{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T13:39:44Z","timestamp":1791380384596,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,17]],"date-time":"2021-05-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1621209600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Endocrinol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To investigate the factors that influence luteal phase short-acting gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRH-a) long protocol and GnRH-antagonist (GnRH-ant) protocol on pregnancy outcome and quantify the influence. About the statistical analysis, it is not correct for the number of gravidities.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Infertile patients (n = 4,631) with fresh <jats:italic>in<\/jats:italic>-<jats:italic>vitro<\/jats:italic> fertilization\/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF\/ICSI) and embryo transfer were divided into GnRH-a long protocol (n =3,104) and GnRH-ant (n =1,527) protocol groups and subgroups G1 (EMT \u22647mm), G2 (7\u00a0mm &amp;lt;EMT \u226410 mm), and G3 (EMT &amp;gt;10\u00a0mm) according to EMT on the trigger day. The data were analyzed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The GnRH-ant and the GnRH-a long protocols had comparable clinical outcomes in the clinical pregnancy, live birth, and miscarriage rate after propensity score matching. In the medium endometrial thickness of 7\u201310 mm, the clinical pregnancy rate (61.81 <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic> 55.58%, P &amp;lt; 0.05) and miscarriage rate (19.43 <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic> 12.83%, P &amp;lt; 0.05) of the GnRH-ant regime were significantly higher than those of the GnRH-a regime. The EMT threshold for clinical pregnancy rate in the GnRH-ant group was 12\u00a0mm, with the maximal clinical pregnancy rate of less than 75% and the maximal live birth rate of 70%. In the GnRH-a long protocol, the optimal range of EMT was &amp;gt;10\u00a0mm for the clinical pregnancy rate and &amp;gt;9.5\u00a0mm for the live birth rate for favorable clinical outcomes, and the clinical pregnancy and live birth rates increased linearly with increase of EMT. In the GnRH-ant protocol, the EMT thresholds were 9\u20136 mm for the clinical pregnancy rate and 9.5\u201315.5 mm for the live birth rate.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The GnRH-ant protocol has better clinical pregnancy outcomes when the endometrial thickness is in the medium thickness range of 7\u201310 mm. The optimal threshold interval for better clinical pregnancy outcomes of the GnRH-ant protocol is significantly narrower than that of the GnRH-a protocol. When the endometrial thickness exceeds 12\u00a0mm, the clinical pregnancy rate and live birth rate of the GnRH-ant protocol show a significant downward trend, probably indicating some negative effects of GnRH-ant on the endometrial receptivity to cause a decrease of the clinical pregnancy rate and live birth rate if the endometrial thickness exceeds 12\u00a0mm.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2021.578783","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,17]],"date-time":"2021-05-17T06:22:43Z","timestamp":1621232563000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Effect of Endometrium Thickness on Clinical Outcomes in Luteal Phase Short-Acting GnRH-a Long Protocol and GnRH-Ant Protocol"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Jie","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi-Fei","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yue-Ming","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bao-jun","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhuo-Ye","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhi-Ming","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gui-Min","family":"Hao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bu-Lang","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3892\/br.2018.1176","article-title":"Influence of Gnrh Antagonist in Reproductive Women on In Vitro Fertilization and Embryo Transfer in Fresh Cycles","volume":"10","author":"Xu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biomed Rep"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/17.4.874","article-title":"Gnrh Antagonist in Assisted Reproduction: A Cochrane Review","volume":"17","author":"Al-Inany","year":"2002","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmx017","article-title":"Gnrh Antagonist Versus Long Agonist Protocols in Ivf: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Accounting for Patient Type","volume":"23","author":"Lambalk","year":"2017","journal-title":"Hum Reprod Update"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/S1472-6483(10)60426-9","article-title":"\u00c7iray N. 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