{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]],"date-time":"2025-11-25T06:29:13Z","timestamp":1764052153164,"version":"3.45.0"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]],"date-time":"2025-11-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764028800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Dent. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The choice of restorative material in pediatric dentistry is clinically relevant for ensuring long-term tooth preservation and reducing recurrent caries. This systematic review and meta-analysis compared the clinical effectiveness of ion-releasing restorations (IRR) and composite resin (CR) in children's dental treatments.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Randomized clinical trials with \u22651-year follow-up were identified through comprehensive searches in PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scielo, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar up to January 2024. Studies reporting clinical outcomes of IRR vs. CR were analyzed. Risk of bias was assessed using RoB2.0, and evidence certainty with GRADE.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Of 1,109 records screened, nine trials were included. Pooled analyzes showed no statistically significant differences between IRR and CR regarding secondary caries, marginal adaptation, or restoration survival (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&amp;gt;\u20090.05). Both materials demonstrated satisfactory longevity and clinical behavior.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Within the limitations of available evidence, ion-releasing and composite restorations provide comparable clinical performance in pediatric dentistry. The findings support the use of IRR as a reliable alternative for child patients, offering bioactive benefits while maintaining similar restorative success to composites.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Systematic Review Registration<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:ext-link>https:\/\/www.crd.york.ac.uk\/PROSPERO\/view\/CRD42024524163<\/jats:ext-link>\n                      , PROSPERO CRD42024524163.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fdmed.2025.1651696","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]],"date-time":"2025-11-25T06:25:41Z","timestamp":1764051941000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Clinical effectiveness of ion-releasing restorations compared to composite restorations in pediatric dental treatments: a systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Heber Isac","family":"Arbildo-Vega","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fredy Hugo","family":"Cruzado-Oliva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hern\u00e1n","family":"V\u00e1squez-Rodrigo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Franz Tito","family":"Coronel-Zubiate","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luis Felipe","family":"Alarco-La Rosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luisfelipe Carlos","family":"Alarco-Jurado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stefanny Lisset","family":"Zarate-Chavarry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1605","DOI":"10.3390\/pr8121605","article-title":"The concept of sustainable development of modern dentistry","volume":"8","author":"Dobrza\u0144ski","year":"2020","journal-title":"Processes"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1005","DOI":"10.1080\/00914037.2018.1525544","article-title":"A critical evaluation of tribological interaction for restorative materials in dentistry","volume":"68","author":"Yadav","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Polym Mater Polym Biomater"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dental.2022.11.009","article-title":"Longevity of composite restorations is definitely not only about materials","volume":"39","author":"Demarco","year":"2023","journal-title":"Dent Mater"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.53730\/ijhs.v5nS1.5273","article-title":"Esthetic restorations and smile designing: a review","volume":"5","author":"Kaur","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Health Sci (Qassim)"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1038\/s41415-022-4198-6","article-title":"The safety and biocompatibility of direct aesthetic restorative materials","volume":"232","author":"Hatton","year":"2022","journal-title":"Br Dent J"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19244","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-19622-6","article-title":"Secondary caries and marginal adaptation of Ion-releasing versus resin composite restorations: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials","volume":"12","author":"Albelasy","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.3290\/j.jad.a33202","article-title":"A randomized 10-year prospective follow-up of class II nanohybrid and conventional hybrid resin composite restorations","volume":"16","author":"van Dijken","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Adhes Dent"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.3290\/j.jad.a33502","article-title":"Randomized 3-year clinical evaluation of class I and II posterior resin restorations placed with a bulk-fill resin composite and a one-step self-etching adhesive","volume":"17","author":"van Dijken","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Adhes Dent"},{"key":"B9","first-page":"244","article-title":"Influence of gaps in adhesive restorations in the development of secondary caries lesions: an in situ evaluation","volume":"25","author":"Barata","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Dent"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2005.09.006","article-title":"A clinical evaluation of posterior composite restorations: 17-year findings","volume":"34","author":"da Rosa Rodolpho","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Dent"},{"key":"B11","first-page":"59","article-title":"Determination of caries risk at resin composite margins","volume":"20","author":"Kr\u00e4mer","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Dent"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"943","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034514544217","article-title":"Longevity of posterior composite restorations: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"93","author":"Opdam","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Dent