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Endocrinol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To evaluate the safety and efficacy of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for metastatic lymph nodes (LNs) in children and adolescents with papillary Thyroid Carcinoma (PTC).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>From December 2014 to March 2018, 10 metastatic LNs(mean volume 0.30 \u00b1 0.38 ml, range 0.06-1.23ml) in 5 children and adolescents (3 females, 2 males; mean age 15.60 \u00b1 2.97 years, range 12-19 years) with PTC treated by RFA were evaluated in this study. The mean number of surgical procedures performed before RFA was 1.2 (range 1-2) and the mean number of treated metastatic LNs per patient was 2 (rang 1-3). RFA was performed with an 18\u2013gauge bipolar RF applicator under local anesthesia. Follow-up consisted of US and serum thyroglobulin (Tg) level at 1, 3, 6, 12 months and every 12 months thereafter.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>All the patients were well tolerant to RFA procedure and no procedure-related complications occurred. During a mean follow-up time of 52.00 \u00b1 21.44 months, the initial volume of LNs was 0.30 \u00b1 0.38 ml, which significantly decreased to 0.01 \u00b1 0.03 ml (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.005) with a mean VRR of 99.28 \u00b1 2.27%. A total of 9 metastatic LNs (90.00%) completely disappeared. After RFA, 2 patients developed newly metastases. One patient had additional RFA. The other one with multiple LN metastases underwent total thyroidectomy with central neck dissection.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>As a less invasive and effective technique, RFA may provide another alternative to the existing therapeutic modalities for cervical metastatic LNs in children and adolescents with PTC.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2021.624054","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,18]],"date-time":"2021-05-18T04:34:53Z","timestamp":1621312493000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Radiofrequency Ablation for Cervical Metastatic Lymph Nodes in Children and Adolescents With Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma: A Preliminary 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