{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T16:08:53Z","timestamp":1790352533412,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":74,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,17]],"date-time":"2024-06-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1718582400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Digit. Health"],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) management in children and adolescents requires intensive supervision and monitoring to prevent acute and late diabetes complications and to improve quality of life. Digital health interventions, in particular diabetes mobile health apps (mHealth apps) can facilitate specialized T1DM care in this population. This study evaluated the initial usability of and satisfaction with the m-Health intervention Diabetes: M app, and the ease of use of various app features in supporting T1DM care in rural and remote areas of Bosnia-Herzegovina with limited access to specialized diabetes care.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This cross-sectional study, performed in February\u2013March 2023, evaluated T1DM pediatric patients who used the Diabetes: M app in a 3-month mHealth-based T1DM management program, along with their parents and healthcare providers (HCPs). All participants completed self-administered online questionnaires at the end of the 3-month period. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The study population included 50 T1DM patients (children\/parents and adolescents) and nine HCPs. The mean\u2009\u00b1\u2009SD age of the T1DM patients was 14\u2009\u00b1\u20094.54 years, with 26 (52%) being female. The mean\u2009\u00b1\u2009SD age of the HCPs was 43.4\u2009\u00b1\u20097.76 years; all (100%) were women, with a mean\u2009\u00b1\u2009SD professional experience of 17.8\u2009\u00b1\u20098.81 years. The app was reported usable in the domains of ease-of-use and satisfaction by the T1DM children\/parents (5.82\/7.0), T1DM adolescents\/young adults (5.68\/7.0), and HCPs (5.22\/7.0). Various app features, as well as the overall app experience, were rated positively by the participants.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The results strongly support the usability of mHealth-based interventions in T1DM care, especially in overcoming care shortage and improving diabetes management and communications between HCPs and patients. Further studies are needed to compare the effectiveness of apps used to support T1DM management with routine care.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fdgth.2024.1338857","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,17]],"date-time":"2024-06-17T05:10:20Z","timestamp":1718601020000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Evaluating usability of and satisfaction with mHealth app in rural and remote areas\u2014Germany GIZ collaboration in Bosnia-Herzegovina to optimize type 1 diabetes care"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Bushra","family":"Ali 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