOI":"10.1007\/s13311-022-01283-y","article-title":"A brain-targeting bispecific-multivalent antibody clears soluble amyloid-beta aggregates in alzheimer's disease mice","volume":"19","author":"Rofo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neurotherapeutics"},{"key":"B174","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1412","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics14071412","article-title":"Reduction of \u03b1SYN pathology in a mouse model of PD using a brain-penetrating bispecific antibody","volume":"14","author":"Roshanbin","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics"},{"key":"B175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1056\/nejmoa1304839","article-title":"Two phase 3 trials of bapineuzumab in mild-to-moderate Alzheimer's disease","volume":"370","author":"Salloway","year":"2014","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"B176","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/nox175","article-title":"Is the blood-brain barrier really disrupted in all glioblastomas? A critical assessment of existing clinical data","volume":"20","author":"Sarkaria","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neuro Oncol."},{"key":"B177","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"580","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2016.00580","article-title":"Advances in therapeutic Fc engineering - modulation of IgG-associated effector functions and serum half-life","volume":"7","author":"Saxena","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"B178","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2369","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00215-10","article-title":"Development of tetravalent, bispecific CCR5 antibodies with antiviral activity against CCR5 monoclonal antibody-resistant HIV-1 strains","volume":"55","author":"Schanzer","year":"2011","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"B179","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.1987.1","article-title":"Examination of blood-brain barrier permeability in dementia of the Alzheimer type with [68Ga]EDTA and positron emission tomography","volume":"7","author":"Schlageter","year":"1987","journal-title":"J. Cereb. Blood Flow. Metab."},{"key":"B180","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1038\/s41422-020-0275-z","article-title":"Transferrin: A blood coagulation modifier","volume":"30","author":"Schmaier","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell Res."},{"key":"B181","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1124\/pr.118.015735","article-title":"Solute carrier transporters as potential targets for the treatment of metabolic disease","volume":"72","author":"Schumann","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Rev."},{"key":"B182","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13272","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.202000610RR","article-title":"Brain delivery of biologics using a cross-species reactive transferrin receptor 1 VNAR shuttle","volume":"34","author":"Sehlin","year":"2020","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"key":"B183","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1038\/nature19323","article-title":"The antibody aducanumab reduces A\u03b2 plaques in Alzheimer's disease","volume":"537","author":"Sevigny","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B184","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100338","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crmeth.2022.100338","article-title":"Grabody B, an IGF1 receptor-based shuttle, mediates efficient delivery of biologics across the blood-brain barrier","volume":"2","author":"Shin","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cell Rep. Methods"},{"key":"B185","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(95)00363-u","article-title":"Transport of [125I]transferrin through the rat blood-brain barrier","volume":"683","author":"Skarlatos","year":"1995","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"B186","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4109","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.94.8.4109","article-title":"Disaggregation of Alzheimer beta-amyloid by site-directed mAb","volume":"94","author":"Solomon","year":"1997","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"B187","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1366","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2018.02.032","article-title":"A blood-brain-barrier-penetrating anti-human transferrin receptor antibody fusion protein for neuronopathic mucopolysaccharidosis II","volume":"26","author":"Sonoda","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mol. Ther."},{"key":"B188","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105120","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2020.105120","article-title":"Characterization of tau binding by gosuranemab","volume":"146","author":"Sopko","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Dis."},{"key":"B189","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pscychresns.2008.04.003","article-title":"Blood-brain barrier permeability in alzheimer's disease: A case-control MRI study","volume":"171","author":"Starr","year":"2009","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res."},{"key":"B190","unstructured":"Medicare will require data on patient use for approved Alzheimer\u2019s drugs\n            SteenhuysenJ.\n          2023"},{"key":"B191","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e21172","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.202001787R","article-title":"Blood-brain barrier transport using a high affinity, brain-selective VNAR antibody targeting transferrin receptor 1","volume":"35","author":"Stocki","year":"2021","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"key":"B192","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1933","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.2012.97","article-title":"Brain protection from stroke with intravenous TNF\u03b1 decoy receptor-Trojan horse fusion protein","volume":"32","author":"Sumbria","year":"","journal-title":"J. Cereb. Blood Flow. Metab."},{"key":"B193","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2013.02.022","article-title":"Combination stroke therapy in the mouse with blood-brain barrier penetrating IgG-GDNF and IgG-TNF decoy receptor fusion proteins","volume":"1507","author":"Sumbria","year":"","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"B194","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3507","DOI":"10.1021\/mp400348n","article-title":"Disaggregation of amyloid plaque in brain of Alzheimer's disease transgenic mice with daily subcutaneous administration of a tetravalent bispecific antibody that targets the transferrin receptor and the Abeta amyloid peptide","volume":"10","author":"Sumbria","year":"","journal-title":"Mol. Pharm."},{"key":"B195","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1425","DOI":"10.1021\/mp400004a","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics and brain uptake of an IgG-TNF decoy receptor fusion protein following intravenous, intraperitoneal, and subcutaneous administration in mice","volume":"10","author":"Sumbria","year":"","journal-title":"Mol. Pharm."