{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T06:22:37Z","timestamp":1787638957613,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787616000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Digit. Health"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly entering the field of medical oncology. Clinician literacy, ethical awareness, and governance structures are prerequisites for safe implementation, yet real-world data on adoption, training and ethical perceptions from small European healthcare systems remain scarce.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We conducted an anonymous national cross-sectional online survey among all practicing physicians (medical oncologists, radiation oncologists, haematologist-oncologists) and oncology residents in Luxembourg (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200942 eligible) between January and February 2026. The instrument covered AI knowledge, use, attitudes, ethical\/legal perspectives, barriers and training needs. Proportions are reported with 95% Wilson score confidence intervals; analyses were descriptive.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In total 25 physicians responded (59.5%), 88% (95% CI 70.0\u201395.8) of whom had no formal AI training. All respondents had used large language models (LLMs), with 52% (33.5\u201370.0) reporting professional use for non-clinical tasks and 20% (8.9\u201339.1) for clinical decision support. Most participants (84%; 65.3\u201393.6) supported the use of AI as a clinical decision-support tool, yet 88% (70.0\u201395.8) of physicians perceived they would bear primarily legal responsibility for AI-related errors. The main barriers to implementation were lack of validated tools (68%; 48.4\u201382.8) and regulatory\/legal uncertainty (64%; 44.5\u201379.8). Notably, 76% (56.6\u201388.5) of respondents reported encountering patients who brought AI-generated medical information to consultations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>AI adoption among oncologists in Luxembourg is already widespread, including emerging clinical use, despite limited formal training and unresolved medico-legal frameworks. This \u201cimplementation\u2013governance gap\u201d highlights the need for structured education, validated clinical tools, and regulatory clarity to ensure safe and ethically sound integration of AI into oncology practice.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fdgth.2026.1860757","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T05:35:10Z","timestamp":1787636110000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Oncologists' knowledge, attitudes and needs about artificial intelligence in clinical oncology in Luxembourg in 2026: a national cross-sectional survey (AICO study)"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Dominic","family":"Kaddu-Mulindwa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre Hospitalier du Nord","place":["Ettelbruck, Luxembourg"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xianqing","family":"Mao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Science, Technology and Medicine (FSTM), Department of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Luxembourg","place":["Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caroline","family":"Duhem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology-Oncology and Cancer Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg","place":["Luxembourg City, Luxembourg"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sigrid","family":"de Wilde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology-Oncology and Cancer Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg","place":["Luxembourg City, Luxembourg"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"Rauh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre Hospitalier Emile Mayrisch","place":["Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gilles","family":"Klein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre Hospitalier Emile Mayrisch","place":["Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frank","family":"Jacob","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre Hospitalier du Nord","place":["Ettelbruck, Luxembourg"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sophie","family":"Servais","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Science, Technology and Medicine (FSTM), Department of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Luxembourg","place":["Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg"]},{"name":"Department of Hematology-Oncology and Cancer Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg","place":["Luxembourg City, 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