{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T16:15:24Z","timestamp":1787501724014,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":134,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,10]],"date-time":"2020-03-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1583798400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Endocrinol."],"DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2020.00107","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,10]],"date-time":"2020-03-10T00:17:01Z","timestamp":1583799421000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Evolutionary Strategies for Body Size"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Michael A.","family":"Little","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","first-page":"455","article-title":"Patterns of Human Growth, 2nd ed","author":"Bogin","year":"1999"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-383882-7.00015-5","article-title":"Comparativeevolutionary perspectives on human brain growth","volume-title":"Human Growth and Development","author":"Leonard","year":"2012"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-383882-7.00011-8","article-title":"The evolution of human growth","volume-title":"Human Growth and Development","author":"Bogin","year":"2012"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"570","DOI":"10.1126\/science.5.119.570","article-title":"The growth of children","volume":"5","author":"Boas","year":"1897","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13010","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1323099111","article-title":"Metabolic costs and evolutionary implications of human brain development","volume":"111","author":"Kuzawa","year":"2014","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1001865","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001865","article-title":"Assessing the causal relationship of maternal height on birth size and gestational age at birth: a Mendelian randomized analysis","volume":"12","author":"Zhang","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"828","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.82.6.828","article-title":"Birth weight and childhood growth","volume":"82","author":"Binkin","year":"1988","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"726","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a009881","article-title":"Birth weight and length as predictors for adult height","volume":"149","author":"S\u00f8rensen","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ede.0000152524.89074.bf","article-title":"Size at birth and gestational age as predictors of adult height and weight","volume":"16","author":"Eide","year":"2005","journal-title":"Epidemiology"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1111\/cen.12156","article-title":"Birth order progressively affects childhood height","volume":"79","author":"Savage","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin Endocr"},{"key":"B11","first-page":"217","article-title":"Body weight at birth of viable human infants: a worldwide comparative treatise","volume":"42","author":"Meredith","year":"1970","journal-title":"Hum Biol"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1080\/03014467600001231","article-title":"The adolescent growth spurt of boys and girls of the Harpenden study","volume":"3","author":"Tanner","year":"1976","journal-title":"Ann Hum Biol"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1002\/ajhb.1310060213","article-title":"On the independence of adult stature from the timing of the adolescent growth spurt","volume":"6","author":"Bielicki","year":"1994","journal-title":"Am J Hum Biol"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1159\/000091503","article-title":"Hormonal regulation of fetal growth","volume":"65","author":"Gicquel","year":"2006","journal-title":"Horm Res Paediatr."},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2005-0011","article-title":"Endocrine regulation of human fetal growth: the role of the mother, placenta, and fetus","volume":"27","author":"Murphy","year":"2006","journal-title":"Endocr Rev"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-383882-7.00006-4","article-title":"Nutritiongrowth","volume-title":"Human Growth and Development","author":"Norgan","year":"2012"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-383882-7.00005-2","article-title":"Endocrine control of growth","volume-title":"Human Growth and Development","author":"Rosenfeld","year":"2012"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1002\/9781118584538.ieba0256","article-title":"Growth curve, human","volume-title":"The International Encyclopedia of Biological Anthropology","author":"Little","year":"2018"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.21440","article-title":"The big and small of it: how body size evolves","volume":"53","author":"Bernstein","year":"2010","journal-title":"Yrbk Phys Anthropol"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1086\/393620","article-title":"The evolution of body size: what keeps organisms small?","volume":"75","author":"Blanckenhorn","year":"2000","journal-title":"Quart Rev Biol"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tree.2011.03.005","article-title":"Declining body size: a third universal response to warming?","volume":"26","author":"Gardner","year":"2011","journal-title":"Trends Ecol Evol."