},{"key":"B196","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1584","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.1991.tb06355.x","article-title":"Transferrin and iron uptake by the brain: Effects of altered iron status","volume":"57","author":"Taylor","year":"1991","journal-title":"J. Neurochem."},{"key":"B197","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"758","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2022.1375","article-title":"Safety and efficacy of semorinemab in individuals with prodromal to mild alzheimer disease: A randomized clinical trial","volume":"79","author":"Teng","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol."},{"key":"B198","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1420","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.molpharmaceut.7b00937","article-title":"Enhanced delivery of galanin conjugates to the brain through bioengineering of the anti-transferrin receptor antibody OX26","volume":"15","author":"Thom","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mol. Pharm."},{"key":"B199","unstructured":"\u2018It\u2019s not a miracle drug\u2019: Eli Lilly\u2019s antibody shows Alzheimer\u2019s disease but safety issues linger\n            TravisJ.\n          2023"},{"key":"B200","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3039","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.78.5.3039","article-title":"Human cell surface glycoprotein related to cell proliferation is the receptor for transferrin","volume":"78","author":"Trowbridge","year":"1981","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"B201","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"eaay1163","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.aay1163","article-title":"Brain delivery and activity of a lysosomal enzyme using a blood-brain barrier transport vehicle in mice","volume":"12","author":"Ullman","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Transl. Med."},{"key":"B202","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2015.04.009","article-title":"Generation and characterization of novel conformation-specific monoclonal antibodies for \u03b1-synuclein pathology","volume":"79","author":"Vaikath","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Dis."},{"key":"B203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1755","DOI":"10.1111\/brv.12306","article-title":"Insulin-like growth factor axis targeting in cancer and tumour angiogenesis - the missing link","volume":"92","author":"Van Beijnum","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biol. Rev. Camb Philos. Soc."},{"key":"B204","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"958543","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2022.958543","article-title":"Investigating brain uptake of a non-targeting monoclonal antibody after intravenous and intracerebroventricular administration","volume":"13","author":"Van De Vyver","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"B205","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2212948","article-title":"Lecanemab in early alzheimer's disease","volume":"388","author":"Van Dyck","year":"2023","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"B206","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.1038\/s41593-022-01240-0","article-title":"A TREM2-activating antibody with a blood-brain barrier transport vehicle enhances microglial metabolism in Alzheimer's disease models","volume":"26","author":"Van Lengerich","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"B207","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"728","DOI":"10.1021\/acschemneuro.5b00331","article-title":"Enhanced intracranial microdialysis by reduction of traumatic penetration injury at the probe track","volume":"7","author":"Varner","year":"2016","journal-title":"ACS Chem. Neurosci."},{"key":"B208","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines7010020","article-title":"Monoclonal antibodies in multiple sclerosis: Present and future","volume":"7","author":"Voge","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biomedicines"},{"key":"B209","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2011.08.033","article-title":"Exogenous \u03b1-synuclein fibrils induce Lewy body pathology leading to synaptic dysfunction and neuron death","volume":"72","author":"Volpicelli-Daley","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"B210","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01190839","article-title":"Ultracytochemical characterization of anionic sites in the wall of brain capillaries","volume":"18","author":"Vorbrodt","year":"1989","journal-title":"J. Neurocytol."},{"key":"B211","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"980","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2004.062018","article-title":"First phenotypic description of transferrin receptor 2 knockout mouse, and the role of hepcidin","volume":"54","author":"Wallace","year":"2005","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"B212","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1007\/s43441-022-00390-4","article-title":"Application of meta-analysis to evaluate relationships among ARIA-E rate, amyloid reduction rate, and clinical cognitive response in amyloid therapeutic clinical trials for early alzheimer's disease","volume":"56","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ther. Innov. Regul. Sci."},{"key":"B213","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1685350","DOI":"10.1080\/19420862.2019.1685350","article-title":"Design and characterization of mouse IgG1 and IgG2a bispecific antibodies for use in syngeneic models","volume":"12","author":"Wang","year":"","journal-title":"MAbs"},{"key":"B214","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2020.11.043","article-title":"Structural basis of human monocarboxylate transporter 1 inhibition by anti-cancer drug candidates","volume":"184","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"B215","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e20200785","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20200785","article-title":"Anti-human TREM2 induces microglia proliferation and reduces pathology in an Alzheimer's disease model","volume":"217","author":"Wang","year":"","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"B216","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-4159.1995.64010229.x","article-title":"Intracerebral dialysis and the blood-brain barrier","volume":"64","author":"Westergren","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Neurochem."