{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T16:03:29Z","timestamp":1792253009873,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":192,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,8]],"date-time":"2019-01-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1546905600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P20GM121301"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P20GM121301"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P30GM106391"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30GM106391"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U54GM115516"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U54GM115516"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000048","name":"American Cancer Society","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["#IRG-16-191-33"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#IRG-16-191-33"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000048","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Endocrinol."],"DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2018.00788","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,8]],"date-time":"2019-01-08T18:25:17Z","timestamp":1546971917000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":292,"title":["Interleukin-6 Interweaves the Bone Marrow Microenvironment, Bone Loss, and Multiple Myeloma"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Danielle","family":"Harmer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carolyne","family":"Falank","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michaela R.","family":"Reagan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3397","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.onc.1208469","article-title":"Stat3 regulates genes common to both wound healing and cancer","volume":"24","author":"Dauer","year":"2005","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.iy.12.040194.001041","article-title":"Function and activation of NF-kappaB in the immune system","volume":"12","author":"Baeuerle","year":"1994","journal-title":"Annu Rev Immunol."},{"key":"B3","first-page":"539","article-title":"The biological sequelae of stromal cell-derived factor-1\u03b1 in multiple myeloma","volume":"1","author":"Hideshima","year":"2002","journal-title":"Mol Cancer Ther."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4519","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.onc.1204623","article-title":"The role of tumor necrosis factor \u03b1 in the pathophysiology of human multiple myeloma: therapeutic applications","volume":"20","author":"Hideshima","year":"2001","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25624","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)74435-4","article-title":"The Role of NF-KB and NF-IL6 transactivating factors in the synergistic activation of human serum amyloid A gene expression by interleukin- 1 and interleukin-6","volume":"268","author":"Betts","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Biol Chem."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1200","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.2002.17.7.1200","article-title":"NF-\u03baB p50 and p52 expression is not required for RANK-expressing osteoclast progenitor formation but is essential for RANK- and cytokine-mediated osteoclastogenesis","volume":"17","author":"Xing","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1741","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.190.12.1741","article-title":"Commitment and differentiation of osteoclast precursor cells by the sequential expression of C-Fms and receptor activator of nuclear factor \u03bab (Rank) receptors","volume":"190","author":"Arai","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Exp Med."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3482","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.11.24.3482","article-title":"Requirement for NF-\u03baB in osteoclast and B-cell development","volume":"11","author":"Franzoso","year":"1997","journal-title":"Genes Dev."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI200523394","article-title":"IL-1 mediates TNF-induced osteoclastogenesis","volume":"115","author":"Wei","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Clin Invest."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2003.10.005","article-title":"IL-6, RANKL, TNF-alpha\/IL-1: interrelations in bone resorption pathophysiology","volume":"15","author":"Steeve","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cytokine Growth Factor Rev."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"765624","DOI":"10.1155\/2011\/765624","article-title":"The roles of interleukin-6 in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"2011","author":"Hashizume","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arthritis"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.2147\/CMR.S18101","article-title":"Clinical significance of interleukin (IL)-6 in cancer metastasis to bone: potential of anti-IL-6 therapies","volume":"3","author":"Tawara","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cancer Manag Res."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1815","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-04-1560","article-title":"The prognostic significance of plasma interleukin-6 levels in patients with metastatic hormone-refractory prostate cancer: results from cancer and leukemia group B 9480","volume":"11","author":"George","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res."},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.1987.13","article-title":"The clinical course of bone metastases from breast cancer","volume":"55","author":"Coleman","year":"1987","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-08-0613","article-title":"Interleukin-6 in the bone marrow microenvironment promotes the growth and survival of neuroblastoma cells","volume":"69","author":"Ara","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1387","DOI":"10.1182\/bloodadvances.2017007856","article-title":"Interleukin-6 levels predict event-free survival in pediatric AML and suggest a mechanism of chemotherapy resistance","volume":"1","author":"Stevens","year":"2017","journal-title":"Blood Adv."},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V91.1.3","article-title":"Multiple myeloma: increasing evidence for a multistep transformation process","volume":"91","author":"Hallek","year":"1998","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1038\/332083a0","article-title":"Autocrine generation and requirement of BSF-2\/IL-6 for human multiple myelomas","volume":"332","author":"Kawano","year":"1988","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1089\/ten.teb.2014.0119","article-title":"Signaling pathways involved in osteogenesis and their application for bone regenerative medicine","volume":"21","author":"Hayrapetyan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Tissue Eng Part B Rev."},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gene.2012.04.076","article-title":"Mechanical regulation of signaling pathways in bone","volume":"503","author":"Thompson","year":"2012","journal-title":"Gene"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1007\/s00223-016-0162-2","article-title":"Adipose, bone, and myeloma: contributions from the microenvironment","volume":"100","author":"McDonald","year":"2017","journal-title":"Calcif Tissue Int."},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"658","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2012-1026","article-title":"The osteocyte: an endocrine cell \u2026 and more","volume":"34","author":"Dallas","year":"2013","journal-title":"Endocr Rev."},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1461","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.182.5.1461","article-title":"Interleukin (IL)-6 induction of osteoclast differentiation depends on IL-6 receptors expressed on osteoblastic cells but not on osteoclast progenitors","volume":"182","author":"Udagawa","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Exp Med."