{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T18:11:24Z","timestamp":1790187084913,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,15]],"date-time":"2026-06-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781481600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Dent. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Oral squamous papilloma (OSP) is a benign epithelial proliferation commonly linked to human papillomavirus (HPV) and usually affects the palate, tongue and lips. Anterior mandibular alveolar mucosa involvement is uncommon, and overlap between koilocytic HPV-suggestive change and chronic denture-related trauma is rarely documented. A review of the literature indicates limited documentation of such overlapping clinicopathological features at this anatomical site.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Case presentation<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A 49-year-old non-smoking male with absence of alcohol consumption history, presented with a 12-month painless, slowly enlarging papillary mass on the anterior mandibular alveolar mucosa beneath a poorly maintained removable denture. Intra-oral examination showed firm papillary folds of near-normal color and an adjacent traumatic ulcer at the denture-contact point. Excisional biopsy showed hyperplastic stratified squamous epithelium forming fingerlike papillary projections over narrow fibrovascular cores, with parakeratosis, basilar hyperplasia, regular mitotic activity, koilocytes in the spinous layer, and chronic lymphocytic stromal inflammation, with absence of dysplasia or invasion was confirmed. The diagnosis was squamous papilloma with koilocytic change suggestive of HPV cytopathic effect and chronic denture-associated inflammation. These findings supported a diagnosis of squamous papilloma with HPV-suggestive cytopathic effect in the setting of chronic denture-associated irritation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Management and outcomes<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The lesion was completely excised, followed by denture adjustment and reinforcement of oral hygiene measures. Healing was uneventful at one-month review; longer-term follow-up is ongoing.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This case highlights a rare oral squamous papilloma at an atypical mandibular alveolar site, demonstrating overlapping reactive denture-induced and HPV-associated epithelial changes. Histopathological evaluation, particularly koilocyte identification, is essential for diagnosis. Supported by the literature, this case underscores that chronic denture irritation does not preclude an HPV-related etiology, and clinicians should maintain a broad differential for papillary lesions at prosthesis-bearing sites.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fdmed.2026.1871334","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,15]],"date-time":"2026-06-15T05:33:53Z","timestamp":1781501633000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Unusual denture-associated oral squamous papilloma with koilocytosis: a case report and literature review"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Azza","family":"Sioufi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Aljazeera Hospital","place":["Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maya","family":"Al-Jokhadar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Histology and Pathology, College of Dentistry, Arab International University","place":["Daraa, Daraa Governorate, Syria"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Faisal Mehsen","family":"Alali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University","place":["Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bassel","family":"Tarakji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University","place":["Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia"]},{"name":"Department of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Aleppo","place":["Aleppo, Syria"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad Zakaria","family":"Nassani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Restorative and Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Dar Al Uloom University","place":["Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"]},{"name":"Department of Removable Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Aleppo","place":["Aleppo, Syria"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shahed","family":"Kuraitby","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Damascus University","place":["Damascus, Syria"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mai Adnan Gaizeh","family":"Al-Hallak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Medicine, College of Dentistry, Arab Internationa University","place":["Daraa, Daraa Governorate, Syria"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rafif","family":"Alshenaiber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Prosthetic Dental Sciences Department, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University","place":["Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hamod","family":"Alqahtani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University","place":["Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hunaida Khaled","family":"Tayeb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oral and Maxillofacial Prosthodontics Department, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University","place":["Jeddah, Saudi Arabia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Asim Abdullah","family":"Aldhali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dentistry, Vision Colleges","place":["Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anas","family":"Alsalhani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dentistry, Vision Colleges","place":["Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"]},{"name":"Department