{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T09:55:06Z","timestamp":1790589306611,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":102,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790553600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007059","name":"Univerzita Palack\u00e9ho v Olomouci","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007059","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Digit. Health"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Digital health technologies offer substantial potential to support physical activity among older adults, yet their development and implementation often remain driven by technological possibilities rather than clinical evidence and user needs. This position paper, developed within the PhysAgeNet COST Action, synthesizes current evidence and expert consensus to provide recommendations for designing, evaluating, and implementing technology-assisted physical activity interventions for older adults. We first outline key technology categories and functions relevant to physical activity promotion, including wearables, exergames, mobile applications, telehealth platforms, and smart environments, and highlight critical technical requirements such as accuracy, reliability, connectivity, interoperability, and data security. We then emphasize the need to align digital interventions with established clinical guidelines for physical activity, falls prevention, frailty, and sarcopenia, including explicit specification of exercise dose according to FITT-VP principles and robust monitoring of dual adherence to both physical activity and technology use. Building on technology acceptance models and behavior change theories, we describe how user-centered and co-creative design processes can translate theoretical constructs into concrete digital features that enhance motivation, enjoyment, and long-term engagement. Finally, we propose stakeholder-specific guidance for developers, researchers, and clinicians, including recommendations on user assessment, recruitment of vulnerable groups, implementation frameworks, and clinically grounded evaluation of outcomes and usability. Together, these recommendations provide a pragmatic roadmap for moving from a technology-push paradigm toward evidence-based, acceptable, and equitable technology-assisted physical activity interventions that can be sustainably integrated into routine practice for older adults.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fdgth.2026.1913687","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T08:57:29Z","timestamp":1790585849000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Recommendations for the development, implementation, and evaluation of technology-assisted physical activity interventions to support healthy aging: insights from PhysAgeNet"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Nadja","family":"Schott","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology and Human Movement Science, Institute for Sport and Movement Science, University of Stuttgart","place":["Stuttgart, Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jana","family":"Pelclov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Physical Culture, Palack\u00fd University Olomouc","place":["Olomouc, Czechia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eleftheria","family":"Giannouli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rehabilitation Engineering Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich","place":["Zurich, Switzerland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antoine","family":"Langeard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"COMETE U1075, Universit\u00e9 de Caen Normandie, INSERM, CYCERON","place":["Caen, France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"McCrum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, Institute of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University","place":["Maastricht, Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosemary","family":"Dubbeldam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Movement Science, Institute of Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of M\u00fcnster","place":["M\u00fcnster, Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rafael A.","family":"Bernardes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nursing Research Innovation and Development Centre of Lisbon (CIDNUR), School of Nursing of the University of Lisbon (ESEUL)","place":["Lisbon, Portugal"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arben","family":"Boshnjaku","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University \u201cFehmi Agani\u201d in Gjakova","place":["Gjakov\u00eb, Kosovo"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Beckw\u00e9e","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rehabilitation Research Group, Department of Physiotherapy, Human Physiology and Anatomy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel","place":["Jette, Belgium"]},{"name":"Research Group MOVANT, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences and Physiotherapy, Universiteit Antwerpen","place":["Wilrijk, Belgium"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1186\/s11556-023-00318-3","article-title":"Evidence-based yet still challenging! research on physical activity in old age","volume":"20","author":"Brach","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur Rev Aging Phys Act"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e65746","DOI":"10.2196\/65746","article-title":"Technology-assisted physical activity interventions for older people in their home-based environment: scoping review","volume":"8","author":"Dubbeldam","year":"2025","journal-title":"JMIR Aging"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1186\/s11556-025-00387-6","article-title":"Staying engaged: a scoping review of psychological and