},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1038\/nrg2831","article-title":"Measuring selection in contemporary human populations","volume":"11","author":"Stearns","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat Rev Genet"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1707227114","article-title":"Evidence of directional and stabilizing selection in contemporary humans","volume":"115","author":"Sanjak","year":"2018","journal-title":"Proc Nat Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.anthro.31.040402.085407","article-title":"Variation in human body size and shape","volume":"31","author":"Ruff","year":"2002","journal-title":"Ann Rev Anthropol"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-019-1067-9","article-title":"A new species of Homo from the late pleistocene of the Philippines","volume":"568","author":"D\u00e9troit","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S269","DOI":"10.1086\/667693","article-title":"Human biology and the origins of Homo","volume":"53","author":"Aiello","year":"2012","journal-title":"Curr Anthropol."},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S369","DOI":"10.1086\/667410","article-title":"Plasticity in human life history strategy: implications for contemporary human variation and the evolution of genus Homo","volume":"53","author":"Kuzawa","year":"2012","journal-title":"Curr Anthropol"},{"key":"B28","first-page":"356","volume-title":"Human Adaptability: A History and Compendium of Research","author":"Collins","year":"1977"},{"key":"B29","first-page":"497","volume-title":"Worldwide Variation in Human Growth","author":"Eveleth","year":"1976"},{"key":"B30","first-page":"397","volume-title":"Worldwide Variation in Human Growth","author":"Eveleth","year":"1990"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e13410","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.13410","article-title":"A century of trends in adult human height: NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC)","volume":"5","author":"Bentham","year":"2016","journal-title":"Elife."},{"key":"B32","unstructured":"Human Height Our World in Data RoserM AppelC RitchieH 2019"},{"key":"B33","first-page":"81","article-title":"Anthropometric data","volume-title":"African Pygmies","author":"Cavalli-Sforza","year":"1986"},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.1330780406","article-title":"Nutritional status of Efe pygmies and Lese horticulturalists","volume":"78","author":"Dietz","year":"1989","journal-title":"Am J Phys Anthropol"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.1330260122","article-title":"Age changes and secular changes in anthropometric measurements","volume":"26","author":"Boas","year":"1940","journal-title":"Am J Phys Anthropol"},{"key":"B36","first-page":"499","volume-title":"A History of the Study of Human Growth","author":"Tanner","year":"1981"},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1038\/pr.2012.189","article-title":"The world's tallest nation has stopped growing taller: the height of Dutch children from 1955 to 2009","volume":"73","author":"Sch\u00f6nbeck","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pediatr Res"},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"161054","DOI":"10.1098\/rsos.161054","article-title":"The mountains of giants: an anthropometric survey of male youths in Bosnia and Herzegovina","volume":"4","author":"Grasgruber","year":"2019","journal-title":"R Soc Open Sci"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e6598","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.6598","article-title":"A coast of giants: an anthropometric survey of high schoolers on the Adriatic coast of Croatia","volume":"7","author":"Grasgruber","year":"2019","journal-title":"PeerJ"},{"key":"B40","first-page":"581","volume-title":"Ach\u00e9 Life History: The Ecology and Demography of a Foraging People","author":"Hill","year":"1996"},{"key":"B41","unstructured":"Why Are Pygmies Small? MiglianoAB University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom2005"},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1002\/ajhb.1310010111","article-title":"Population decline in a Philippine Negrito hunter-gatherer society","volume":"1","author":"Headland","year":"1989","journal-title":"Am J Hum Biol"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1525\/9780520912755","volume-title":"On the Road to Tribal Extinction","author":"Eder","year":"1987"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1002\/ajhb.1310010608","article-title":"Dietary change and adolescent growth among the bundi (Gende-speaking) people of papua New Guinea","volume":"1","author":"Zemel","year":"1989","journal-title":"Am J Hum Biol"},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00888379","article-title":"Early dry season subsistence ecology of the cuiva foragers of venezuela","volume":"15","author":"Hurtado","year":"1987","journal-title":"Hum Ecol"},{"key":"B46","first-page":"200","volume-title":"The San, Hunter-Gatherers of the Kalahari","author":"Tanaka","year":"1980"},{"key":"B47","first-page":"526","volume-title":"The !Kung San: Men, Women and Work in a Foraging Society","author":"Lee","year":"1979"},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1086\/605429","article-title":"Stature, mortality, and life history among indigenous populations of the Andaman Islands, 1871-1986","volume":"50","author":"Stock","year":"2009","journal-title":"Curr Anthropol."