{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T06:24:10Z","timestamp":1787293450529,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787270400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007465","name":"Universitetet i Troms\u00f8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007465","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Drug Deliv."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Chronic wounds pose a significant clinical challenge due to impaired healing, persistent inflammation, and susceptibility to infection, often by antimicrobial-resistant bacteria. Therefore, active compounds should ideally act both as antimicrobials with limited potential for resistance development and offer other beneficial wound-healing properties. Polyphenols, such as chlorogenic acid (CGA) and quercetin (QCT), exhibit those properties, but are limited by poor stability or low bioavailability.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this study, liposomal formulations of CGA (CGA-LP) and QCT (QCT-LP) were tailored to overcome delivery barriers to wound sites. Liposomes were characterized by size, size distribution, zeta potential, entrapment efficiency, and stability.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results and Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>In vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                      release studies for CGA-LP and QCT-LP demonstrated sustained payload release of \u223c30% and \u223c50%, respectively, over 24 h. Antioxidant activity of both compounds was assessed using DPPH and ABTS\u00b7\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      assays, confirming the radical scavenging potential of CGA comparable to vitamins C and E, while QCT showed high DPPH activity, but limited ABTS\u00b7\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      activity. Biocompatibility studies on murine macrophages revealed no cytotoxicity for either formulation. Antibacterial activity was assessed via broth microdilution for both formulations and isothermal microcalorimetry for CGA-LPs. Only QCT-LP potent measurable inhibitory effects against\n                      <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                      in the broth microdilution assay; however, effects on metabolic activity were observed for CGA-LPs. These findings suggest that liposomal entrapment could protect polyphenols and prolong or tailor their release, potentially offering a promising strategy for chronic wound therapy and addressing challenges associated with oxidative stress and bacterial infections.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fddev.2026.1839747","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T05:35:30Z","timestamp":1787290530000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Harnessing liposomal delivery to boost polyphenols\u2019 potential in chronic wound therapy"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Lisa Myrseth","family":"Hemmingsen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Drug Transport and Delivery Research Group, University of Troms\u00f8 The Arctic University of Norway","place":["Troms\u00f8, Norway"]},{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Natural Products and Medicinal Chemistry Research Group, University of Troms\u00f8 The Arctic University of Norway","place":["Troms\u00f8, Norway"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marte","family":"Kristensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Drug Transport and Delivery Research Group, University of Troms\u00f8 The Arctic University of Norway","place":["Troms\u00f8, Norway"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cecilie Thanh Loan","family":"Dang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Drug Transport and Delivery Research Group, University of Troms\u00f8 The Arctic University of Norway","place":["Troms\u00f8, Norway"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mari","family":"Salamonsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Drug Transport and Delivery Research Group, University of Troms\u00f8 The Arctic University of Norway","place":["Troms\u00f8, Norway"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth G. 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