motivational drivers of adherence to technology-supported physical activity in older adults","volume":"22","author":"Geelen","year":"2025","journal-title":"Eur Rev Aging Phys Act"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1186\/s12874-025-02659-2","article-title":"Key considerations and recommendations for recruiting older adults in physical activity studies","volume":"25","author":"Lee","year":"2025","journal-title":"BMC Med Res Methodol"},{"key":"B5","author":"McCrum","year":"2023"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105287","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmedinf.2023.105287","article-title":"Home-based exercise interventions delivered by technology in older adults: a scoping review of technological tools usage","volume":"181","author":"Raquel Costa-Brito","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int J Med Inf"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1451","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2020-102955","article-title":"World health organization 2020 guidelines on physical activity and sedentary behaviour","volume":"54","author":"Bull","year":"2020","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"730","DOI":"10.1136\/ard-2023-225041","article-title":"EULAR recommendations for the non-pharmacological core management of hip and knee osteoarthritis: 2023 update","volume":"83","author":"Moseng","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"afac205","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afac205","article-title":"World guidelines for falls prevention and management for older adults: a global initiative","volume":"51","author":"Montero-Odasso","year":"2022","journal-title":"Age Ageing"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsams.2024.09.003","article-title":"Exercise and sports science Australia updated position statement on exercise for preventing falls in older people living in the community","volume":"28","author":"Tiedemann","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Sci Med Sport"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1186\/s12966-020-01041-3","article-title":"Evidence on physical activity and falls prevention for people aged 65+ years: systematic review to inform the WHO guidelines on physical activity and sedentary behaviour","volume":"17","author":"Sherrington","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afac003","article-title":"Resistance exercise as a treatment for sarcopenia: prescription and delivery","volume":"51","author":"Hurst","year":"2022","journal-title":"Age Ageing"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1007\/s12603-022-1801-0","article-title":"Screening, diagnosis and management of sarcopenia and frailty in hospitalized older adults: recommendations from the Australian and New Zealand society for sarcopenia and frailty research (ANZSSFR). expert working group","volume":"26","author":"Daly","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Nutr Health Aging"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1007\/s11914-023-00777-8","article-title":"Exercise to prevent and manage frailty and fragility fractures","volume":"21","author":"Dent","year":"2023","journal-title":"Curr Osteoporos Rep"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1159\/000382065","article-title":"Physical exercise as therapy for frailty","volume":"83","author":"Aguirre","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nestle Nutr Inst Workshop Ser"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2069","DOI":"10.1007\/s40520-021-01802-5","article-title":"Evidence-based recommendations for resistance and power training to prevent frailty in community-dwellers","volume":"33","author":"Coelho-J\u00fanior","year":"2021","journal-title":"Aging Clin Exp Res"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1111\/jan.15067","article-title":"Clinical practice guidelines for the prevention and management of frailty: a systematic review","volume":"78","author":"Zheng","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Adv Nurs"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"824","DOI":"10.1007\/s12603-021-1665-8","article-title":"International exercise recommendations in older adults (ICFSR): expert consensus guidelines","volume":"25","author":"Izquierdo","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Nutr Health Aging"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100401","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnha.2024.100401","article-title":"Global consensus on optimal exercise recommendations for enhancing healthy longevity in older adults (ICFSR)","volume":"29","author":"Izquierdo","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Nutr Health Aging"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1334","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0b013e318213fefb","article-title":"Quantity and quality of exercise for developing and maintaining cardiorespiratory, musculoskeletal, and neuromotor fitness in apparently healthy adults: guidance for prescribing exercise","volume":"43","author":"Garber","year":"2011","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1038\/s41746-024-00998-w","article-title":"Artificial intelligence-driven virtual rehabilitation for people living in the community: a scoping review","volume":"7","author":"Abedi","year":"2024","journal-title":"NPJ Digit Med"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2017.00208","article-title":"User experience, actual use, and effectiveness of an information communication technology-supported home exercise program for pre-frail older adults","volume":"4","author":"Dekker-van Weering","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front Med (Lausanne)"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113061","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2020.113061","article-title":"Effects of