},{"key":"B49","first-page":"88","article-title":"Efe pygmies of northeast za\u00efre: subsistence strategies in the ituri forest","volume-title":"Coping With Uncertainty in Food Supply.","author":"Bailey","year":"1988"},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1080\/03670244.1984.9990806","article-title":"Seasonal hunger as experienced by the Oto and Twa of a Ntomba village in the equatorial forest (Lake Tumba, Za\u00efre)","volume":"15","author":"Pagezy","year":"1984","journal-title":"Ecol Food Nutr"},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1080\/03670244.1982.9990709","article-title":"Seasonal hunger as experienced by the oto and twa women of a ntomba village in the equatorial forest (Lake Tumba, Za\u00efre)","volume":"12","author":"Pagezy","year":"1982","journal-title":"Ecol Food Nutr"},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1002\/ajhb.20510","article-title":"Growth rates and life histories in twenty-two small-scale societies","volume":"18","author":"Walker","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Hum Biol"},{"key":"B53","first-page":"479","article-title":"Designs for human biology research of savanna pastoralists","volume-title":"Human Ecology in Savanna Environments","author":"Little","year":"1980"},{"key":"B54","first-page":"811","article-title":"Cross-sectional growth of nomadic Turkana pastoralists","volume":"55","author":"Little","year":"1983","journal-title":"Hum Biol"},{"key":"B55","first-page":"1","article-title":"Anthropometric reference data for children and adults: United States, 2007-2010","volume":"11","author":"Fryar","year":"2012","journal-title":"Vital Health Stat."},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1097\/00003081-200606000-00009","article-title":"Adult consequences of fetal growth restriction","volume":"49","author":"Barker","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"364381","DOI":"10.1155\/2011\/364381","article-title":"Consequences in infants that were intrauterine growth restricted","volume":"2011","author":"Cosmi","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Pregnancy"},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1079\/BJN19770047","article-title":"A quantitative study into the role of infection in determining nutritional status in Gambian village children","volume":"37","author":"Rowland","year":"1977","journal-title":"Brit J Nutr"},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5345","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/129.2.534S","article-title":"Burden of infection on growth failure","volume":"129","author":"Stephensen","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1159\/000448938","article-title":"Patterns of growth in early childhood and infectious diseases and nutritional determinants","volume":"87","author":"Black","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nestle Nutr Inst Workshop Ser"},{"key":"B61","first-page":"81","article-title":"Interrelationships between diet, infectious disease, and nutritional status","volume-title":"Social and Biological Predictors of Nutritional Status, Physical Growth and Neurological Development.","author":"Martorell","year":"1980"},{"key":"B62","first-page":"1","article-title":"Reflections on stunting","volume-title":"Access Not Excess.","author":"Waterlow","year":"2011"},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1596\/1813-9450-6351","volume-title":"How Much International Variation in Child Height Can Sanitation Explain? Policy Research Working Paper 6351","author":"Spears","year":"2013"},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2016.01.005","article-title":"Major correlates of male height: a study of 105 countries","volume":"21","author":"Grasgruber","year":"2016","journal-title":"Econ Hum Biol"},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1038\/ng1946","article-title":"Convergent adaptation of human lactose persistence in Africa and Europe","volume":"39","author":"Tishkoff","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"B66","first-page":"116","article-title":"Cow's milk consumption and health: an evolutionary perspective","volume-title":"Evolutionary Medicine and Health: New Perspectives.","author":"Wiley","year":"2008"},{"key":"B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1002\/ajhb.22201","article-title":"Cow milk consumption, insulin-like growth factor 1, and human biology: a life history approach","volume":"24","author":"Wiley","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Hum Biol"},{"key":"B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1002\/ajhb.1310040206","article-title":"Nutritional ecology of pastoralists in dry tropical Africa","volume":"4","author":"Galvin","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am J Hum Biol"},{"key":"B69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.2307\/j.ctt1x76dvt.12","article-title":"Milk consumption in African pastoral peoples","volume-title":"Drinking: Anthropological Approaches.","author":"Little","year":"2001"},{"key":"B70","first-page":"437","article-title":"The ecology of weaning among nomadic pastoralists of Kenya: maternal thinking, maternal behavior, and human adaptive strategies","volume":"68","author":"Gray","year":"1996","journal-title":"Hum Biol"},{"key":"B71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1093\/oso\/9780198549215.003.0010","article-title":"Infant, child, adolescent growth,adult physical status","volume-title":"Turkana Herders of the Dr Savanna: Ecology and Biobehavioral Response of Nomads to an Uncertain Environment.","author":"Little","year":"1999"},{"key":"B72","first-page":"161","article-title":"Geographical and social mobility","volume-title":"Migration and Mobility.","author":"Mascie-Taylor","year":"1984"},{"key":"B73","first-page":"325","volume-title":"Growth at Adolescence.","author":"Tanner","year":"1962"},{"key":"B74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/03014468900000102","article-title":"Effects