{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T16:11:45Z","timestamp":1792858305745,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,14]],"date-time":"2019-05-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1557792000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Endocrinol."],"DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2019.00273","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,14]],"date-time":"2019-05-14T00:56:33Z","timestamp":1557795393000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":79,"title":["Effects of Melatonin Supplementation on Hormonal, Inflammatory, Genetic, and Oxidative Stress Parameters in Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Mehri","family":"Jamilian","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fatemeh","family":"Foroozanfard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naghmeh","family":"Mirhosseini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elham","family":"Kavossian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Esmat","family":"Aghadavod","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fereshteh","family":"Bahmani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vahidreza","family":"Ostadmohammadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mersedeh","family":"Kia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tahereh","family":"Eftekhar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elnaz","family":"Ayati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mostafa","family":"Mahdavinia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zatollah","family":"Asemi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2009.12.010","article-title":"Insulin and hyperandrogenism in women with polycystic ovary syndrome","volume":"122","author":"Baptiste","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"946","DOI":"10.1210\/mend.13.6.0311","article-title":"Augmented androgen production is a stable steroidogenic phenotype of propagated theca cells from polycystic ovaries","volume":"13","author":"Nelson","year":"1999","journal-title":"Mol Endocrinol."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2265.1997.2321049.x","article-title":"Evidence for a primary abnormality of thecal cell steroidogenesis in the polycystic ovary syndrome","volume":"47","author":"Gilling-Smith","year":"1997","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2005-1696","article-title":"Reactive oxygen species\u2013induced oxidative stress in the development of insulin resistance and hyperandrogenism in polycystic ovary syndrome","volume":"91","author":"Gonzalez","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1016\/j.steroids.2011.12.003","article-title":"Inflammation in polycystic ovary syndrome: underpinning of insulin resistance and ovarian dysfunction","volume":"77","author":"Gonzalez","year":"2012","journal-title":"Steroids."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0035-1554928","article-title":"Inflammation and human ovarian follicular dynamics","volume":"33","author":"Boots","year":"2015","journal-title":"Semin Reprod Med."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.14486","article-title":"Interventions for hirsutism excluding laser and therapy alone: abridged Cochrane systematic review including GRADE assessments","volume":"175","author":"van","year":"2016","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1111\/jpi.12360","article-title":"Melatonin as an antioxidant: under promises but over delivers","volume":"61","author":"Reiter","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Pineal Res."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(79)90848-5","article-title":"Pineal N-acetyltransferase and hydroxyindole-O-methyl-transferase: control by the retinohypothalamic tract and the suprachiasmatic nucleus","volume":"174","author":"Klein","year":"1979","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2826.2003.00989.x","article-title":"Role of melatonin in the regulation of human circadian rhythms and sleep","volume":"15","author":"Cajochen","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Neuroendocrinol."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-5728(86)90047-0","article-title":"Role of the pineal gland in immunity: circadian synthesis and release of melatonin modulates the antibody response and antagonizes the immunosuppressive effect of corticosterone","volume":"13","author":"Maestroni","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Neuroimmunol."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18886","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules201018886","article-title":"Melatonin as a potent and inducible endogenous antioxidant: synthesis and metabolism","volume":"20","author":"Tan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Molecules."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.2174\/1568026023394443","article-title":"Chemical and physical properties and potential mechanisms: melatonin as a broad spectrum antioxidant and free radical scavenger","volume":"2","author":"Tan","year":"2002","journal-title":"Curr Top Med Chem."},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.2174\/157015910792246155","article-title":"Antiinflammatory activity of melatonin in central nervous system","volume":"8","author":"Esposito","year":"2010","journal-title":"Curr Neuropharmacol."},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2014.09.003","article-title":"Endocrine and reproductive effects of polycystic ovarian syndrome","volume":"42","author":"Ecklund","year":"2015","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am."},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/dem426","article-title":"Consensus on infertility treatment related to polycystic ovary syndrome","volume":"23","author":"Thessaloniki","year":"2008","journal-title":"Hum Reprod."},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1089","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(02)03070-4","article-title":"A role for melatonin in PCOS?","volume":"77","author":"Cagnacci","year":"2002","journal-title":"Fertil Steril."