physical activity on brain function and structure in older adults: a systematic review","volume":"402","author":"Domingos","year":"2021","journal-title":"Behav Brain Res"},{"key":"B24","volume-title":"ISO 9241-11:2018 Ergonomics of Human-system interaction\u2014part 11: Usability: Definitions and Concepts","year":"2018"},{"key":"B25","volume-title":"ISO 9241-171:2025 Ergonomics of Human-system interaction\u2014part 171: Software Accessibility","year":"2025"},{"key":"B26","volume-title":"IEC 62304:2006\/AMD1:2015 Medical Device software\u2014software Life cycle Processes","year":"2015"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"899","DOI":"10.1093\/jamia\/ocv189","article-title":"SMART on FHIR: a stan-dards-based, interoperable apps platform for electronic health records","volume":"23","author":"Mandel","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Am Med Inform Assoc"},{"key":"B28","first-page":"578","volume-title":"Belief, Attitude, Intention and Behavior: An Introduction to Theory and Research","author":"Fishbein","year":"1975"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e20111","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2023.e20111","article-title":"Factors influencing technology use among low-income older adults: a systematic review","volume":"9","author":"Chan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.2307\/249008","article-title":"Perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and user acceptance of information technology","volume":"13","author":"Davis","year":"1989","journal-title":"MIS Q"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare13030250","article-title":"Understanding psychosocial barriers to healthcare technology adoption: a review of TAM technology acceptance model and unified theory of acceptance and use of technology and UTAUT frameworks","volume":"13","author":"Lee","year":"2025","journal-title":"Healthcare (Basel)"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.4017\/gt.2019.18.2.002.00","article-title":"Understanding the use and non-use of social communication technologies by older adults: a qualitative test and extension of the UTAUT model","volume":"18","author":"Bixter","year":"2019","journal-title":"Gerontechnology"},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-10308-7_2","article-title":"Different perspectives on technology acceptance: the role of technology type and age","volume-title":"HCI and Usability for e-inclusion: 5th Symposium of the Workgroup Human-Computer Interaction and Usability Engineering of the Austrian Computer Society, USAB 2009, Linz, Austria, November 9-10, 2009;","author":"Arning","year":"2009"},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1287\/mnsc.46.2.186.11926","article-title":"A theoretical extension of the technology acceptance model: four longitudinal field studies","volume":"46","author":"Venkatesh","year":"2000","journal-title":"Manage Sci"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.2307\/30036540","article-title":"User acceptance of information technology: toward a unified view","volume":"27","author":"Venkatesh","year":"2003","journal-title":"MIS Q"},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.2307\/41410412","article-title":"Consumer acceptance and use of information technology: extending the unified theory of acceptance and use of Technology1","volume":"36","author":"Venkatesh","year":"2012","journal-title":"MIS Q"},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1080\/00140139.2014.895855","article-title":"Gerontechnology acceptance by elderly Hong Kong Chinese: a senior technology acceptance model (STAM)","volume":"57","author":"Chen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ergonomics"},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1093\/geront\/gny113","article-title":"Technology adoption by older adults: findings from the PRISM trial","volume":"59","author":"Mitzner","year":"2019","journal-title":"Gerontologist"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102918","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychsport.2025.102918","article-title":"Health behaviour change: theories, progress, and recommendations for the next generation of physical activity research","volume":"80","author":"Simpson","year":"2025","journal-title":"Psychol Sport Exerc"},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1186\/s12966-024-01694-4","article-title":"The effectiveness of digital physical activity interventions in older adults: a systematic umbrella review and meta-meta-analysis","volume":"21","author":"Alley","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act"},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116187","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2024.116187","article-title":"Using physical health apps to promote healthy lifestyles in youth mental healthcare: a nationwide perspective-gathering exercise of over 400 service users","volume":"342","author":"Firth","year":"2024","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res"},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exger.2019.02.020","article-title":"Digital behavior change interventions to promote physical activity and\/or reduce sedentary behavior in older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"120","author":"Stockwell","year":"2019","journal-title":"Exp Gerontol"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/0749-5978(91)90020-t","article-title":"The theory of planned behavior","volume":"50","author":"Ajzen","year":"1991","journal-title":"Organ Behav Hum Decis Process"},{"key":"B44","first-page":"39","volume-title":"The Health belief Model: Explaining Health behavior Through expectancies, in: Health Behavior and Health education: Theory, Research, and Practice","author":"Rosenstock","year":"1990"},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.92.1.111","article-title":"Control theory: a