},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1635","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/ken363","article-title":"IL-6 trans-signalling directly induces RANKL on fibroblast-like synovial cells and is involved in RANKL induction by TNF-\u03b1 and IL-17","volume":"47","author":"Hashizume","year":"2008","journal-title":"Rheumatology"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19301","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.274.27.19301","article-title":"STAT3 activation in stromal\/osteoblastic cells is required for induction of the receptor activator of NF-\u03baB ligand and stimulation of osteoclastogenesis by gp130-utilizing cytokines or interleukin-1 but not 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 or parathyroid hormone","volume":"274","author":"O'Brien","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Biol Chem."},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2008.11.004","article-title":"The dual role of IL-6-type cytokines on bone remodeling and bone tumors","volume":"20","author":"Blanchard","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cytokine Growth Factor Rev."},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1991","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2004-1167","article-title":"Cross-Talk between the interleukin-6 and prostaglandin E2 signaling systems results in enhancement of osteoclastogenesis through effects on the osteoprotegerin\/Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-\u03baB (RANK) ligand\/RANK system","volume":"146","author":"Liu","year":"2005","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1016\/S8756-3282(97)00293-7","article-title":"Interleukin-6 synthesis induced by prostaglandin E2: cross-talk regulation by protein kinase C","volume":"22","author":"Kozawa","year":"1998","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1080","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.2000.2573","article-title":"Differential stimulation by PGE2 and calcemic hormones of IL-6 in stromal\/osteoblastic cells","volume":"270","author":"Gruber","year":"2000","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun."},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.1998.13.3.393","article-title":"IL-6 mediates the effects of IL-1 or TNF, but Not PTHrP or 1,25(OH)2D3, on osteoclast-like cell formation in normal human bone marrow cultures","volume":"13","author":"Devlin","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res."},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-2478(99)00040-1","article-title":"Generation of \u2018truncated' interleukin-6 receptor (IL-6R) mRNA by alternative splicing; a possible source of soluble IL-6R","volume":"68","author":"Csilla","year":"1999","journal-title":"Immunol Lett"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7102","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.180.11.7102","article-title":"Soluble IL-6R is produced by IL-6R ectodomain shedding in activated CD4 T cells","volume":"180","author":"Briso","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Immunol."},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1007\/s00774-013-0514-1","article-title":"IL-6 negatively regulates osteoblast differentiation through the SHP2\/MEK2 and SHP2\/Akt2 pathways in vitro","volume":"32","author":"Kaneshiro","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Metab."},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"630","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms1651","article-title":"c-Src and IL-6 inhibit osteoblast differentiation and integrate IGFBP5 signalling","volume":"3","author":"Peruzzi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat Commun."},{"key":"B35","first-page":"341","article-title":"The role of the interleukin-6\/gp130 signaling pathway in bone metabolism","volume-title":"Vitamins and Hormones.","author":"Liu","year":"2006"},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.pharmtox.41.1.661","article-title":"Prostanoid receptors: subtypes and signaling","volume":"41","author":"Breyer","year":"2001","journal-title":"Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol."},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clim.2006.01.016","article-title":"Prostaglandin E2 synthesis and secretion: the role of PGE2 synthases","volume":"119","author":"Park","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Immunol."},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1130","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1300290","article-title":"Prostaglandin E2\u2013EP3 signaling induces inflammatory swelling by mast cell activation","volume":"192","author":"Morimoto","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Immunol."},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.1968","article-title":"Prostaglandin E2\u2013EP4 signaling promotes immune inflammation through TH1 cell differentiation and TH17 cell expansion","volume":"15","author":"Yao","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat Med."},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2014.08.024","article-title":"The role of prostaglandin E2 receptor signaling of dendritic cells in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"23","author":"Jia","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int Immunopharmacol."},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20051310","article-title":"Prostacyclin-IP signaling and prostaglandin E2-P2\/EP4 signaling both mediate joint inflammation in mouse collagen-induced arthritis","volume":"203","author":"Honda","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Exp Med."},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"239310","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/239310","article-title":"Prostaglandins and rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"2012","author":"Fattahi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arthritis"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1546","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-291X(89)90851-6","article-title":"Parathyroid hormone (PTH) and PTH-like protein (PLP) stimulate interleukin-6 production by osteogenic cells: a possible role of interleukin-6 in osteoclastogenesis","volume":"162","author":"L\u00f6wik","year":"1989","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun."},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1238","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI118157","article-title":"Adenyl cyclase and interleukin 6 are downstream effectors of parathyroid hormone resulting in stimulation of bone resorption","volume":"96","author":"Greenfield","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Clin Invest."},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4683","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.140.10.7036","article-title":"A role for interleukin-6 in parathyroid hormone-induced bone resorption in Vivo 1","volume":"140","author":"Grey","year":"1999","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3551","DOI":"10.1002\/art.22175","article-title":"Impaired skeletal development in interleukin-6\u2013transgenic mice: a model for the impact of chronic inflammation on the growing skeletal system","volume":"54","author":"Fabrizio","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"928","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2007.07.022","article-title":"Callus mineralization and maturation are delayed during fracture healing in interleukin-6 knockout mice","volume":"41","author":"Yang","year":"2007","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2010.06.014","article-title":"Malfunction of bone marrow derived osteoclasts and the delay of bone fracture healing in diabetic mice","volume":"47","author":"Kasahara","year":"2010","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dhjo.2017.04.010","article-title":"Prevalence and causes of work disability among working-age U","volume":"11","author":"Theis","year":"2018","journal-title":"Disabil Health J."