{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,6]],"date-time":"2026-02-06T02:46:41Z","timestamp":1770346001960,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,5]],"date-time":"2026-02-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770249600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Digit. Health"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Atrial fibrillation and flutter are heart rhythm disorders frequently associated with multiple other chronic conditions, complicating their management and requiring optimized care. Analyzing pre-atrial fibrillation and flutter comorbidity patterns could enable proactive, preventive, and personalized healthcare.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This population-based nested case-control study analyzed data from the Korean National Health Insurance Corporation (2002\u20132019). Adults aged \u226519 years with at least three years of recorded claims were included. Cases were individuals newly diagnosed with atrial fibrillation and flutter between 2007 and 2019 following a washout period (2002\u20132006). Controls were matched 1:4 using stratified random sampling. Using 5-year disease histories, BEHRT, a transformer-based model, predicted atrial fibrillation and flutter, while BERTopic identified sex-specific multimorbidity patterns. Predictive performance was evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>BEHRT achieved an AUC of 0.80 for predicting atrial fibrillation and flutter among 600,030 participants (8,661 cases and 591,369 controls). BERTopic analysis revealed sex-specific multimorbidity patterns: aortic aneurysm, hypertensive heart disease, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were common in males, while Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and rheumatic heart disease were prominent in females.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The combination of BEHRT and BERTopic demonstrated the ability to predict atrial fibrillation and flutter based on multimorbid histories while identifying distinct sex-specific disease patterns. These findings underscore the potential for artificial intelligence to enhance personalized healthcare and optimize prevention and management strategies for chronic conditions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fdgth.2026.1722338","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,5]],"date-time":"2026-02-05T13:06:13Z","timestamp":1770296773000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Predicting atrial fibrillation and flutter using BEHRT and identifying multimorbidity patterns using BERTopic"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Sookyung","family":"Bae","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Integrated Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine","place":["Seoul, Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yeonjae","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Medicine, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine","place":["Seoul, Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Samina","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital","place":["Seoul, Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hwiyoung","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine","place":["Seoul, Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bomi","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Medicine, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine","place":["Seoul, Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105067","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archger.2023.105067","article-title":"Multimorbidity patterns in the German general population aged 40 years and over","volume":"114","author":"Amirzada","year":"2023","journal-title":"Arch Gerontol Geriatr"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"614","DOI":"10.1057\/s41292-022-00285-5","article-title":"The emergence of multimorbidity as a matter of concern: a critical review","volume":"18","author":"van Blarikom","year":"2023","journal-title":"BioSocieties"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)60240-2","article-title":"Epidemiology of multimorbidity and implications for health care, research, and medical education: a cross-sectional study","volume":"380","author":"Barnett","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e16","DOI":"10.1016\/S2589-7500(22)00187-X","article-title":"Identifying and visualising multimorbidity and comorbidity patterns in patients in the English national health service: a population-based study","volume":"5","author":"Kuan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet Digit Health"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2019.00175","article-title":"Atrial fibrillation in older people: concepts and controversies","volume":"6","author":"Zathar","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Med"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/euac144","article-title":"Searching for atrial fibrillation: looking harder, looking longer, and in increasingly sophisticated ways. 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