{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T16:25:23Z","timestamp":1791563123165,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002341","name":"Suomen Akatemia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["268356"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["268356"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002341","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005744","name":"Lastentautien Tutkimuss\u00e4\u00e4ti\u00f6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["7495"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["7495"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005744","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006306","name":"Sigrid Jus\u00e9liuksen S\u00e4\u00e4ti\u00f6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2613"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2613"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006306","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008723","name":"Suomen L\u00e4\u00e4ketieteen S\u00e4\u00e4ti\u00f6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["011115"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["011115"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008723","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Endocrinol."],"DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2017.00213","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,23]],"date-time":"2017-08-23T03:41:18Z","timestamp":1503459678000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["Precocious Puberty or Premature Thelarche: Analysis of a Large Patient Series in a Single Tertiary Center with Special Emphasis on 6- to 8-Year-Old Girls"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Tero","family":"Varimo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heta","family":"Huttunen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P\u00e4ivi Johanna","family":"Miettinen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Kariola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johanna","family":"Hietam\u00e4ki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annika","family":"Tarkkanen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matti","family":"Hero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Taneli","family":"Raivio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e932","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2008-2491","article-title":"Recent decline in age at breast development: the Copenhagen Puberty Study","volume":"123","author":"Aksglaede","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3016.2009.01055.x","article-title":"Timing of maturation and predictors of menarche in girls enrolled in a contemporary British cohort","volume":"23","author":"Rubin","year":"2009","journal-title":"Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.44.235.291","article-title":"Variations in pattern of pubertal changes in girls","volume":"44","author":"Marshall","year":"1969","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(15)00380-0","article-title":"Causes, diagnosis, and treatment of central precocious puberty","volume":"4","author":"Latronico","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol"},{"key":"B5","volume-title":"The Adolescent Finnish Child: A Longitudinal Study of Anthropometry, Physical Development, and Physiological Changes during Puberty [Dissertation]","author":"Ojaj\u00e4rvi","year":"1982"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1980","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2015-3500","article-title":"The etiology and clinical features of non-CAH gonadotropin-independent precocious puberty: a multicenter study","volume":"101","author":"Atay","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1323","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2005-0012","article-title":"Prevalence and incidence of precocious pubertal development in Denmark: an epidemiologic study based on national registries","volume":"116","author":"Teilmann","year":"2005","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.109.1.61","article-title":"Central precocious puberty in girls: an evidence-based diagnosis tree to predict central nervous system abnormalities","volume":"109","author":"Chalumeau","year":"2002","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e29829","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0029829","article-title":"Pathological and incidental findings on brain MRI in a single-center study of 229 consecutive girls with early or precocious puberty","volume":"7","author":"Mogensen","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4455","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2014-2702","article-title":"Routine screening by brain magnetic resonance imaging is not indicated in every girl with onset of puberty between the ages of 6 and 8 years","volume":"99","author":"Pedicelli","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.88.5.414","article-title":"Cranial MRI scans are indicated in all girls with central precocious puberty","volume":"88","author":"Ng","year":"2003","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e752","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2008-1783","article-title":"Consensus statement on the use of gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogs in children","volume":"123","author":"Carel","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1097\/MED.0b013e328320a650","article-title":"Treatment of central precocious puberty","volume":"16","author":"Kaplowitz","year":"2009","journal-title":"Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2015-3732","article-title":"Evaluation and referral of children with signs of early puberty","volume":"137","author":"Kaplowitz","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4305","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2010-1025","article-title":"Central precocious puberty in children living in Spain: incidence, prevalence, and influence of adoption and immigration","volume":"95","author":"Soriano-Guillen","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1159\/000336325","article-title":"Recent secular trends in pubertal timing: implications for evaluation and diagnosis of precocious puberty","volume":"77","author":"Sorensen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Horm Res Paediatr"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2012.04517.x","article-title":"High diagnostic accuracy of subcutaneous Triptorelin test compared with GnRH test for diagnosing central precocious puberty in girls","volume":"78","author":"Freire","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1393","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2010-2745","article-title":"Diagnostic work-up of 449 consecutive girls who were referred to be evaluated for precocious