},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"869","DOI":"10.1006\/cyto.1998.0500","article-title":"Flow cytometrical determination of interleukin 1\u03b2, interleukin 6 and tumour necrosis factor \u03b1 in monocytes of rheumatoid arthritis patients; relation with parameters of osteoporosis","volume":"11","author":"Verbruggen","year":"1999","journal-title":"Cytokine"},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1521","DOI":"10.1002\/art.11143","article-title":"Anti\u2013interleukin-6 receptor antibody therapy reduces vascular endothelial growth factor production in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"48","author":"Hideko","year":"2003","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1002\/art.21537","article-title":"Interleukin-6 modulates production of T lymphocyte\u2013derived cytokines in antigen-induced arthritis and drives inflammation-induced osteoclastogenesis","volume":"54","author":"Wong","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-9255-6-10","article-title":"Evaluation of anti-IL-6 monoclonal antibody therapy using murine type II collagen-induced arthritis","volume":"6","author":"Liang","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Inflamm (Lond)"},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1111\/cei.12201","article-title":"Anti-interleukin-6 receptor antibody prevents systemic bone mass loss via reducing the number of osteoclast precursors in bone marrow in a collagen-induced arthritis model","volume":"175","author":"Tanaka","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol."},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3202","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.171.6.3202","article-title":"Soluble IL-6 receptor governs IL-6 activity in experimental arthritis: blockade of arthritis severity by soluble glycoprotein 130","volume":"171","author":"Nowell","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Immunol."},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2004.09.011","article-title":"Male IL-6 gene knock out mice developed more advanced osteoarthritis upon aging","volume":"13","author":"de Hooge","year":"2005","journal-title":"Osteoarthr Cartilage"},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.52.3.232","article-title":"Serum interleukin 6 levels in rheumatoid arthritis: correlations with clinical and laboratory indices of disease activity","volume":"52","author":"Madhok","year":"1993","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis."},{"key":"B58","article-title":"FDA declines to approve J&J arthritis drug sirukumab","volume-title":"Reuters","author":"Clarke","year":"2017"},{"key":"B59","unstructured":"FDA Approves the ACTPen for Genentech's Actemra a Single-Dose Prefilled Autoinjector for the Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis Giant Cell Arteritis and Two Forms of Juvenile Arthritis | Business Wire. BusinessWire2018"},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1002\/art.25053","article-title":"Rapid and sustained improvement in bone and cartilage turnover markers with the anti\u00e2\u20ac\u201cinterleukin-6 receptor inhibitor tocilizumab plus methotrexate in rheumatoid arthritis patients with an inadequate response to methotrexate: results from a substudy of the multicenter double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of tocilizumab in inadequate responders to methotrexate alone","volume":"62","author":"Garnero","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.3109\/s10165-010-0325-3","article-title":"Humanized anti-interleukin-6-receptor antibody (tocilizumab) monotherapy is more effective in slowing radiographic progression in patients with rheumatoid arthritis at high baseline risk for structural damage evaluated with levels of biomarkers, radiography, and BMI: data from the SAMURAI study","volume":"21","author":"Hashimoto","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mod Rheumatol."},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2012.01.004","article-title":"IL-6 receptor inhibition positively modulates bone balance in rheumatoid arthritis patients with an inadequate response to anti-tumor necrosis factor therapy: biochemical marker analysis of bone metabolism in the tocilizumab RADIATE study (NCT00106522)","volume":"42","author":"Karsdal","year":"2012","journal-title":"Semin Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2669","DOI":"10.1007\/s00296-011-2021-9","article-title":"Osteoprotegerin expression in bone marrow by treatment with tocilizumab in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"32","author":"Kanbe","year":"2012","journal-title":"Rheumatol Int."},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2011-201075","article-title":"Interleukin-6 receptor blockade induces limited repair of bone erosions in rheumatoid arthritis: a micro CT study","volume":"72","author":"Finzel","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis."},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2022","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2011.153312","article-title":"Cytokine mRNA profiling identifies B cells as a major source of RANKL in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"70","author":"Yeo","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis."},{"key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1246","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2007.07.040","article-title":"Structural basis for activation of fatty acid-binding protein 4","volume":"372","author":"Gillilan","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Mol Biol."},{"key":"B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9326","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M117.818559","article-title":"A bispecific antibody that targets IL-6 receptor and IL-17A for the potential therapy of patients with autoimmune and inflammatory diseases","volume":"293","author":"Lyman","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Biol Chem."},{"key":"B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/61.6.575","article-title":"Interleukin-6 in aging and chronic disease: a magnificent pathway","volume":"61","author":"Maggio","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci."},{"key":"B69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.med.51.1.245","article-title":"Age-associated increased interleukin-6 gene expression, late-life diseases, and frailty","volume":"51","author":"Ershler","year":"2000","journal-title":"Annu Rev Med."},{"key":"B70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5219","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.150.12.5219","article-title":"Altered regulation of IL-6 production with normal aging. Possible linkage to the age-associated decline in dehydroepiandrosterone and its sulfated derivative","volume":"150","author":"Daynes","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Immunol."},{"key":"B71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1365","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.5650100914","article-title":"Endogenous bone-resorbing factors in estrogen deficiency: cooperative effects of IL-1 and IL-6","volume":"10","author":"Chisato","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res."