of Histology and Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Hama, Hama, Syria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1016\/0030-4220(80)90286-8","article-title":"The clinical and histopathologic features of a series of 464 oral squamous cell papillomas","volume":"49","author":"Abbey","year":"1980","journal-title":"Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.4248\/IJOS10065","article-title":"Squamous papilloma: case report and review of literature","volume":"2","author":"Jaju","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Oral Sci"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1007\/s00430-002-0173-7","article-title":"Human papillomavirus infections and oral tumors","volume":"192","author":"Syrj\u00e4nen","year":"2003","journal-title":"Med Microbiol Immunol"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anndiagpath.2012.04.001","article-title":"Clinicopathologic features of oral squamous papilloma and papillary squamous cell carcinoma: a study of 197 patients from eastern China","volume":"16","author":"Bao","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ann Diagn Pathol"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1007\/s12105-019-01003-7","article-title":"HPV-related papillary lesions of the oral Mucosa: a review","volume":"13","author":"Betz","year":"2019","journal-title":"Head and Neck Pathol"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1053\/j.semdp.2014.12.003","article-title":"Human papillomavirus and Epstein\u2013Barr virus associated conditions of the oral mucosa","volume":"32","author":"Stojanov","year":"2015","journal-title":"Semin Diagn Pathol"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1038\/s41416-019-0602-7","article-title":"Human papillomavirus as a driver of head and neck cancers","volume":"122","author":"Sabatini","year":"2020","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1007\/s12105-017-0796-z","article-title":"Update from the 4th edition of the world health organization classification of head and neck tumours: what is new in the 2017 WHO blue book for tumors and tumor-like lesions of the neck and lymph nodes","volume":"11","author":"Katabi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Head Neck Pathol"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1363556","DOI":"10.3389\/froh.2024.1363556","article-title":"Oral HPV-associated dysplasia: is koilocytic dysplasia a separate entity?","volume":"5","author":"Anaya-Saavedra","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Oral Health"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0714.1981.tb01251.x","article-title":"Oral mucosal lesions associated with the wearing of removable dentures","volume":"10","author":"Budtz-J\u00f8rgensen","year":"1981","journal-title":"J Oral Pathology Medicine"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4317\/medoral.21405","article-title":"Inflammatory papillary hyperplasia: a systematic review","author":"Gual-Vaques","year":"","journal-title":"Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1007\/s12105-019-01001-9","article-title":"Non-HPV papillary lesions of the oral Mucosa: clinical and histopathologic features of reactive and neoplastic conditions","volume":"13","author":"Mainville","year":"2019","journal-title":"Head and Neck Pathol"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e31739","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.31739","article-title":"Oral squamous papilloma mimicking oral verrucous leukoplakia","volume":"14","author":"Tebcherany","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4194","DOI":"10.3390\/app11094194","article-title":"Prevention of recurrence of oral HPV-related lesions: systematic review of the literature and meta-analysis","volume":"11","author":"Palaia","year":"2021","journal-title":"Appl Sci"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1760271","DOI":"10.3389\/froh.2025.1760271","article-title":"Diagnostic challenges and clinical management gaps in HPV-related oral lesions","volume":"6","author":"Anaya-Saavedra","year":"2026","journal-title":"Front Oral Health"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1111\/eos.12538","article-title":"Oral manifestations of human papillomavirus infections","volume":"126","author":"Syrj\u00e4nen","year":"2018","journal-title":"European J Oral Sciences"},{"key":"B17","first-page":"E117","article-title":"Denture hyperplasia with areas simulating oral inverted ductal papilloma","volume":"10","author":"Vargas","year":"2005","journal-title":"Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e69736","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0069736","article-title":"Human papillomavirus in the lesions of the oral Mucosa according to topography","volume":"8","author":"Mravak-Stipeti\u0107","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2013.08.003","article-title":"The CARE guidelines: consensus-based clinical case report guideline development","volume":"67","author":"Gagnier","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2017.04.026","article-title":"CARE Guidelines for case reports: explanation and elaboration document","volume":"89","author":"Riley","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Dental Medicine"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fdmed.2026.1871334\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,15]],"date-time":"2026-06-15T05:33:54Z","timestamp":1781501634000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fdmed.2026.1871334\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,15]]},"references-count":20,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fdmed.2026.1871334"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fdmed.2026.1871334","relation":{},"ISSN":["2673-4915"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2673-4915","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,15]]},"article-number":"1871334"}}