of social class differences and social mobility on growth in height, weight and body mass index in a British cohort","volume":"16","author":"Lasker","year":"1989","journal-title":"Ann Hum Biol"},{"key":"B75","first-page":"573","volume-title":"Changes in the Bodily Form of Descendants of Immigrants","author":"Boas","year":"1912"},{"key":"B76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1002\/ajhb.20046","article-title":"History of migration studies in biological anthropology","volume":"16","author":"Mascie-Taylor","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Hum Biol"},{"key":"B77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"522","DOI":"10.1126\/science.84.2189.522","article-title":"Effects of American environment on Americans and their descendants","volume":"84","author":"Boas","year":"1936","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"B78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1382","DOI":"10.1002\/9781118584538.ieba0437","article-title":"Secular trends","volume-title":"The International Encyclopedia of Biological Anthropology","author":"Cameron","year":"2018"},{"key":"B79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e20170085","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2017-0085","article-title":"Secular trend of age at menarche in Chinese adolescents born from 1973 to 2004","volume":"140","author":"Meng","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pediatr."},{"key":"B80","first-page":"87","article-title":"Age of boys' puberty in Leipzig, 1727-1749, as indicated by voice breaking in J.S. Bach's choir members","volume":"42","author":"Daw","year":"1970","journal-title":"Hum Biol"},{"key":"B81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511983245","volume-title":"Height, Health, and History: Nutritional Status in the United Kingdom, 1750-1980","author":"Floud","year":"1990"},{"key":"B82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1093\/nutrit\/nuv105","article-title":"\u00d6zaltin E. Adult height, nutrition, and population health","volume":"74","author":"Perkins","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nutr Rev"},{"key":"B83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1007\/s00439-011-0969-x","article-title":"Recent progress in the study of the genetics of height","volume":"129","author":"Lettre","year":"2011","journal-title":"Hum Genetics"},{"key":"B84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"832","DOI":"10.1038\/nature09410","article-title":"Hundreds of variants clustered in genomic loci and biological pathways affect human height","volume":"467","author":"Lango Allen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3641","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddy271","article-title":"Meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies for height and body mass index in ~700,000 individuals of European ancestry","volume":"27","author":"Yengo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Hum Mol.Genet."},{"key":"B86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajhg.2015.02.018","article-title":"Genome-wide analysis of body proportion classifies height-associated variants by mechanism of action and implicates genes important for skeletal development","volume":"96","author":"Chan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"B87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"760","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aag0776","article-title":"Detection of human adaptation during the past 2000 years","volume":"354","author":"Field","year":"2016","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"B88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1015","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.2368","article-title":"Evidence of widespread selection on standing variation in Europe at height-associated SNPs","volume":"44","author":"Turchin","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"B89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1407","DOI":"10.1007\/s00439-017-1842-3","article-title":"Genome-wide compound heterozygote analysis highlights alleles associated with height in Europeans","volume":"136","author":"Zhong","year":"2017","journal-title":"Hum Genet"},{"key":"B90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21484","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1910606116","article-title":"Genetic contributions to variation in human stature in prehistoric Europe","volume":"116","author":"Cox","year":"2019","journal-title":"Proc Nat Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"B91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1002\/evan.1360020303","article-title":"Life history theory and evolutionary anthropology","volume":"2","author":"Hill","year":"1993","journal-title":"Evol Anthropol"},{"key":"B92","first-page":"47","article-title":"Life history theoryhuman development","volume-title":"Foundations of Evolutionary Psychology.","author":"Stearns","year":"2008"},{"key":"B93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S383","DOI":"10.1086\/667521","article-title":"Conditions for evolution of small body size in southern Africa","volume":"53","author":"Pfeiffer","year":"2012","journal-title":"Curr Anthropol"},{"key":"B94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1016\/j.evolhumbehav.2012.03.001","article-title":"Short stature in African pygmies is not explained by sexual selecton","volume":"33","author":"Becker","year":"2012","journal-title":"Evol Hum Behav"},{"key":"B95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"729","DOI":"10.1002\/ajhb.1310040604","article-title":"Energy reserves and parity of nomadic and settled turkana women","volume":"4","author":"Little","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am J Hum Biol"},{"key":"B96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1093\/oso\/9780198549215.003.0009","article-title":"Infant care and feeding","volume-title":"Turkana Herders of the Dry Savanna: Ecology and Biobehavioral Response of Nomads to an Uncertain Environment.","author":"Gray","year":"1999"},{"key":"B97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.3961\/jpmph.16.087","article-title":"AR. Distribution and determinants of low birth weight in developing countries","volume":"50","author":"Mahumud","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Prev Med Pub Health."