{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,24]],"date-time":"2026-02-24T10:03:31Z","timestamp":1771927411710,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":92,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,26]],"date-time":"2026-01-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769385600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Digit. Health"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ageing is accompanied by gradual biological and cognitive changes that increase vulnerability to chronic diseases and neurodegenerative conditions. As populations age, dementia prevalence continues to rise, highlighting the need for earlier detection and personalised prevention strategies. Against this background, the COMFORTage project, funded by Horizon Europe, brings together a multidisciplinary consortium across 12 countries to advance innovative, scalable solutions for dementia care. By integrating digital platforms, biomarker research, and precision medicine, COMFORTage seeks to develop artificial intelligence (AI)\u2013driven tools that support more precise and adaptive interventions. Central to this effort are the Virtualized AI-Based Healthcare Platform and Patient Digital Twins, which enable personalised monitoring and decision support. Within this framework, Pilot 3 at Ace Alzheimer Center Barcelona focuses on individuals with mild cognitive impairment and mild Alzheimer's disease dementia, evaluating the effects of cognitive and functional stimulation and contributing multimodal data to optimise the AI platform.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Pilot 3 is a randomised, open-label study involving retrospective and prospective datasets. Participants undergo clinical, genetic, neuropsychological, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and plasma biomarker assessments, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and spontaneous speech analysis. The primary outcomes assess cognitive decline using composite scores from the Neuropsychological Battery used in Ace (NBACE), targeting attention, memory, visuospatial\/perceptual functions, executive functions, and language, over a two-year follow-up. Three digital platforms provided by the consortium will be used as cognitive and functional stimulation tools for participants. The intervention's effects on cognitive decline will be evaluated through changes in NBACE composite scores. Secondary objectives include assessing impacts on physical, psychological, social, and functional well-being; examining associations between biological variables and cognitive changes; and analyzing spontaneous speech as a remote, scalable proxy for cognitive status.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Findings from Pilot 3 will contribute to COMFORTage's broader mission, offering critical insights into the scalability and real-world implementation of AI-powered dementia care solutions. This integrated approach highlights the potential of precision medicine and advanced digital tools to elevate global standards in dementia management.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Clinical Trial Registration<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>identifier NCT07031167.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fdgth.2025.1633507","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,26]],"date-time":"2026-01-26T07:09:11Z","timestamp":1769411351000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The COMFORTage project: study protocol for the integration of multiple sources towards personalised preventions at Ace Alzheimer Center Barcelona"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Sergi","family":"Valero","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Ace Alzheimer Center Barcelona, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya","place":["Barcelona, Spain"]},{"name":"Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III","place":["Madrid, Spain"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Miguel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ace Alzheimer Center Barcelona, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya","place":["Barcelona, Spain"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Josep","family":"Blazquez-Folch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ace Alzheimer Center Barcelona, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya","place":["Barcelona, Spain"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Berta","family":"Calm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ace Alzheimer Center Barcelona, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya","place":["Barcelona, Spain"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Montserrat","family":"Alegret","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ace Alzheimer Center Barcelona, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya","place":["Barcelona, Spain"]},{"name":"Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III","place":["Madrid, Spain"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ariadna","family":"Solivar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ace Alzheimer Center Barcelona, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya","place":["Barcelona, Spain"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"George","family":"Manias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Digital Systems, University of Piraeus","place":["Piraeus, Greece"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Athos","family":"Antoniades","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stremble Ventures LTD","place":["Limassol, Cyprus"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nelina","family":"Angelova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Innovation Sprint srl, Clos Chapelle-aux-Champs","place":["Brussels, Belgium"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Despina","family":"Psimaris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Maggioli Spa","place":["Athens, Italy"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sofia","family":"Segkouli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Research and Technology Hellas, Information Technologies Institute (CERTH\/ITI)","place":["Thessaloniki, Greece"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Am\u00e8rica","family":"Morera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ace Alzheimer Center Barcelona, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya","place":["Barcelona, Spain"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Natalia","family":"Tantinya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ace Alzheimer Center Barcelona, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya","place":["Barcelona, Spain"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maitee","family":"Rosende-Roca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ace