},{"key":"B72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1621100","article-title":"Increased osteoclast development after estrogen loss: mediation by interleukin-6","volume":"257","author":"Jilka","year":"1992","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"B73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1967","DOI":"10.1002\/art.20309","article-title":"17\u03b2-estradiol regulates cytokine release through modulation of CD16 expression in monocytes and monocyte-derived macrophages","volume":"50","author":"Kramer","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"B74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2006.11.002","article-title":"Changes in serum cytokine concentrations during the menopausal transition","volume":"56","author":"Yasui","year":"2007","journal-title":"Maturitas"},{"key":"B75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6867","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.onc.1203219","article-title":"How NF-\u03baB is activated: the role of the I\u03baB kinase (IKK) complex","volume":"18","author":"Karin","year":"1999","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"B76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1998.8324","article-title":"Estrogen inhibits phorbol ester-induced I\u03baB\u03b1 transcription and protein degradation","volume":"244","author":"Sun","year":"1998","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun."},{"key":"B77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1189","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1460-2075.1994.tb06368.x","article-title":"Interleukin-6 deficient mice are protected from bone loss caused by estrogen depletion","volume":"13","author":"Poli","year":"1994","journal-title":"EMBO J."},{"key":"B78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0154677","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0154677","article-title":"IL-6 contributes to the defective osteogenesis of bone marrow stromal cells from the vertebral body of the glucocorticoid-induced osteoporotic mouse","volume":"11","author":"Li","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"B79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2747","DOI":"10.1002\/art.24781","article-title":"Inhibition of interleukin-6 receptor directly blocks osteoclast formation in vitro and in vivo","volume":"60","author":"Roland","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"B80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(200101)44:1<196::AID-ANR26>3.0.CO;2-5","article-title":"A functional polymorphic variant in the interleukin-6 gene promoter associated with low bone resorption in postmenopausal women","volume":"44","author":"Ferrari","year":"2001","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"B81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccr.2009.01.009","article-title":"Inflammation and cancer: IL-6 and STAT3 complete the link","volume":"15","author":"Bromberg","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cancer Cell"},{"key":"B82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1007\/s00595-016-1404-7","article-title":"High serum levels of interleukin-6 in patients with advanced or metastatic colorectal cancer: the effect on the outcome and the response to chemotherapy plus bevacizumab","volume":"47","author":"Hara","year":"2017","journal-title":"Surg Today"},{"key":"B83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.17219\/acem\/62120","article-title":"IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-\u03b1 levels correlate with disease stage in breast cancer patients","volume":"26","author":"Ma","year":"2017","journal-title":"Adv Clin Exp Med."},{"key":"B84","first-page":"2702","article-title":"Serum Interleukin 6 as a prognostic factor in patients with prostate cancer","volume":"6","author":"Nakashima","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res."},{"key":"B85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2794","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V77.12.2794.2794","article-title":"Interleukin-6 is a prognostic factor in multiple myeloma","volume":"77","author":"Ludwig","year":"1991","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"B86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"921","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1252510","article-title":"The cellular and molecular origin of tumor-associated macrophages","volume":"344","author":"Franklin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"B87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2238","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.201444870","article-title":"STAT of the union: dynamics of distinct tumor-associated macrophage subsets governed by STAT1","volume":"44","author":"Van Overmeire","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur J Immunol."},{"key":"B88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11553","DOI":"10.1007\/s13277-016-5098-7","article-title":"Role of interleukin-6 in cancer progression and therapeutic resistance","volume":"37","author":"Kumari","year":"2016","journal-title":"Tumor Biol."},{"key":"B89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1007\/s12307-010-0052-5","article-title":"Tumor-associated Macrophages (TAM) and inflammation in colorectal cancer","volume":"4","author":"Erreni","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cancer Microenviron."},{"key":"B90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1393","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2014.08.039","article-title":"Tumor-associated macrophages produce interleukin 6 and signal via STAT3 to promote expansion of human hepatocellular carcinoma stem cells","volume":"147","author":"Wan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"B91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccr.2009.12.041","article-title":"Cancer-associated fibroblasts are activated in incipient neoplasia to orchestrate tumor-promoting inflammation in an NF-\u03baB-dependent manner","volume":"17","author":"Erez","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cancer Cell"},{"key":"B92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1038\/nri1703","article-title":"NF-\u03baB: linking inflammation and immunity to cancer development and progression","volume":"5","author":"Karin","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol."},{"key":"B93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canlet.2011.01.011","article-title":"Ovarian cancer-associated fibroblasts contribute to epithelial ovarian carcinoma metastasis by promoting angiogenesis, lymphangiogenesis and tumor cell invasion","volume":"303","author":"Zhang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cancer Lett."},{"key":"B94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20741","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.15119","article-title":"IL-6 secreted by cancer-associated fibroblasts promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition and metastasis of gastric cancer via JAK2\/STAT3 signaling pathway","volume":"8","author":"Wu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"B95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.2013.748","article-title":"Interleukin-6 released by colon cancer-associated fibroblasts is critical for tumour angiogenesis: anti-interleukin-6 receptor antibody suppressed angiogenesis and inhibited tumour\u2013stroma interaction","volume":"110","author":"Nagasaki","year":"2014","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"B96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1889","DOI":"10.1007\/s13277-015-3942-9","article-title":"Cancer-associated fibroblasts promote angiogenesis in gastric cancer through galectin-1 expression","volume":"37","author":"Tang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Tumor Biol."},{"key":"B97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0181125","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0181125","article-title":"High systemic IL-6 is associated with worse prognosis in patients with non-small cell lung cancer","volume":"12","author":"Silva","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"B98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-4598-12-26","article-title":"IL-6 expression predicts treatment response and outcome in squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus","volume":"12","author":"Chen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mol Cancer"},{"key":"B99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1186\/1748-717X-8-159","article-title":"The role of IL-6 in the radiation response of prostate cancer","volume":"8","author":"Wu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Radiat Oncol."