},{"key":"B98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1057","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arcped.2009.03.014","article-title":"Heat exchanges and thermoregulation in the neonate (in French)","volume":"16","author":"Tourneux","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arch P\u00e9diatr"},{"key":"B99","first-page":"143","article-title":"The behavioral ecology of efe pygmy men in the ituri forest, zaire","author":"Bailey","year":"1991"},{"key":"B100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.21512","article-title":"Indirect evidence for the genetic determination of short stature in African Pygmies","volume":"145","author":"Becker","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Phys Anthropol"},{"key":"B101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tree.2008.11.008","article-title":"Evolution of the human pygmy phenotype","volume":"24","author":"Perry","year":"2009","journal-title":"Trends Ecol Evol"},{"key":"B102","first-page":"439","article-title":"Heat tolerance of bantu and pygmoid groups of the za\u00efre River basin","volume":"48","author":"Austin","year":"1976","journal-title":"Hum Biol"},{"key":"B103","first-page":"153","article-title":"Body size and heat tolerance: a computer simulation","volume":"58","author":"Austin","year":"1986","journal-title":"Hum Biol"},{"key":"B104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20120989","DOI":"10.1098\/rsbl.2012.0989","article-title":"Unraveling the determinants of insular body size shifts","volume":"9","author":"McClain","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biol Lett."},{"key":"B105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1525\/aa.1989.91.1.02a00040","volume":"91","author":"Bailey","year":"1989","journal-title":"Am Anthropol."},{"key":"B106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00888746","article-title":"Wild yams revisited: is independence from agriculture possible for rain forest hunter-gatherers?","volume":"19","author":"Bahuchet","year":"1991","journal-title":"Hum Ecol"},{"key":"B107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1038\/354111a0","article-title":"Why are Pygmies small?","volume":"354","author":"Diamond","year":"1991","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B108","first-page":"167","article-title":"Growth hormone and insulin-like growth factors in the Western Pygmy","volume-title":"African Pygmies.","author":"Merimee","year":"1986"},{"key":"B109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymgme.2009.05.009","article-title":"The shortness of pygmies is associated with severe under-expression of the growth hormone receptor","volume":"98","author":"Bozzola","year":"2009","journal-title":"Mol Genet Metab"},{"key":"B110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.1038\/ejhg.2012.223","article-title":"The role of GHR and IGF1 genes in the genetic determination of African Pygmies' short stature","volume":"21","author":"Becker","year":"2013","journal-title":"Euro J Hum Genet"},{"key":"B111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.3378\/027.085.0312","article-title":"Mount Pinatubo, inflammatory cytokines, and the immunological ecology of Aeta hunter-gatherers","volume":"85","author":"Bernstein","year":"2013","journal-title":"Hum Biol."},{"key":"B112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7672","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms8672","article-title":"Growth pattern from birth to adulthood in African Pygmies of known age","volume":"6","author":"Ramirez Rozzi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat Comm"},{"key":"B113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1080\/03014469100001452","article-title":"The comparative growth of Efe Pygmies and African farmers from birth to age 5 years","volume":"18","author":"Bailey","year":"1991","journal-title":"Ann Hum Biol."},{"key":"B114","first-page":"95","article-title":"Growth of Aka Pygmies Bagandus of the Central African Republic","volume-title":"African Pygmies.","author":"van de Koppel","year":"1986"},{"key":"B115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E11256","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1812135115","article-title":"Polygenic adaptation and convergent evolution on growth and cardiac pathways in African and Asian rainforest hunter-gatherers","volume":"115","author":"Bergey","year":"2018","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"B116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E3596","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1402875111","article-title":"Adaptive, convergent origins of the pygmy phenotype in African rainforest