Alzheimer Center Barcelona, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya","place":["Barcelona, Spain"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amanda","family":"Cano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ace Alzheimer Center Barcelona, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya","place":["Barcelona, Spain"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria Victoria","family":"Fern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ace Alzheimer Center Barcelona, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya","place":["Barcelona, Spain"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pilar","family":"Sanz-Cartagena","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ace Alzheimer Center Barcelona, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya","place":["Barcelona, Spain"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Miren Jone","family":"Gurruchaga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ace Alzheimer Center Barcelona, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya","place":["Barcelona, Spain"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Llu\u00eds","family":"T\u00e1rraga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ace Alzheimer Center Barcelona, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya","place":["Barcelona, Spain"]},{"name":"Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III","place":["Madrid, Spain"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Merc\u00e8","family":"Boada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ace Alzheimer Center Barcelona, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya","place":["Barcelona, Spain"]},{"name":"Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III","place":["Madrid, Spain"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Agust\u00edn","family":"Ruiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ace Alzheimer Center Barcelona, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya","place":["Barcelona, Spain"]},{"name":"Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III","place":["Madrid, Spain"]},{"name":"Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer\u2019s & Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center","place":["San Antonio, TX, United States"]},{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, Long School of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center","place":["San Antonio, TX, United States"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marta","family":"Marqui\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ace Alzheimer Center Barcelona, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya","place":["Barcelona, Spain"]},{"name":"Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III","place":["Madrid, Spain"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"name":"and COMFORTage Consortium","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1569","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.12535","article-title":"Primary prevention recommendations to reduce the risk of cognitive decline","volume":"18","author":"Sabbagh","year":"2022","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.1038\/s41582-018-0070-3","article-title":"Lifestyle interventions to prevent cognitive impairment, dementia and alzheimer disease","volume":"14","author":"Kivipelto","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurol"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trsl.2020.01.002","article-title":"Frailty and cognitive decline","volume":"221","author":"de Morais Fabr\u00edcio","year":"2020","journal-title":"Transl Res"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1023","DOI":"10.1177\/13872877241309081","article-title":"Frailty increases the risk of alzheimer\u2019s disease in non-demented individuals: a longitudinal cohort study","volume":"103","author":"Sheng","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Alzheimers Dis"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e70235","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.70235","article-title":"2025 alzheimer\u2019s disease facts and figures","volume":"21","year":"2025","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e105","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-2667(21)00249-8","article-title":"Estimation of the global prevalence of dementia in 2019 and forecasted prevalence in 2050: an analysis for the global burden of disease study 2019","volume":"7","author":"Nichols","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet Public Health"},{"key":"B7","volume-title":"Dementia in Europe Yearbook 2019: Estimating the Prevalence of Dementia in Europe Luxembourg","year":"2019"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2865","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.12901","article-title":"The worldwide costs of dementia in 2019","volume":"19","author":"Wimo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1212\/01.CON.0000293545.39683.cc","article-title":"Mild cognitive impairment","volume":"10","author":"Petersen","year":"2004","journal-title":"Continuum (Minneap Minn)"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S47","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-179932","article-title":"Revolution of alzheimer precision neurology. Passageway of systems biology and neurophysiology","volume":"64","author":"Hampel","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Alzheimers Dis"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1111\/joim.12190","article-title":"Mild cognitive impairment: a concept in evolution","volume":"275","author":"Petersen","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Intern Med"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1174","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2019.1971","article-title":"Prevalence of biologically vs clinically defined alzheimer spectrum entities using the national institute on aging\u2013alzheimer\u2019s association research framework","volume":"76","author":"Jack","year":"2019","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-122002","article-title":"A longitudinal follow-up of 550 mild cognitive impairment patients: evidence for large conversion to dementia rates and detection of major risk factors involved","volume":"34","author":"Espinosa","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Alzheimers Dis"},{"key":"B14","year":""},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1289406","DOI":"10.3389\/fnbot.2023.1289406","article-title":"Intelligent digital tools for screening of brain connectivity and dementia risk estimation in people affected by mild cognitive impairment: the AI-mind clinical study