},{"key":"B100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"937","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2008.02.047","article-title":"Systematic review of the association between circulating interleukin-6 (IL-6) and cancer","volume":"44","author":"Heikkila","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer"},{"key":"B101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1482","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtho.2016.05.025","article-title":"IL-6 secreted from cancer-associated fibroblasts mediates chemoresistance in NSCLC by increasing epithelial-mesenchymal transition signaling","volume":"11","author":"Shintani","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Thorac Oncol."},{"key":"B102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"904","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2012.04.007","article-title":"Interleukin-6 signaling pathway in targeted therapy for cancer","volume":"38","author":"Guo","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cancer Treat Rev."},{"key":"B103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e113572","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0113572","article-title":"IL-6 secreted from senescent mesenchymal stem cells promotes proliferation and migration of breast cancer cells","volume":"9","author":"Di","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"B104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2940","DOI":"10.1038\/onc.2009.180","article-title":"Interleukin-6 induces an epithelial\u2013mesenchymal transition phenotype in human breast cancer cells","volume":"28","author":"Sullivan","year":"2009","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"B105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1517","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.onc.1206226","article-title":"Interleukin-6 promotes cervical tumor growth by VEGF-dependent angiogenesis via a STAT3 pathway","volume":"22","author":"Wei","year":"2003","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"B106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1303","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.22006","article-title":"Interleukin-6 induces both cell growth and VEGF production in malignant mesotheliomas","volume":"119","author":"Adachi","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"B107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2009.10.014","article-title":"An epigenetic switch involving NF-\u03baB, Lin28, let-7 microRNA, and IL6 links inflammation to cell transformation","volume":"139","author":"Iliopoulos","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"B108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2010.07.023","article-title":"STAT3 activation of miR-21 and miR-181b-1, via PTEN and CYLD, are part of the epigenetic switch linking inflammation to cancer","volume":"39","author":"Iliopoulos","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mol Cell"},{"key":"B109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41974","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.9633","article-title":"The inflammatory\/cancer-related IL-6\/STAT3\/NF-\u03baB positive feedback loop includes AUF1 and maintains the active state of breast myofibroblasts","volume":"7","author":"Hendrayani","year":"2016","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"B110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI115354","article-title":"Ionizing radiation induces expression and binding activity of the nuclear factor kappa B","volume":"88","author":"Brach","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Clin Invest."},{"key":"B111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"832","DOI":"10.1038\/onc.2008.439","article-title":"Ionizing radiation-induced NF-\u03baB activation requires PARP-1 function to confer radio-resistance","volume":"28","author":"Veuger","year":"2009","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"B112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5813","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.onc.1206680","article-title":"Transcription factors activated in mammalian cells after clinically relevant doses of ionizing radiation","volume":"22","author":"Criswell","year":"2003","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"B113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4302","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-15-1374","article-title":"Molecular pathways: the balance between cancer and the immune system challenges the therapeutic specificity of targeting nuclear factor-\u03baB signaling for cancer treatment","volume":"22","author":"Zeligs","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res."},{"key":"B114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1187","DOI":"10.1007\/s00109-007-0227-9","article-title":"Many faces of NF-\u03baB signaling induced by genotoxic stress","volume":"85","author":"Wu","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Mol Med."},{"key":"B115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"652","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.2012.321","article-title":"Enhancement of radiosensitivity by a unique novel NF-\u03baB inhibitor, DHMEQ, in prostate cancer","volume":"107","author":"Kozakai","year":"2012","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"B116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cellsig.2012.10.004","article-title":"Bortezomib\/proteasome inhibitor triggers both apoptosis and autophagy-dependent pathways in melanoma cells","volume":"25","author":"Selimovic","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cell Signal"},{"key":"B117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.2174\/1568009614666140804154511","article-title":"Overview of proteasome inhibitor-based anti-cancer therapies: perspective on bortezomib and second generation proteasome inhibitors versus future generation inhibitors of ubiquitin-proteasome system","volume":"14","author":"Dou","year":"2014","journal-title":"Curr Cancer Drug Targets"},{"key":"B118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.4161\/auto.6.1.10323","article-title":"Bortezomib blocks the catabolic process of autophagy via a cathepsin-dependent mechanism, affects endoplasmic reticulum stress, and induces caspase-dependent cell death in antiestrogen\u2013sensitive and resistant ER+ breast cancer cells","volume":"6","author":"Periyasamy-Thandavan","year":"2010","journal-title":"Autophagy"},{"key":"B119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1002\/pros.20057","article-title":"Interleukin-6 is responsible for drug resistance and anti-apoptotic effects in prostatic cancer cells","volume":"60","author":"Yeong-Shiau","year":"2004","journal-title":"Prostate"},{"key":"B120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5799","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.onc.1204733","article-title":"The anti-apoptotic role of interleukin-6 in human cervical cancer is mediated by up-regulation of Mcl-1 through a PI 3-K\/Akt pathway","volume":"20","author":"Wei","year":"2001","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"B121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2018.00218","article-title":"Soluble and cell\u2013cell-mediated drivers of proteasome inhibitor resistance in multiple myeloma","volume":"9","author":"Farrell","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"key":"B122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1076","DOI":"10.2174\/092986712799320682","article-title":"Gemcitabine: a critical nucleoside for cancer therapy","volume":"19","author":"Gesto","year":"2012","journal-title":"Curr Med Chem."