Res"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-023-03110-y","article-title":"Clinical efficacy of bioactive restorative materials in controlling secondary caries: a systematic review and network meta-analysis","volume":"23","author":"Pinto","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Oral Health"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1834-7819.2010.01291.x","article-title":"Smart materials in dentistry","volume":"56","author":"McCabe","year":"2011","journal-title":"Aust Dent J"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1080\/000163502753740179","article-title":"Three-year performance of a calcium-, fluoride-, and hydroxyl-ions-releasing resin composite","volume":"60","author":"van Dijken","year":"2002","journal-title":"Acta Odontol Scand"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.3390\/prosthesis5010024","article-title":"Chemically activated glass-ionomer cements as bioactive materials in dentistry: a review","volume":"5","author":"Makanjuola","year":"2023","journal-title":"Prosthesis"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.12701\/yujm.2020.00374","article-title":"Current aspects and prospects of glass ionomer cements for clinical dentistry","volume":"37","author":"Park","year":"2020","journal-title":"Yeungnam Univ J Med"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.37983\/IJDM.2022.4403","article-title":"An overview of advances in glass ionomer cements","volume":"4","author":"Saridena","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Dent Mat"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6796","DOI":"10.3390\/app12136796","article-title":"Comparative evaluation of bond strength and microleakage of three Ion-releasing restorative materials at various PH levels","volume":"12","author":"Kim","year":"2022","journal-title":"Appl Sci"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"722","DOI":"10.3390\/ma12050722","article-title":"Effects of ions-releasing restorative materials on the dentine bonding longevity of modern universal adhesives after load-cycle and prolonged artificial Saliva aging","volume":"12","author":"Sauro","year":"2019","journal-title":"Materials (Basel)"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108852","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compositesb.2021.108852","article-title":"A review of dental composites: challenges, chemistry aspects, filler influences, and future insights","volume":"216","author":"Aminoroaya","year":"2021","journal-title":"Compos B Eng"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3713","DOI":"10.1021\/acsbiomaterials.0c00051","article-title":"A review of dental composites: methods of characterizations","volume":"6","author":"Aminoroaya","year":"2020","journal-title":"ACS Biomater Sci Eng"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109495","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compositesb.2021.109495","article-title":"Dental resin composites: a review on materials to product realizations","volume":"230","author":"Cho","year":"2022","journal-title":"Compos B Eng"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1038\/s41415-022-4144-7","article-title":"Dental adhesion with resin composites: a review and clinical tips for best practice","volume":"232","author":"Thalacker","year":"2022","journal-title":"Br Dent J"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1002\/mawe.201900029","article-title":"Factors influencing mechanical and wear performance of dental composite: a review","volume":"51","author":"Kumar","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mat Werk"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"725","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dental.2022.02.011","article-title":"Sol-Gel bioactive glass containing biomaterials for restorative dentistry: a review","volume":"38","author":"Simila","year":"2022","journal-title":"Dent Mater"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2023.02.020","article-title":"Trends and perspectives on the commercialization of bioactive glasses","volume":"160","author":"Shearer","year":"2023","journal-title":"Acta Biomater"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jare.2018.05.001","article-title":"Polymeric materials and films in dentistry: an overview","volume":"14","author":"Rokaya","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Adv Res"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"g7647","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.g7647","article-title":"Preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis protocols (PRISMA-P) 2015: elaboration and explanation","volume":"349","author":"Shamseer","year":"2015","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)60903-8","article-title":"An international registry of systematic-review protocols","volume":"377","author":"Booth","year":"2011","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"l4898","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.l4898","article-title":"Rob 2: a revised tool for assessing risk of bias in randomised trials","volume":"366","author":"Sterne","year":"2019","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.14219\/jada.archive.2009.0129","article-title":"A randomized trial of resin-based restorations in class I and class II beveled preparations in primary molars: 24-month results","volume":"140","author":"dos Santos","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Am Dent Assoc"},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.22271\/oral.2020.v6.i4g.1098","article-title":"Clinical performance of equia forte: a glass hybrid GIC versus tetric N ceram; a bulk fill composite in class II carious primary molars: a 12 month split mouth clinical trial","volume":"6","author":"Shagale","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Appl Dent Sci"},{"key":"B34","first-page":"351","article-title":"Randomized clinical trial of adhesive restorations in primary molars. 