protocol","volume":"17","author":"Haraldsen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Neurorobot"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1051543","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2022.1051543","article-title":"The European prevention of alzheimer\u2019s dementia programme: an innovative medicines initiative-funded partnership to facilitate secondary prevention of alzheimer\u2019s disease dementia","volume":"13","author":"Saunders","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1078","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.12123","article-title":"World-wide FINGERS network: a global approach to risk reduction and prevention of dementia","volume":"16","author":"Kivipelto","year":"2020","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement"},{"key":"B18","year":""},{"key":"B19","first-page":"1","article-title":"iHELP: personalised health monitoring and decision support based on artificial intelligence and holistic health records","author":"Manias","year":"2021"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.14283\/jpad.2016.122","article-title":"FACEHBI: a prospective study of risk factors, biomarkers and cognition in a cohort of individuals with subjective cognitive decline. Study rationale and research protocols","volume":"4","author":"Rodriguez-Gomez","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Prev Alzheimers Dis"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-024-02709-z","article-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s disease biomarkers and their current use in clinical research and practice","volume":"30","author":"Hunter","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121550","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2025.121550","article-title":"Multimodal integration of plasma biomarkers, MRI, and genetic risk to predict cerebral amyloid burden in alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"322","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1186\/s13195-024-01394-y","article-title":"Unveiling the sound of the cognitive status: machine learning-based speech analysis in the alzheimer\u2019s disease spectrum","volume":"16","author":"Garc\u00eda-Guti\u00e9rrez","year":"2024","journal-title":"Alzheimers Res Ther"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1221401","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2023.1221401","article-title":"Harnessing acoustic speech parameters to decipher amyloid status in individuals with mild cognitive impairment","volume":"17","author":"Garc\u00eda-Guti\u00e9rrez","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Neurosci"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4870","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awad253","article-title":"Speech and language markers of neurodegeneration: a call for global equity","volume":"46","author":"Garc\u00eda","year":"2023","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1080\/13803395.2011.630652","article-title":"Normative data of a brief neuropsychological battery for Spanish individuals older than 49","volume":"34","author":"Alegret","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Clin Exp Neuropsychol"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e76436","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0076436","article-title":"Cut-off scores of a brief neuropsychological battery (NBACE) for Spanish individual adults older than 44 years old","volume":"8","author":"Alegret","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.56.3.303","article-title":"Mild cognitive impairment: clinical characterization and outcome","volume":"56","author":"Petersen","year":"1999","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.43.11.2412-a","article-title":"The clinical dementia rating (CDR): current version and scoring rules","volume":"61","author":"Morris","year":"1993","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2011.03.005","article-title":"The diagnosis of dementia due to alzheimer\u2019s disease: recommendations from the national institute on aging-alzheimer\u2019s association workgroups on diagnostic guidelines for alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"7","author":"McKhann","year":"2011","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2013.03.006","article-title":"Design of a comprehensive alzheimer\u2019s disease clinic and research center in Spain to meet critical patient and family needs","volume":"10","author":"Boada","year":"2014","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3956(75)90026-6","article-title":"\u201cMini-mental state\u201d: a practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician","volume":"12","author":"Folstein","year":"1975","journal-title":"J Psychiatr Res"},{"key":"B33","first-page":"344","article-title":"Spanish version of the 7 minute screening neurocognitive battery. Normative data of an elderly population sample over 70","volume":"19","author":"del Ser","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neurologia"},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(74)91496-2","article-title":"Multi-infarct dementia. A cause of mental deterioration in the elderly","volume":"2","author":"Hachinski","year":"1974","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"B35","first-page":"317","article-title":"Neuropsychiatric inventory questionnaire (NPI-Q): Spanish validation of an abridged form of the neuropsychiatric inventory (NPI)","volume":"17","author":"Boada","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neurologia"},{"key":"B36","first-page":"1136","article-title":"The global deterioration scale for assessment of primary degenerative dementia","volume":"139","author":"Reisberg","year":"1982","journal-title":"Neurologia"},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.114.512.797","article-title":"The association between quantitative measures of dementia and of senile change in the cerebral grey matter of elderly subjects","volume":"114","author":"Blessed","year":"1968","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry"},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"735","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(06)70537-3","article-title":"Risk score for the prediction of dementia risk in 20 years among middle aged people: a longitudinal, population-based study","volume":"5","author":"Kivipelto","year":"2006","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"622","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.1968.tb02103.x","article-title":"Cumulative illness rating scale","volume":"16","author":"Linn","year":"1968","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"808","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2014.03.003","article-title":"The clinical use of cerebrospinal fluid biomarker testing for alzheimer\u2019s disease diagnosis: a consensus paper