},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2008.05.016","article-title":"Melatonin and the ovary: physiological and pathophysiological implications","volume":"92","author":"Tamura","year":"2009","journal-title":"Fertil Steril."},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.4103\/0974-1208.126295","article-title":"Melatonin and its correlation with testosterone in polycystic ovarian syndrome","volume":"6","author":"Jain","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Hum Reprod Sci."},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e12839","DOI":"10.1111\/aji.12839","article-title":"Pleiotropic roles of melatonin in endometriosis, recurrent spontaneous abortion, and polycystic ovary syndrome","volume":"80","author":"Yang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Reprod Immunol."},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1348","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/det013","article-title":"Poor sleep in PCOS; is melatonin the culprit?","volume":"28","author":"Shreeve","year":"2013","journal-title":"Hum Reprod."},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1349868","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/1349868","article-title":"The polycystic ovary syndrome and the metabolic syndrome: a possible chronobiotic\u2013cytoprotective adjuvant therapy","volume":"2018","author":"Spinedi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Endocrinol."},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.3109\/09513590.2015.1101444","article-title":"Effect of myo-inositol and melatonin versus myo-inositol, in a randomized controlled trial, for improving in vitro fertilization of patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome","volume":"32","author":"Pacchiarotti","year":"2016","journal-title":"Gynecol Endocrinol."},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"857","DOI":"10.3109\/09513590.2011.564687","article-title":"Effect of a supplementation with myo-inositol plus melatonin on oocyte quality in women who failed to conceive in previous in vitro fertilization cycles for poor oocyte quality: a prospective, longitudinal, cohort study","volume":"27","author":"Unfer","year":"2011","journal-title":"Gynecol Endocrinol."},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2003.10.004","article-title":"Revised 2003 consensus on diagnostic criteria and long-term health risks related to polycystic ovary syndrome","volume":"81","author":"Rotterdam","year":"2004","journal-title":"Fertil Steril."},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2017.12.004","article-title":"Melatonin administration lowers biomarkers of oxidative stress and cardio-metabolic risk in type 2 diabetic patients with coronary heart disease: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"38","author":"Raygan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Nutr."},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1007\/s12011-015-0480-7","article-title":"Effects of zinc supplementation on endocrine outcomes in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"170","author":"Jamilian","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biol Trace Elem Res."},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(81)90746-8","article-title":"Hirsutism: implications, etiology, and management","volume":"140","author":"Hatch","year":"1981","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol."},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2013.12.008","article-title":"Validation of a simplified method to assess hirsutism in the Iranian population","volume":"174","author":"Ramezani","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol."},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2010.12.011","article-title":"A simple and inexpensive automated technique for measurement of serum nitrite\/nitrate","volume":"44","author":"Tatsch","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Biochem."},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1006\/abio.1996.0292","article-title":"The ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) as a measure of antioxidant power: the FRAP assay","volume":"239","author":"Benzie","year":"1996","journal-title":"Anal Biochem."},{"key":"B32","first-page":"581","article-title":"Plasma glutathione in health and in patients with malignant disease","volume":"105","author":"Beutler","year":"1985","journal-title":"J Lab Clin Med."},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1718","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2008.171","article-title":"A rapid Percoll gradient procedure for preparation of synaptosomes","volume":"3","author":"Dunkley","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat Protoc."},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1177\/074873049701200602","article-title":"Time and time again: the phylogeny of melatonin as a transducer of biological time","volume":"12","author":"Cassone","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Biol Rhythms."},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1012","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(03)01008-2","article-title":"Increased endogenous level of melatonin in preovulatory human follicles does not directly influence progesterone production","volume":"80","author":"Nakamura","year":"2003","journal-title":"Fertil Steril."},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-71-2-493","article-title":"Circadian and seasonal variation in human preovulatory follicular fluid melatonin concentration","volume":"71","author":"Ronnberg","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab."},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-42-1-185","article-title":"Human serum melatonin changes during the menstrual cycle","volume":"42","author":"Wetterberg","year":"1976","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab."},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2304","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.85.6.6631","article-title":"Differential activity of the cytochrome P450 17alpha-hydroxylase and steroidogenic acute regulatory protein gene promoters in normal and polycystic ovary syndrome theca cells","volume":"85","author":"Wickenheisser","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab."},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"644","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2005.02256.x","article-title":"Prevalence of adrenal androgen excess in patients with the polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)","volume":"62","author":"Kumar","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol."},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2966","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2016-1896","article-title":"Weight loss and lowering androgens predict improvements in health-related quality of life in women with PCOS","volume":"101","author":"Dokras","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab."},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.17772\/gp\/1573","article-title":"Clinical efficacy of low dose flutamide plus Diane-35 in the treatment of idiopathic hirsutism and polycystic ovary syndrome","volume":"84","author":"Boztosun","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ginekol Pol."},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1177\/1933719117711262","article-title":"Melatonin treatment may be able to restore menstrual cyclicity in women with PCOS: a pilot study","volume":"25","author":"Tagliaferri","year":"2018","journal-title":"Reprod Sci."},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"586","DOI":"10.1111\/asj.12675","article-title":"Effects of melatonin on oocyte maturation in PCOS mouse model","volume":"88","author":"Nikmard","year":"2017","journal-title":"Anim Sci J."},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1710","DOI":"10.1111\/jphp.12297","article-title":"Protective effects of melatonin against metabolic and reproductive disturbances in polycystic ovary syndrome in rats","volume":"66","author":"Pai","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Pharm Pharmacol."},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms18040759","article-title":"Melatonin pharmacological blood levels increase total antioxidant capacity in critically Ill patients","volume":"18","author":"Mistraletti","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci."},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-079X.2010.00835.x","article-title":"Melatonin treatment improves blood pressure, lipid profile, and parameters of oxidative stress in patients with metabolic syndrome","volume":"50","author":"Kozirog","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Pineal Res."},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.4103\/2277-9175.204593","article-title":"The effects of melatonin in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"6","author":"Pakravan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Adv Biomed Res"},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"899","DOI":"10.1007\/s10787-018-0508-7","article-title":"The effects of melatonin supplementation on inflammatory markers among patients with metabolic syndrome or related disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"26","author":"Akbari","year":"2018","journal-title":"Inflammopharmacology."},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0034-1384587","article-title":"A double-blind, placebo-controlled trial related to the effects of melatonin on oxidative stress and inflammatory parameters of obese women","volume":"47","author":"Mesri","year":"2015","journal-title":"Horm Metab Res."},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2017.00117","article-title":"The distribution of stroma and antral follicles differs between insulin-resistance and hyperandrogenism-related polycystic ovarian syndrome","volume":"8","author":"Alviggi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol."},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpag.2014.01.104","article-title":"Evaluation of the pro-inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-alpha in adolescents with polycystic ovary syndrome","volume":"27","author":"Pawelczak","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol."},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2015.10.014","article-title":"The effect of FT500 Plus((R)) on ovarian stimulation in PCOS women","volume":"59","author":"Alviggi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Reprod Toxicol."},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1111\/jpi.12308","article-title":"Melatonin inhibits MMP-9 transactivation and renal cell carcinoma metastasis by suppressing Akt-MAPKs pathway and NF-kappaB DNA-binding activity","volume":"60","author":"Lin","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Pineal Res."},{"key":"B54","first-page":"1063","article-title":"The neurohormone melatonin inhibits cytokine, mitogen and ionizing radiation induced NF-kappa B","volume":"37","author":"Mohan","year":"1995","journal-title":"Biochem Mol Biol Int."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Endocrinology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/article\/10.3389\/fendo.2019.00273\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,14]],"date-time":"2019-05-14T00:56:35Z","timestamp":1557795395000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/article\/10.3389\/fendo.2019.00273\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,14]]},"references-count":54,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fendo.2019.00273"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fendo.2019.00273","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-2392"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-2392","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,14]]},"article-number":"273"}}