},{"key":"B123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2007.04.022","article-title":"Interleukin-6 (il-6) mediates g0\/g1 growth arrest in hepatocellular carcinoma through a stat 3-dependent pathway","volume":"147","author":"Moran","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Surg Res."},{"key":"B124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3742","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.onc.1202708","article-title":"Interleukin-6 and oncostatin M-induced growth inhibition of human A375 melanoma cells is STAT-dependent and involves upregulation of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p27\/Kip1","volume":"18","author":"Kortylewski","year":"1999","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"B125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21137","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.273.33.21137","article-title":"Transcriptional activation of the p21(WAF1,CIP1,SDI1) gene by interleukin-6 type cytokines. A prerequisite for their pro-differentiating and anti-apoptotic effects on human osteoblastic cells","volume":"273","author":"Bellido","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"B126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6653","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.onc.1210492","article-title":"Sensitization of osteosarcoma cells to apoptosis by oncostatin M depends on STAT5 and p53","volume":"26","author":"Chipoy","year":"2007","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"B127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1285","DOI":"10.2217\/fon.11.112","article-title":"Mechanisms of cancer cell metastasis to the bone: a multistep process","volume":"7","author":"Patel","year":"2011","journal-title":"Future Oncol."},{"key":"B128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33662","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M109.010785","article-title":"Breast cancer-derived factors stimulate osteoclastogenesis through the Ca(2+)\/protein kinase C and transforming growth factor-\u03b2\/MAPK signaling pathways","volume":"284","author":"Tiedemann","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Biol Chem."},{"key":"B129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.20056","article-title":"Breast cancer cells induce osteoclast formation by stimulating host IL-11 production and downregulating granulocyte\/macrophage colony-stimulating factor","volume":"109","author":"Tumber","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"B130","first-page":"422","article-title":"Stimulation of interleukin-11 production from osteoblast-like cells by transforming growth factor-\u03b2 and tumor cell factors","volume":"71","author":"Yoshihiro","year":"1998","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"B131","first-page":"2615","article-title":"Bone destruction by invading oral squamous carcinoma cells mediated by the transforming growth factor-\u03b2 signalling pathway","volume":"30","author":"Goda","year":"2010","journal-title":"Anticancer Res Int J Cancer Res Treat"},{"key":"B132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canlet.2005.01.059","article-title":"Mechanisms of bone invasion and metastasis in human neuroblastoma","volume":"228","author":"Sohara","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cancer Lett."},{"key":"B133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1038\/bonekey.2012.135","article-title":"Mechanisms of multiple myeloma bone disease","volume":"1","author":"Galson","year":"2012","journal-title":"Bonekey Rep."},{"key":"B134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1483","DOI":"10.1093\/carcin\/bgn045","article-title":"Bone-derived SDF-1 stimulates IL-6 release via CXCR4, ERK and NF-\u03baB pathways and promotes osteoclastogenesis in human oral cancer cells","volume":"29","author":"Tang","year":"2008","journal-title":"Carcinogenesis"},{"key":"B135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1634\/stemcells.22-1-65","article-title":"Mobilization of myeloma cells involves SDF-1\/CXCR4 signaling and downregulation of VLA-4","volume":"22","author":"Gazitt","year":"2008","journal-title":"Stem Cells"},{"key":"B136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1289","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exphem.2006.06.017","article-title":"Chemokines in multiple myeloma","volume":"34","author":"Aggarwal","year":"2006","journal-title":"Exp Hematol."},{"key":"B137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.185.1.111","article-title":"The chemokine SDF-1 is a chemoattractant for human CD34(+) hematopoietic progenitor cells and provides a new mechanism to explain the mobilization of CD34(+) progenitors to peripheral blood","volume":"185","author":"Aiuti","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Exp Med."},{"key":"B138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1145","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20041185","article-title":"The role of CXCR4 in maintaining peripheral B cell compartments and humoral immunity","volume":"200","author":"Nie","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Exp Med."},{"key":"B139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"752","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.leu.2402107","article-title":"Differential expression of chemokine receptors in B cell malignancies","volume":"15","author":"D\u00fcrig","year":"2001","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"key":"B140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3245","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2006-01-017459","article-title":"SDF-1a regulation in breast cancer cells contacting bone marrow stroma is critical for normal hematopoiesis","volume":"108","author":"Moharita","year":"2006","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"B141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4175","DOI":"10.1007\/s13277-015-4259-4","article-title":"The SDF-1\/CXCR4 chemokine axis in uveal melanoma cell proliferation and migration","volume":"37","author":"Bi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Tumor Biol."},{"key":"B142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V97.2.346","article-title":"Chemokine stromal cell-derived factor-1\u03b1 modulates VLA-4 integrin-mediated multiple myeloma cell adhesion to CS-1\/fibronectin and VCAM-1","volume":"97","author":"Sanz-Rodriguez","year":"2001","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"B143","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3289","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V95.11.3289","article-title":"The chemokine SDF-1 activates the integrins LFA-1, VLA-4, and VLA-5 on immature human CD34(+) cells: role in transendothelial\/stromal migration and engraftment of NOD\/SCID mice","volume":"95","author":"Peled","year":"2000","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"B144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1978","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2002-10-3190","article-title":"Transforming growth factor-\u03b21 down-regulates expression of chemokine stromal cell\u2013derived factor-1: functional consequences in cell migration and adhesion","volume":"102","author":"Wright","year":"2003","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"B145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4341","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2008-10-186668","article-title":"CXCR4 inhibitor AMD3100 disrupts the interaction of multiple myeloma cells with the bone marrow microenvironment and enhances their sensitivity to therapy","volume":"113","author":"Azab","year":"2009","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"B146","first-page":"200","article-title":"Clinical