from the alzheimer\u2019s biomarkers standardization initiative","volume":"10","author":"Molinuevo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement"},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6891","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23136891","article-title":"Establishing in-house cutoffs of CSF alzheimer\u2019s disease biomarkers for the AT(N) stratification of the alzheimer center Barcelona cohort","volume":"23","author":"Orellana","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105345","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2024.105345","article-title":"Clinical value of plasma pTau181 to predict alzheimer\u2019s disease pathology in a large real-world cohort of a memory clinic","volume":"108","author":"Cano","year":"2024","journal-title":"EBioMedicine"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1333","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2019.06.4950","article-title":"Genome-wide association analysis of dementia and its clinical endophenotypes reveal novel loci associated with alzheimer\u2019s disease and three causality networks: the GR@ACE project","volume":"15","author":"Moreno-Grau","year":"2019","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1038\/s41588-022-01024-z","article-title":"New insights into the genetic etiology of Alzheimer\u2019s disease and related dementias","volume":"54","author":"Bellenguez","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"B45","year":""},{"key":"B46","year":""},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.3390\/risks9030046","article-title":"Risk assessment for personalized health insurance based on real-world data","volume":"9","author":"Pnevmatikakis","year":"2021","journal-title":"Risks"},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1488687","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2024.1488687","article-title":"Benchmarking the clinical outcomes of healthentia SaMD in chronic disease management: a systematic literature review comparison","volume":"12","author":"Kyriazakos","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Public Health"},{"key":"B49","year":""},{"key":"B50","volume-title":"Linguistic Games","year":"2025"},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1145\/3709144","article-title":"Social Media apps: a paradigm for examining usability of mobile apps for working-age adults with mild-moderate cognitive disabilities","volume":"18","author":"Huang","year":"2025","journal-title":"ACM Trans Access Comput"},{"key":"B52","volume-title":"Usability and Accessibility","year":"2021"},{"key":"B53","volume-title":"ISO 9241-11:2018(en) Ergonomics of Human-System Interaction \u2014 Part 11: Usability: Definitions and Concepts","year":""},{"key":"B54","volume-title":"Guidelines","year":"2024"},{"key":"B55","volume-title":"WCAG 2 Overview","year":"2005"},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-61543-6_27","article-title":"Enhancing older Adults\u2019 motivation for social interaction: exploring design principles of social Media Mobile applications through a self-determination theory (SDT) approach","volume-title":"Human Aspects of IT for the Aged Population","author":"Meng","year":"2024"},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1007\/s43621-024-00217-2","article-title":"Early dementia detection with speech analysis and machine learning techniques","volume":"5","author":"Jahan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Discov Sustain"},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10462-024-10961-6","article-title":"Speech based detection of alzheimer\u2019s disease: a survey of AI techniques, datasets and challenges","volume":"57","author":"Ding","year":"2024","journal-title":"Artif Intell Rev"},{"key":"B59","first-page":"4768","article-title":"A unified approach to interpreting model predictions","author":"Lundberg","year":"2017"},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1253050","DOI":"10.3389\/fdgth.2023.1253050","article-title":"Digital twin for healthcare systems","volume":"7","author":"Vall\u00e9e","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Digit Health"},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1508","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare11101508","article-title":"Interprofessional needs analysis and user-centred prototype evaluation as a foundation for building individualized digital education in dementia healthcare supported by artificial intelligence: a study protocol","volume":"11","author":"Malek","year":"2023","journal-title":"Healthcare"},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"630","DOI":"10.1093\/eurjcn\/zvac048","article-title":"Understanding and assessing gamification in digital healthcare interventions for patients with cardiovascular disease","volume":"21","author":"Berglund","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur J Cardiovasc Nurs"},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"623237","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2020.623237","article-title":"Towards computer-based automated screening of dementia through spontaneous speech","volume":"11","author":"Chlasta","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Psychol"},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e208","DOI":"10.3399\/BJGP.2023.0180","article-title":"Preventive interventions to improve older people\u2019s health outcomes: systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"74","author":"Palapar","year":"2024","journal-title":"Br J Gen Pract"},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16503","DOI":"10.3390\/su152316503","article-title":"Digital health interventions for promoting healthy aging: a systematic review of adoption patterns, efficacy, and user experience","volume":"15","author":"Alruwaili","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3181cb3e25","article-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s disease neuroimaging initiative (ADNI)","volume":"74","author":"Petersen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"B67","volume-title":"Open Access Series of Imaging Studies (OASIS)","year":"2007"},{"key":"B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"582","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci15060582","article-title":"Neurotechnological approaches to cognitive rehabilitation in mild cognitive impairment: a systematic review of neuromodulation, EEG, virtual reality, and emerging AI applications","volume":"15","author":"Gkintoni","year":"2025","journal-title":"Brain Sci"},{"key":"B69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1186\/s13195-023-01365-9","article-title":"Multimodal lifestyle engagement patterns support cognitive stability beyond neuropathological burden","volume":"15","author":"Paolillo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Alzheimers