},{"key":"B217","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.2174\/187152709787601858","article-title":"Immunotherapy, vascular pathology, and microhemorrhages in transgenic mice","volume":"8","author":"Wilcock","year":"2009","journal-title":"CNS Neurol. Disord. Drug Targets"},{"key":"B218","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3666","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M109658200","article-title":"Fluorescence resonance energy transfer studies on the interaction between the lactate transporter MCT1 and CD147 provide information on the topology and stoichiometry of the complex in situ","volume":"277","author":"Wilson","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"B219","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5313","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.164.10.5313","article-title":"The IgG Fc contains distinct Fc receptor (FcR) binding sites: The leukocyte receptors Fc gamma RI and Fc gamma RIIa bind to a region in the Fc distinct from that recognized by neonatal FcR and protein A","volume":"164","author":"Wines","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"B220","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1186\/s12987-022-00374-4","article-title":"VHHs as tools for therapeutic protein delivery to the central nervous system","volume":"19","author":"Wouters","year":"2022","journal-title":"Fluids Barriers CNS"},{"key":"B221","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1093\/protein\/gzq005","article-title":"Introducing antigen-binding sites in structural loops of immunoglobulin constant domains: Fc fragments with engineered HER2\/neu-binding sites and antibody properties","volume":"23","author":"Wozniak-Knopp","year":"2010","journal-title":"Protein Eng. Des. Sel."},{"key":"B222","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1025","DOI":"10.1093\/protein\/14.12.1025","article-title":"Multimerization of a chimeric anti-CD20 single-chain Fv-Fc fusion protein is mediated through variable domain exchange","volume":"14","author":"Wu","year":"2001","journal-title":"Protein Eng."},{"key":"B223","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4173","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.14021","article-title":"Widespread brain distribution and activity following i.c.v. infusion of anti-beta-secretase (BACE1) in nonhuman primates","volume":"174","author":"Yadav","year":"2017","journal-title":"Br. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"B224","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100758","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymgmr.2021.100758","article-title":"Nonclinical safety evaluation of pabinafusp alfa, an anti-human transferrin receptor antibody and iduronate-2-sulfatase fusion protein, for the treatment of neuronopathic mucopolysaccharidosis type II","volume":"27","author":"Yamamoto","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mol. Genet. Metab. Rep."},{"key":"B225","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-019-1011-z","article-title":"Structure of the human LAT1-4F2hc heteromeric amino acid transporter complex","volume":"568","author":"Yan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B226","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1452","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics14071452","article-title":"Brain delivery of IGF1R5, a single-domain antibody targeting insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor","volume":"14","author":"Yogi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics"},{"key":"B227","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"261ra154","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.3009835","article-title":"Therapeutic bispecific antibodies cross the blood-brain barrier in nonhuman primates","volume":"6","author":"Yu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sci. Transl. Med."},{"key":"B228","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"84ra44","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.3002230","article-title":"Boosting brain uptake of a therapeutic antibody by reducing its affinity for a transcytosis target","volume":"3","author":"Yu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Sci. Transl. Med."},{"key":"B229","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1597","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-4159.2001.00222.x","article-title":"Rapid transferrin efflux from brain to blood across the blood-brain barrier","volume":"76","author":"Zhang","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Neurochem."},{"key":"B230","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"eabq0095","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.abq0095","article-title":"A tetravalent TREM2 agonistic antibody reduced amyloid pathology in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease","volume":"14","author":"Zhao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. Transl. Med."},{"key":"B231","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1149","DOI":"10.1124\/dmd.111.038349","article-title":"Chronic dosing of mice with a transferrin receptor monoclonal antibody-glial-derived neurotrophic factor fusion protein","volume":"39","author":"Zhou","year":"","journal-title":"Drug Metab. Dispos."},{"key":"B232","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.3109\/1061186X.2012.712132","article-title":"Selective plasma pharmacokinetics and brain uptake in the mouse of enzyme fusion proteins derived from species-specific receptor-targeted antibodies","volume":"20","author":"Zhou","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Drug Target"},{"key":"B233","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1021\/mp1003515","article-title":"Receptor-mediated abeta amyloid antibody targeting to Alzheimer's disease mouse brain","volume":"8","author":"Zhou","year":"","journal-title":"Mol. Pharm."},{"key":"B234","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"618","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.111.185876","article-title":"Neuroprotection with a brain-penetrating biologic tumor necrosis factor inhibitor","volume":"339","author":"Zhou","year":"","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther."},{"key":"B235","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1274","DOI":"10.1002\/cnr2.1274","article-title":"HER2-positive breast cancer brain metastasis: A new and exciting landscape","volume":"5","author":"Zimmer","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cancer Rep. Hob."},{"key":"B236","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2015.11.024","article-title":"Discovery of novel blood-brain barrier targets to enhance brain uptake of therapeutic antibodies","volume":"89","author":"Zuchero","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neuron"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Drug Delivery"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fddev.2023.1227816\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,10]],"date-time":"2023-07-10T03:55:20Z","timestamp":1688961320000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fddev.2023.1227816\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,10]]},"references-count":235,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fddev.2023.1227816"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fddev.2023.1227816","relation":{},"ISSN":["2674-0850"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2674-0850","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,10]]},"article-number":"1227816"}}