useful conceptual framework for personality-social, clinical, and health psychology","volume":"92","author":"Carver","year":"1982","journal-title":"Psychol Bull"},{"key":"B46","first-page":"756","volume-title":"Self-determination Theory: Basic Psychological needs in Motivation, Development, and Wellness","author":"Ryan","year":"2018"},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1177\/1090198104263660","article-title":"Health promotion by social cognitive means","volume":"31","author":"Bandura","year":"2004","journal-title":"Health Educ Behav"},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.4278\/0890-1171-12.1.38","article-title":"The transtheoretical model of health behavior change","volume":"12","author":"Prochaska","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Health Promot"},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1007\/s12662-017-0477-9","article-title":"Affective\u2013reflective theory of physical inactivity and exercise","volume":"48","author":"Brand","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ger J Exerc Sport Res"},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1186\/1748-5908-6-42","article-title":"The behaviour change wheel: a new method for characterising and designing behaviour change interventions","volume":"6","author":"Michie","year":"2011","journal-title":"Implement Sci"},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-0597.2007.00325.x","article-title":"Modeling health behavior change: how to predict and modify the adoption and maintenance of health behaviors","volume":"57","author":"Schwarzer","year":"2008","journal-title":"Appl Psychol"},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1186\/1748-5908-7-37","article-title":"Validation of the theoretical domains framework for use in behaviour change and implementation research","volume":"7","author":"Cane","year":"2012","journal-title":"Implement Sci"},{"key":"B53","first-page":"1","article-title":"A behavior model for persuasive design","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Persuasive Technology, New York, NY, USA","author":"Fogg","year":"2009"},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1145\/1541948.1541989","article-title":"Persuasive system design","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Persuasive Technology, New York, NY, USA","author":"Torning","year":"2009"},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jval.2024.01.009","article-title":"The PICOTS-ComTeC framework for defining digital health interventions: an ISPOR special interest group report","volume":"27","author":"Zrubka","year":"2024","journal-title":"Value in Health: the Journal of the International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research"},{"key":"B56","first-page":"465","article-title":"Ecological models of health behavior","volume-title":"Health Behavior and Health education: Theory, Research, and Practice","author":"Sallis","year":"2008"},{"key":"B57","first-page":"43","article-title":"Ecological models of health behavior","volume-title":"Health Behavior: Theory, Research, and Practice,","author":"Sallis","year":"2015"},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-022-03345-4","article-title":"The use of co-design in developing physical activity interventions for older adults: a scoping review","volume":"22","author":"Constantin","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Geriatr"},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e413","DOI":"10.1093\/geront\/gnz080","article-title":"Participatory action research with older adults: a critical interpretive synthesis","volume":"60","author":"Corrado","year":"2020","journal-title":"Gerontologist"},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0297675","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0297675","article-title":"The effects of co-designed physical activity interventions in older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"19","author":"Zacharuk","year":"2024","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"B61","first-page":"69","article-title":"Towards co-creative interdisciplinary exergame design processes: a theory-based approach of a VR-exergame fall prevention training","author":"Retz","year":"2023"},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1376572","DOI":"10.3389\/frvir.2024.1376572","article-title":"CIEMER in action: from development to application of a co-creative, interdisciplinary exergame design process in XR","volume":"5","author":"Retz","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Virtual Real"},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.2752\/175630615X14212498964312","article-title":"Experience-based co-design and healthcare improvement: realizing participatory design in the public sector","volume":"18","author":"Donetto","year":"2015","journal-title":"Des J"},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101192","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaging.2023.101192","article-title":"Personal benefits of older adults engaging in a participatory action research (PAR) project","volume":"67","author":"Gashi","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Aging Stud"},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0306080","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0306080","article-title":"A protocol for the co-creation and usability\/acceptability testing of an evidence-based, patient-centred intervention for self-management of urinary incontinence in older men","volume":"19","author":"Olagundoye","year":"2024","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e44564","DOI":"10.2196\/44564","article-title":"Older adults and new technology: mapping review of the factors associated with older adults\u2019 intention to adopt digital technologies","volume":"6","author":"Schroeder","year":"2023","journal-title":"JMIR