Res Ther"},{"key":"B70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1085","DOI":"10.3390\/cells13131085","article-title":"Predicting longitudinal cognitive decline and alzheimer\u2019s conversion in mild cognitive impairment patients based on plasma biomarkers","volume":"13","author":"Park","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"B71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121264","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2025.121264","article-title":"Integration of automatic MRI segmentation techniques with neuropsychological assessments for early diagnosis and prognosis of alzheimer\u2019s disease. A systematic review","volume":"314","author":"Bonarota","year":"2025","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"B72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1111\/jpim.12176","article-title":"PERSPECTIVE: older adults\u2019 adoption of technology: an integrated approach to identifying determinants and barriers","volume":"32","author":"Lee","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Prod Innov Manage"},{"key":"B73","volume-title":"Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS-III)","author":"Wechsler","year":"1997"},{"key":"B74","volume-title":"Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI-III)","author":"Wechsler","year":"2002"},{"key":"B75","volume-title":"Boston Naming Test","author":"Goodglass","year":"2001"},{"key":"B76","volume-title":"Neuropsychological Assessment","author":"Lezak","year":"2004"},{"key":"B77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1093\/arclin\/10.6.511","article-title":"Poppelreuter-Ghent\u2019s overlapping figures test: its sensitivity to age, and its clinical use","volume":"10","author":"Sala","year":"1995","journal-title":"Arch Clin Neuropsychol"},{"key":"B78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.48.4.517","article-title":"In reply to Adams\u2019s \u201cin search of luria\u2019s battery: a false start.\u201d","volume":"48","author":"Golden","year":"1980","journal-title":"J Consult Clin Psychol"},{"key":"B79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"762","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.39.6.762","article-title":"Cognitive slowing in parkinson\u2019s disease fails to respond to levodopa treatment: the 15-objects test","volume":"39","author":"Pillon","year":"1989","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"B80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-46658-8_14","article-title":"The SKT \u2014 a short cognitive performance test as an instrument for the assessment of clinical efficacy of cognition enhancers","volume-title":"Diagnosis and Treatment of senile Dementia","author":"Erzigkeit","year":"1989"},{"key":"B81","volume-title":"Clock Drawing: A Neuropsychological Analysis","author":"Freedman","year":"1994"},{"key":"B82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.1983.tb09716.x","article-title":"The hospital anxiety and depression scale","volume":"67","author":"Zigmond","year":"1983","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr Scand"},{"key":"B83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"914","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1963.03060120024016","article-title":"Studies of illness in the aged: the index of ADL: a standardized measure of biological and psychosocial function","volume":"185","author":"Katz","year":"1963","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"B84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1093\/geront\/9.3_Part_1.179","article-title":"Assessment of older people: self-maintaining and instrumental activities of daily living","volume":"9","author":"Lawton","year":"1969","journal-title":"Gerontologist"},{"key":"B85","first-page":"21","article-title":"Quality of life in alzheimer\u2019s disease: patient and caregiver reports","volume":"5","author":"Logsdon","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Ment Health Aging"},{"key":"B86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3956(82)90033-4","article-title":"Development and validation of a geriatric depression screening scale: a preliminary report","volume":"17","author":"Yesavage","year":"1982","journal-title":"J Psychiatr Res"},{"key":"B87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-1781(89)90047-4","article-title":"The Pittsburgh sleep quality index: a new instrument for psychiatric practice and research","volume":"28","author":"Buysse","year":"1989","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res"},{"key":"B88","first-page":"213","article-title":"Development of an instrument measuring user satisfaction of the human-computer interface","author":"Chin","year":"1988"},{"key":"B89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"791","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.1993.tb02093.x","article-title":"Development of the alcohol use disorders identification test (AUDIT): WHO collaborative project on early detection of persons with harmful alcohol consumption-II","volume":"88","author":"Saunders","year":"1993","journal-title":"Addiction"},{"key":"B90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"472","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.39.3.472","article-title":"The revised UCLA loneliness scale: concurrent and discriminant validity evidence","volume":"39","author":"Russell","year":"1980","journal-title":"J Pers Soc Psychol"},{"key":"B91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1381","DOI":"10.1249\/01.MSS.0000078924.61453.FB","article-title":"International physical activity questionnaire: 12-country reliability and validity","volume":"35","author":"Craig","year":"2003","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc"},{"key":"B92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S59","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1753-4887.1996.tb03793.x","article-title":"Assessing the nutritional status of the elderly: the mini nutritional assessment as part of the geriatric evaluation","volume":"54","author":"Guigoz","year":"1996","journal-title":"Nutr Rev"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Digital Health"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fdgth.2025.1633507\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,24]],"date-time":"2026-02-24T09:11:15Z","timestamp":1771924275000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fdgth.2025.1633507\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,26]]},"references-count":92,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fdgth.2025.1633507"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fdgth.2025.1633507","relation":{},"ISSN":["2673-253X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2673-253X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,26]]},"article-number":"1633507"}}