18-month results","volume":"26","author":"Casagrande","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Dent"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2010.02.004","article-title":"Randomised trial of resin-based restorations in class I and class II beveled preparations in primary molars: 48-month results","volume":"38","author":"Alves dos Santos","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Dent"},{"key":"B36","first-page":"147","article-title":"Clinical evaluation of four class 5 restorative materials: 3-year recall","volume":"17","author":"Burgess","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Dent"},{"key":"B37","first-page":"183","article-title":"Direct tooth-colored materials for noncarious lesions: a 3-year clinical report","volume":"27","author":"Neo","year":"1996","journal-title":"Quintessence Int"},{"key":"B38","first-page":"195","article-title":"3-Year Clinical evaluation of a compomer, a resin-modified glass ionomer and a resin composite in class III restorations","volume":"9","author":"van Dijken","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Dent"},{"key":"B39","first-page":"346","article-title":"A clinical comparison of a glass ionomer cement and a microfilled composite resin in restoring root caries: two-year results","volume":"39","author":"Kaurich","year":"1991","journal-title":"Gen Dent"},{"key":"B40","first-page":"40","article-title":"3-year clinical evaluation of glass ionomer cements as class III restorations","volume":"3","author":"Osborne","year":"1990","journal-title":"Am J Dent"},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"522","DOI":"10.3290\/j.qi.a42573","article-title":"A randomized controlled clinical trial of glass carbomer restorations in class II cavities in primary molars: 12-month results","volume":"50","author":"El-Housseiny","year":"2019","journal-title":"Quintessence Int"},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.4103\/JISPPD.JISPPD_98_16","article-title":"The effect of atraumatic restorative treatment on adhesive restorations for dental caries in deciduous molars","volume":"35","author":"de Medeiros Serpa","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.22038\/jdmt.2022.62404.1500","article-title":"A randomised clinical trial evaluating the clinical performance of compomer and composite materials in class II primary molar restorations: 24 months results","volume":"11","author":"\u00d6z","year":"2022","journal-title":"JDMT"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.4103\/njcp.njcp_519_19","article-title":"Clinical evaluation of bulk-fill resins and glass ionomer restorative materials: a 1-year follow-up randomized clinical trial in children","volume":"23","author":"Akman","year":"2020","journal-title":"Niger J Clin Pract"},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1007\/s40368-018-0371-7","article-title":"Comparison of resin modified glass ionomer cement and composite resin in class II primary molar restorations: a 2-year parallel randomised clinical trial","volume":"19","author":"Dermata","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur Arch Paediatr Dent"},{"key":"B46","first-page":"202","article-title":"Clinical performance of aesthetic restorative materials in primary teeth according to the FDI criteria","volume":"17","author":"Bektas Donmez","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur J Paediatr Dent"},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.17796\/1053-4628-39.4.315","article-title":"Clinical evaluation of restorative materials in primary teeth class II lesions","volume":"39","author":"Sengul","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Clin Pediatr Dent"},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2005.08.003","article-title":"Clinical evaluation of composite and compomer restorations in primary teeth: 24-month results","volume":"34","author":"Pascon","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Dent"},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1080\/00016350600788245","article-title":"Flowable resin composite as a class II restorative in primary molars: a two-year clinical evaluation","volume":"64","author":"Andersson-Wenckert","year":"2006","journal-title":"Acta Odontol Scand"},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1529","DOI":"10.14219\/jada.archive.2006.0087","article-title":"A clinical evaluation of resin-based composite and glass ionomer cement restorations placed in primary teeth using the ART approach: results at 24 months","volume":"137","author":"Ersin","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Am Dent Assoc"},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1088","DOI":"10.14219\/jada.archive.1997.0366","article-title":"Clinical evaluation of compomer in primary teeth: 1-year results","volume":"128","author":"Hse","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Am Dent Assoc"},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4942","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-55329-6","article-title":"3-Year Randomized clinical trial to evaluate the performance of posterior composite restorations lined with Ion-releasing materials","volume":"14","author":"Ahmed","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.5005\/jp-journals-10005-2757","article-title":"Clinical effectiveness of high-viscosity glass ionomer cement and composite resin as a restorative material in primary teeth: a systematic review of clinical trials","volume":"17","author":"Krishnakumar","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int J Clin Pediatr Dent"},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2018.04.004","article-title":"Clinical performance of glass ionomer cement and composite resin in class II restorations in primary teeth: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"73","author":"Dias","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Dent"},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.23804\/ejpd.2025.2241","article-title":"Clinical evaluation of contemporary Ion releasing restorative materials in primary molars subjected to selective caries removal: a randomised clinical trial","volume":"26","author":"Bodur","year":"2025","journal-title":"Eur J Paediatr Dent"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Dental Medicine"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fdmed.2025.1651696\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]],"date-time":"2025-11-25T06:25:44Z","timestamp":1764051944000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fdmed.2025.1651696\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]]},"references-count":55,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fdmed.2025.1651696"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fdmed.2025.1651696","relation":{},"ISSN":["2673-4915"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2673-4915","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]]},"article-number":"1651696"}}