Aging"},{"key":"B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7949","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17217949","article-title":"Development of the digital assessment of precise physical activity (DAPPA) tool for older adults","volume":"17","author":"Essery","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e43186","DOI":"10.2196\/43186","article-title":"Design guidelines of mobile apps for older adults: systematic review and thematic analysis","volume":"11","author":"Gomez-Hernandez","year":"2023","journal-title":"JMIR Mhealth Uhealth"},{"key":"B69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4439","DOI":"10.1080\/10447318.2025.2457003","article-title":"Grand challenges of smart technology for older adults","volume":"41","author":"Zhou","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int J Hum\u2013Comput Interact"},{"key":"B70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1080\/10447318.2017.1345142","article-title":"Design of mobile phones for older adults: an empirical analysis of design guidelines and checklists for feature phones and smartphones","volume":"34","author":"Petrov\u010di\u010d","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Hum\u2013Comput Interact"},{"key":"B71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.17705\/1thci.00233","article-title":"Designing user interfaces of mobile apps for older adults: literature review and design guide","volume":"17","author":"Bailey","year":"2025","journal-title":"AIS Trans Hum-Comput Interact"},{"key":"B72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3801","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17113801","article-title":"Smart environments and social robots for age-friendly integrated care services","volume":"17","author":"Anghel","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"B73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6752","DOI":"10.3390\/s22186752","article-title":"A systematic review of wearable sensor-based technologies for fall risk assessment in older adults","volume":"22","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"B74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1539","DOI":"10.3390\/electronics12071539","article-title":"A survey on ambient sensor-based abnormal behaviour detection for elderly people in healthcare","volume":"12","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Electronics (Basel)"},{"key":"B75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2105","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare12212105","article-title":"Exploring the effectiveness of technology-assisted interventions for promoting independence in elderly patients: a systematic review","volume":"12","author":"Albarqi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Healthcare (Basel)"},{"key":"B76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2055668317733258","DOI":"10.1177\/2055668317733258","article-title":"Older adults\u2019 satisfaction of wearing consumer-level activity monitors","volume":"4","author":"Farina","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Rehabil Assist Technol Eng"},{"key":"B77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e41935","DOI":"10.2196\/41935","article-title":"Comprehensive senior technology acceptance model of daily living assistive technology for older adults with frailty: cross-sectional study","volume":"25","author":"Shin","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Med Internet Res"},{"key":"B78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1080414","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2022.1080414","article-title":"A model of extended technology acceptance for behavioral intention toward EVs with gender as a moderator","volume":"13","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Psychol"},{"key":"B79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1519\/JPT.0000000000000095","article-title":"Adherence to technology-based exercise programs in older adults: a systematic review","volume":"41","author":"Valenzuela","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Geriatr Phys Ther"},{"key":"B80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0293329","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0293329","article-title":"Understanding data collection strategies for the ethical inclusion of older adults with disabilities in transitional care research: a scoping review protocol","volume":"18","author":"Kokorelias","year":"2023","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"B81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1097\/XEB.0000000000000155","article-title":"The updated joanna briggs institute model of evidence-based healthcare","volume":"17","author":"Jordan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Evid Based Healthc"},{"key":"B82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1123\/japa.2021-0514","article-title":"Effectiveness and benefits of exercise on older people living with mental illness\u2019 physical and psychological outcomes in regional Australia: a mixed-methods study","volume":"31","author":"McNamara","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Aging Phys Act"},{"key":"B83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15305627251401713","DOI":"10.1177\/15305627251401713","article-title":"The impact of digital health literacy on patient adherence, self-management, and follow-up care: an integrative review","volume":"32","author":"Chisolm","year":"2026","journal-title":"Telemed J E health"},{"key":"B84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0240974","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0240974","article-title":"How to improve recruitment, sustainability and scalability in physical activity programmes for adults aged 50 years and older: a qualitative study of key stakeholder