significance of chemokine receptor (CCR1, CCR2 and CXCR4) expression in human myeloma cells: the association with disease activity and survival","volume":"91","author":"Van de Broek","year":"2006","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"key":"B147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.leu.2402717","article-title":"Expression and function of chemokine receptors in human multiple myeloma","volume":"17","author":"M\u00f6ller","year":"2003","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"key":"B148","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6600833","article-title":"Chemokine receptor CCR2 is expressed by human multiple myeloma cells and mediates migration to bone marrow stromal cell-produced monocyte chemotactic proteins MCP-1,-2 and-3","volume":"88","author":"Broek","year":"2003","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"B149","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1136","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.170.3.1136","article-title":"Cutting edge: profile of chemokine receptor expression on human plasma cells accounts for their efficient recruitment to target tissues","volume":"170","author":"Nakayama","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Immunol."},{"key":"B150","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8222","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.95.14.8222","article-title":"Interleukin 6 plays a key role in the development of antigen-induced arthritis","volume":"95","author":"Ohshima","year":"1998","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA."},{"key":"B151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.184.2.569","article-title":"Interleukin-2 regulates CC chemokine receptor expression and chemotactic responsiveness in T lymphocytes","volume":"184","author":"Loetscher","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Exp Med."},{"key":"B152","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1466","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.27342","article-title":"Elevated circulating sclerostin correlates with advanced disease features and abnormal bone remodeling in symptomatic myeloma: reduction post-bortezomib monotherapy","volume":"131","author":"Terpos","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int J cancer"},{"key":"B153","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3452","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2017-03-773341","article-title":"Inhibiting the osteocyte-specific protein sclerostin increases bone mass and fracture resistance in multiple myeloma","volume":"129","author":"McDonald","year":"2017","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"B154","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1225","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.2789","article-title":"Regulation of sclerostin expression in multiple myeloma by Dkk-1; a potential therapeutic strategy for myeloma bone disease","volume":"31","author":"Eda","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res."},{"key":"B155","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1007\/s40610-017-0074-6","article-title":"Reflections on cancer in the bone marrow: adverse roles of adipocytes","volume":"3","author":"Falank","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr Mol Biol Rep."},{"key":"B156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1156","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.25976","article-title":"The skeletal cell-derived molecule sclerostin drives bone marrow adipogenesis","volume":"233","author":"Fairfield","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Cell Physiol."},{"key":"B157","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.1517\/14728220903025770","article-title":"Dickkopf-1: a suitable target for the management of myeloma bone disease","volume":"13","author":"Gavriatopoulou","year":"2009","journal-title":"Expert Opin Ther Targets"},{"key":"B158","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2483","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa030847","article-title":"The role of the Wnt-signaling antagonist DKK1 in the development of osteolytic lesions in multiple myeloma","volume":"349","author":"Tian","year":"2003","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"key":"B159","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11505","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms11505","article-title":"A bispecific antibody targeting sclerostin and DKK-1 promotes bone mass accrual and fracture repair","volume":"7","author":"Florio","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat Commun."},{"key":"B160","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"986","DOI":"10.1634\/stemcells.2005-0220","article-title":"A crosstalk between myeloma cells and marrow stromal cells stimulates production of DKK1 and interleukin-6: a potential role in the development of lytic bone disease and tumor progression in multiple myeloma","volume":"24","author":"Gunn","year":"2006","journal-title":"Stem Cells"},{"key":"B161","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2071","DOI":"10.1002\/art.39183","article-title":"Brief report: tumor necrosis factor and interleukin-6 differentially regulate Dkk-1 in the inflamed arthritic joint","volume":"67","author":"Yeremenko","year":"2015","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol."},{"key":"B162","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1360","DOI":"10.1159\/000465455","article-title":"IL-6 enhances osteocyte-mediated osteoclastogenesis by promoting JAK2 and RANKL activity in vitro","volume":"41","author":"Wu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cell Physiol Biochem."},{"key":"B163","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1833","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI9133","article-title":"Enhanced RANK ligand expression and responsivity of bone marrow cells in Paget's disease of bone","volume":"105","author":"Menaa","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Clin Invest."},{"key":"B164","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1016\/S8756-3282(00)00263-5","article-title":"Interleukin-6 modulates trabecular and endochondral bone turnover in the nude mouse by stimulating osteoclast differentiation","volume":"26","author":"Rozen","year":"2000","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"B165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2630","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V95.8.2630","article-title":"Vascular endothelial growth factor and interleukin-6 in paracrine tumor-stromal cell interactions in multiple myeloma","volume":"95","author":"Dankbar","year":"2000","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"B166","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"816","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-06-2258","article-title":"Myeloma Cell-osteoclast interaction enhances angiogenesis together with bone resorption: a role for vascular endothelial cell growth factor and osteopontin","volume":"13","author":"Tanaka","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res."