hunter-gatherers","volume":"111","author":"Perry","year":"2018","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"B117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20216","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0708024105","article-title":"Life history trade-offs explain the evolution of human Pygmies","volume":"104","author":"Migliano","year":"2007","journal-title":"Proc Nat Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"B118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1086\/524763","article-title":"Life-history consequences of density dependence and the evolution of human body size","volume":"49","author":"Walker","year":"2008","journal-title":"Curr Anthropol"},{"key":"B119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S359","DOI":"10.1086\/667694","article-title":"The effects of mortality, subsistence, and ecology on human adult height and implications for homo evolution","volume":"53","author":"Migliano","year":"2012","journal-title":"Curr Anthropol"},{"key":"B120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.3378\/027.082.0101","article-title":"Can life history trade-offs explain the short stature in human Pgymies? A response to Migliano","volume":"82","author":"Becker","year":"2010","journal-title":"Hum Biol"},{"key":"B121","first-page":"705","article-title":"Biological, behavioralecological influences on fertility in Turkana","volume-title":"Arid Lands Today and Tomorrow: Proceedings of an International Research and Development Conference.","author":"Leslie","year":"1988"},{"key":"B122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1093\/oso\/9780198549215.003.0013","article-title":"Fecundityfertility","volume-title":"Turkana Herders of the Dry Savanna: Ecology and Biobehavioral Response of Nomads to an Uncertain Environment.","author":"Leslie","year":"1999"},{"key":"B123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1093\/oso\/9780198549215.003.0014","article-title":"Population replacement, and persistence","volume-title":"Turkana Herders of the Dry Savanna: Ecology and Biobehavioral Response of Nomads to an Uncertain Environment.","author":"Leslie","year":"1999"},{"key":"B124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E6126","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1719637115","article-title":"Reproduction in the Baka pygmies and drop in their fertility with the arrival of alcohol","volume":"115","author":"Ramirez Rozzi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"B125","first-page":"595","article-title":"\u00dcber die Verh\u00e4ltnisse der W\u00e4rme\u00f6konomie der Thiere zu ihrer Gr\u00f6sse","volume":"3","author":"Bergmann","year":"1847","journal-title":"G\u00f6tten Stud."},{"key":"B126","first-page":"123","volume-title":"Climate and Human Variability","author":"Roberts","year":"1978"},{"key":"B127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-8644(199808)106:4<483::AID-AJPA4>3.0.CO;2-K","article-title":"Climatic influences on human body size and proportions: ecological adaptation and secular trends","volume":"106","author":"Katzmarzyk","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Phys Anthropol"},{"key":"B128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.1330110404","article-title":"Body weight, race, and climate","volume":"4","author":"Roberts","year":"1953","journal-title":"Am J Phys Anthropol"},{"key":"B129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/0047-2484(91)90001-C","article-title":"Climate and body shape in hominid evolution","volume":"21","author":"Ruff","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Hum Evol."},{"key":"B130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.1330370605","article-title":"Morphological adaptation to climate in modern and fossil hominids","volume":"37","author":"Ruff","year":"1994","journal-title":"Yrbk Phys Anthropol"},{"key":"B131","first-page":"108","article-title":"The influence of physical conditions on the genesis of species","volume":"1","author":"Allen","year":"1877","journal-title":"Rad Rev"},{"key":"B132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2223","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2010.2145","article-title":"Why do men seek status? Fitness payoffs to dominance and prestige","volume":"278","author":"von Rueden","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proc Roy Soc B"},{"key":"B133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1016\/S1090-5138(02)00096-X","article-title":"Hunting, healing, and hxaro exchange: a long-term perspective on !Kung (Ju\/'hoansi) large-game hunting","volume":"23","author":"Weissner","year":"2002","journal-title":"Evol Hum Behav."},{"key":"B134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.anthro.28.1.397","article-title":"Life history traits in humans: theory and empirical studies","volume":"28","author":"Hill","year":"1999","journal-title":"Ann Rev Anthropol"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Endocrinology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/article\/10.3389\/fendo.2020.00107\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,1]],"date-time":"2024-08-01T18:04:11Z","timestamp":1722535451000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/article\/10.3389\/fendo.2020.00107\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,10]]},"references-count":134,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fendo.2020.00107"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fendo.2020.00107","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-2392"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-2392","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,10]]},"article-number":"107"}}