perspectives","volume":"15","author":"O\u2019Regan","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"B85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e51098","DOI":"10.2196\/51098","article-title":"Mapping theories, models, and frameworks to evaluate digital health interventions: scoping review","volume":"26","author":"Rouleau","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Med Internet Res"},{"key":"B86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1258\/135763303321159693","article-title":"Development of the telemedicine satisfaction questionnaire to evaluate patient satisfaction with telemedicine: a preliminary study","volume":"9","author":"Yip","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Telemed Telecare"},{"key":"B87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105373","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archger.2024.105373","article-title":"Best practices for implementing a technology-based intervention protocol: participant and researcher considerations","volume":"122","author":"Mois","year":"2024","journal-title":"Arch Gerontol Geriatr"},{"key":"B88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.14288\/HFJC.V16I1.839","article-title":"The 2023 physical activity readiness questionnaire for everyone (PAR-Q+) and electronic physical activity readiness medical examination (ePARmed-X+). 46-49 pages\/","volume":"16","author":"Warburton","year":"2023","journal-title":"The Health Fit J Can"},{"key":"B89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1123\/jsep.26.2.191","article-title":"A modification to the behavioural regulation in exercise questionnaire to include an assessment of amotivation","volume":"26","author":"Markland","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Sport Exerc Psychol"},{"key":"B90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1186\/1479-5868-8-103","article-title":"Measuring enjoyment of physical activity in older adults: invariance of the physical activity enjoyment scale (paces) across groups and time","volume":"8","author":"Mullen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act"},{"key":"B91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1177\/0733464816642582","article-title":"A new tool for assessing mobile device proficiency in older adults: the mobile device proficiency questionnaire","volume":"37","author":"Roque","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Appl Gerontol"},{"key":"B92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"igaa016","DOI":"10.1093\/geroni\/igaa016","article-title":"Measuring senior technology acceptance: development of a brief, 14-item scale","volume":"4","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Innov Aging"},{"key":"B93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1177\/109467050024001","article-title":"Technology readiness index (tri)","volume":"2","author":"Parasuraman","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Serv Res"},{"key":"B94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1249\/00005768-198205000-00012","article-title":"Psychophysical bases of perceived exertion","volume":"14","author":"Borg","year":"1982","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc"},{"key":"B95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.1991.tb01616.x","article-title":"The timed \u201cup & go\": a test of basic functional mobility for frail elderly persons","volume":"39","author":"Podsiadlo","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"key":"B96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1080\/02701367.1999.10608028","article-title":"A 30-s chair-stand test as a measure of lower body strength in community-residing older adults","volume":"70","author":"Jones","year":"1999","journal-title":"Res Q Exerc Sport"},{"key":"B97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbmt.2019.05.029","article-title":"Measurement of hand grip strength in the elderly: a scoping review with recommendations","volume":"24","author":"Mehmet","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Bodyw Mov Ther"},{"key":"B98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106026","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archger.2025.106026","article-title":"Normative reference values for the six-minute walk test in older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"140","author":"Otadi","year":"2026","journal-title":"Arch Gerontol Geriatr"},{"key":"B99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1201\/9781498710411-35","article-title":"SUS: a quick and dirty usability scale","author":"Brooke","year":"1996","journal-title":"Usability Evaluation in Industry"},{"key":"B100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1186\/s11556-025-00390-x","article-title":"Reporting randomised trials of physical exercise or training interventions in older adults: the PETIO guideline","volume":"22","author":"Wollesen","year":"2025","journal-title":"Eur Rev Aging Phys Act"},{"key":"B101","volume-title":"Ageism in Artificial intelligence for Health: WHO Policy brief","year":"2022"},{"key":"B102","first-page":"1","article-title":"Interdisciplinary design process of a mixed reality exergame for motor-cognitive health training based on the trail-walking-test","volume-title":".","author":"Retz","year":"2023"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Digital Health"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fdgth.2026.1913687\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T08:57:33Z","timestamp":1790585853000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fdgth.2026.1913687\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]]},"references-count":102,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fdgth.2026.1913687"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fdgth.2026.1913687","relation":{},"ISSN":["2673-253X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2673-253X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]]},"article-number":"1913687"}}