puberty","volume":"96","author":"Mogensen","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/S0960-0760(97)80005-2","article-title":"The role of estrogen in bone growth and maturation during childhood and adolescence","volume":"61","author":"Cutler","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2198","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2013-1024","article-title":"Treatment and outcomes of precocious puberty: an update","volume":"98","author":"Fuqua","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2013-3292","article-title":"The response to gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) stimulation test does not predict the progression to true precocious puberty in girls with onset of premature thelarche in the first three years of life","volume":"99","author":"Bizzarri","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/dew294","article-title":"Congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, functional hypogonadotropism or constitutional delay of growth and puberty? An analysis of a large patient series from a single tertiary center","volume":"32","author":"Varimo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1071","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2013.218793","article-title":"Use of electronic health records for automated screening of growth disorders in primary care","volume":"310","author":"Sankilampi","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Am Med Assoc"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1159\/000071223","article-title":"Pubertal growth assessment","volume":"60","author":"Karlberg","year":"2003","journal-title":"Horm Res"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"498","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.1990.tb11503.x","article-title":"Variation of growth in height and weight of children. II. After infancy","volume":"79","author":"Sorva","year":"1990","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr Scand"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.3109\/07853890.2010.515603","article-title":"New Finnish growth references for children and adolescents aged 0 to 20 years: length\/height-for-age, weight-for-length\/height, and body mass index-for-age","volume":"43","author":"Saari","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann Med"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1067\/S0022-3476(03)00328-7","article-title":"Selecting girls with precocious puberty for brain imaging: validation of European evidence-based diagnosis rule","volume":"143","author":"Chalumeau","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2467","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1302160","article-title":"Central precocious puberty caused by mutations in the imprinted gene MKRN3","volume":"368","author":"Abreu","year":"2013","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e8450","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0008450","article-title":"Age at puberty and the emerging obesity epidemic","volume":"4","author":"Aksglaede","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1079","DOI":"10.1111\/jne.12107","article-title":"Early neuroendocrine disruption in hypothalamus and hippocampus: developmental effects including female sexual maturation and implications for endocrine disrupting chemical screening","volume":"25","author":"Bourguignon","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Neuroendocrinol"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1527","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2008-2489","article-title":"Infancy weight gain predicts childhood body fat and age at menarche in girls","volume":"94","author":"Ong","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"B32","first-page":"913","article-title":"Toward a new understanding of early menarche: the role of environmental stress in pubertal timing","volume":"28","author":"Wierson","year":"1993","journal-title":"Adolescence"},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e70931","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0070931","article-title":"Presentation of 493 consecutive girls with idiopathic central precocious puberty: a single-center study","volume":"8","author":"Giabicani","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1159\/000185532","article-title":"Androstenedione, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, and estradiol levels throughout female puberty: relation to height velocity","volume":"48","author":"Rotteveel","year":"1997","journal-title":"Horm Res"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"846","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-71-4-846","article-title":"Testosterone and oxandrolone, a nonaromatizable androgen, specifically amplify the mass and rate of growth hormone (GH) secreted per burst without altering GH secretory burst duration or frequency or the GH half-life","volume":"71","author":"Ulloa-Aguirre","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"B36","first-page":"3414","article-title":"Estrogen and testosterone, but not a nonaromatizable androgen, direct network integration of the hypothalamo-somatotrope (growth hormone)-insulin-like growth factor I axis in the human: evidence from pubertal pathophysiology and sex-steroid hormone replacement","volume":"82","author":"Veldhuis","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2138","DOI":"10.1359\/JBMR.050811","article-title":"Growth without growth hormone receptor: estradiol is a major growth hormone-independent regulator of hepatic IGF-I synthesis","volume":"20","author":"Venken","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-200102000-00019","article-title":"BMI in childhood and its association with height gain, timing of puberty, and final height","volume":"49","author":"He","year":"2001","journal-title":"Pediatr Res"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1515\/JPEM.2000.13.S1.695","article-title":"Etiology and age incidence of precocious puberty in girls: a multicentric study","volume":"13","author":"Cisternino","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Endocrinology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/journal.frontiersin.org\/article\/10.3389\/fendo.2017.00213\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,23]],"date-time":"2017-08-23T03:41:23Z","timestamp":1503459683000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/journal.frontiersin.org\/article\/10.3389\/fendo.2017.00213\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,23]]},"references-count":39,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fendo.2017.00213"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fendo.2017.00213","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-2392"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-2392","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,23]]},"article-number":"213"}}