},{"key":"B167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1383","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2004-07-2909","article-title":"The pathophysiologic role of VEGF in hematologic malignancies: therapeutic implications","volume":"105","author":"Podar","year":"2005","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"B168","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1016\/S0300-9084(02)01374-3","article-title":"Apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF): a novel caspase-independent death effector released from mitochondria","volume":"84","author":"Cand\u00e9","year":"2002","journal-title":"Biochimie"},{"key":"B169","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1080\/15216540600957438","article-title":"ERK1\/2 MAP kinases in cell survival and apoptosis","volume":"58","author":"Lu","year":"2006","journal-title":"IUBMB Life"},{"key":"B170","first-page":"256","article-title":"BCL-X expression in multiple myeloma: possible indicator of chemoresistance","volume":"58","author":"Tu","year":"1998","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"B171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1885","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V99.6.1885","article-title":"Myeloid cell factor\u22121 is a critical survival factor for multiple myeloma","volume":"99","author":"Zhang","year":"2002","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"B172","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1111\/bjh.12266","article-title":"A phase 2 multicentre study of siltuximab, an anti-interleukin-6 monoclonal antibody, in patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma","volume":"161","author":"Voorhees","year":"2013","journal-title":"Br J Haematol."},{"key":"B173","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.23868","article-title":"A phase ii, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of siltuximab (Anti-IL-6 mAb) and bortezomib versus bortezomib alone in patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma","volume":"90","author":"Orlowski","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Hematol."},{"key":"B174","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V100.1.194","article-title":"Antisense strategy shows that Mcl-1 rather than Bcl-2 or Bcl-x(L) is an essential survival protein of human myeloma cells","volume":"100","author":"Derenne","year":"2002","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"B175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3597","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.onc.1207458","article-title":"Blockade of ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme CDC34 enhances anti-myeloma activity of Bortezomib\/Proteasome inhibitor PS-341","volume":"23","author":"Chauhan","year":"2004","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"B176","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2776","DOI":"10.1038\/cddis.2017.188","article-title":"MK2206 enhances the cytocidal effects of bufalin in multiple myeloma by inhibiting the AKT\/mTOR pathway","volume":"8","author":"Xiang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis."},{"key":"B177","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4673","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-04-3589","article-title":"Interleukin 6 supports the maintenance of p53 tumor suppressor gene promoter methylation","volume":"65","author":"Hodge","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"B178","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1007\/s12185-016-2008-0","article-title":"Histone deacetylase inhibitors in multiple myeloma: from bench to bedside","volume":"104","author":"Harada","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Hematol."},{"key":"B179","first-page":"5392","article-title":"The novel subtype-selective histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, chidamide, exerts dual anti-myeloma and bone protective effect in vitro and in vivo","volume":"130","author":"He","year":"2017","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"B180","first-page":"21","article-title":"Obesity-driven inflammation and cancer risk: role of myeloid derived suppressor cells and alternately activated macrophages","volume":"3","author":"Okwan-Duodu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Cancer Res."},{"key":"B181","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"851","DOI":"10.5114\/aoms.2016.58928","article-title":"Obesity and inflammation: the linking mechanism and the complications","volume":"13","author":"Ellulu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arch Med Sci."},{"key":"B182","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2032","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.24954","article-title":"A high fat diet increases bone Marrow Adipose Tissue (MAT) but does not alter trabecular or cortical bone mass in C57BL\/6J mice","volume":"230","author":"Doucette","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Cell Physiol."},{"key":"B183","first-page":"122","article-title":"New bone cell type identified as driver of drug resistance in multiple myeloma: the bone marrow adipocyte","volume":"130","author":"Falank","year":"2017","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"B184","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1111\/nyas.13038","article-title":"Multiple myeloma in the marrow: pathogenesis and treatments","volume":"1364","author":"Fairfield","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci."},{"key":"B185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01694762","article-title":"Obesity and multiple myeloma","volume":"5","author":"Friedman","year":"1994","journal-title":"Cancer Causes Control"},{"key":"B186","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34329","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.6020","article-title":"Mature adipocytes in bone marrow protect myeloma cells against chemotherapy through autophagy activation","volume":"6","author":"Liu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"B187","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1205","DOI":"10.3892\/or.2014.2974","article-title":"PGC-1\u03b1 integrates glucose metabolism and angiogenesis in multiple myeloma cells by regulating VEGF and GLUT-4","volume":"31","author":"Cao","year":"2014","journal-title":"Oncol Rep."},{"key":"B188","first-page":"3155","article-title":"A phase 2, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter study of siltuximab (Anti IL-6 monoclonal antibody) in patients with high-risk smoldering multiple myeloma","volume":"130","author":"Brighton","year":"2017","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"B189","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e396","DOI":"10.1038\/bcj.2016.4","article-title":"Siltuximab (CNTO 328) with lenalidomide, bortezomib and dexamethasone in newly-diagnosed, previously untreated multiple myeloma: an open-label phase I trial","volume":"6","author":"Shah","year":"2016","journal-title":"Blood Cancer J."},{"key":"B190","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1154","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6605872","article-title":"A phase I\/II study of siltuximab (CNTO 328), an anti-interleukin-6 monoclonal antibody, in metastatic renal cell cancer","volume":"103","author":"Rossi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"B191","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e396","DOI":"10.1530\/boneabs.5.CU2.2","article-title":"Fibrous dysplasia in the adult","volume":"5","author":"Chapurlat","year":"2016","journal-title":"Bone Abstr."},{"key":"B192","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1248","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-14-2291","article-title":"Interleukin-6 as a therapeutic target","volume":"21","author":"Rossi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Endocrinology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/article\/10.3389\/fendo.2018.00788\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,12]],"date-time":"2023-09-12T19:10:55Z","timestamp":1694545855000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/article\/10.3389\/fendo.2018.00788\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,8]]},"references-count":192,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fendo.2018.00788"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fendo.2018.00788","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-2392"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-2392","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,8]]},"article-number":"788"}}