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Endocrinol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Helicobacter pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                    (\n                    <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) is a gram-negative bacterium that infects approximately 4.4 billion individuals worldwide. Although the majority of infected individuals remain asymptomatic, this bacterium colonizes the gastric mucosa causing the development of various clinical conditions as peptic ulcers, chronic gastritis and gastric adenocarcinomas and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphomas, but complications are not limited to gastric ones. Extradigestive pathologies, including metabolic disturbances such as diabetes, obesity and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, have also been associated with\n                    <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection. However, the underlying mechanisms connecting\n                    <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                    with extragastric metabolic diseases needs to be clarified. Notably, the latest studies on the topic have confirmed that\n                    <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection modulates gut microbiota in humans. Damage in the gut bacterial community (dysbiosis) has been widely related to metabolic dysregulation by affecting adiposity, host energy balance, carbohydrate metabolism, and hormonal modulation, among others. Taking into account that Type 2 diabetic patients are more prone to be\n                    <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                    positive, gut microbiota emerges as putative key factor responsible for this interaction. In this regard, the therapy of choice for\n                    <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                    eradication, based on proton pump inhibitor combined with two or more antibiotics, also alters gut microbiota composition, but consequences on metabolic health of the patients has been scarcely explored. Recent studies from our group showed that, despite decreasing gut bacterial diversity, conventional\n                    <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                    eradication therapy is related to positive changes in glucose and lipid profiles. The mechanistic insights explaining these effects should also be addressed in future research. This review will deal with the role of gut microbiota as the linking factor between\n                    <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection and metabolic diseases, and discussed the impact that gut bacterial modulation by\n                    <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                    eradication treatment can also have in host\u2019s metabolism. For this purpose, new evidence from the latest human studies published in more recent years will be analyzed.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2021.639856","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,17]],"date-time":"2021-06-17T05:23:45Z","timestamp":1623907425000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":77,"title":["Gut Microbiota: The Missing Link Between Helicobacter pylori Infection and Metabolic Disorders?"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Gracia M.","family":"Martin-Nu\u00f1ez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabel","family":"Cornejo-Pareja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mercedes","family":"Clemente-Postigo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francisco J.","family":"Tinahones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00054-05","article-title":"Pathogenesis of Helicobacter Pylori Infection","volume":"19","author":"Kusters","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2017.04.022","article-title":"Global Prevalence of Helicobacter Pylori Infection: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","volume":"153","author":"Hooi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/315384","article-title":"Seroprevalence and Ethnic Differences in Helicobacter Pylori Infection Among Adults in the United States","volume":"181","author":"Everhart","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v25.i37.5578","article-title":"Pathogenesis and Clinical Management of Helicobacter Pylori Gastric Infection","volume":"25","author":"De Brito","year":"2019","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1186\/s12929-018-0469-6","article-title":"Pylori Infection and Extra-Gastroduodenal Diseases","volume":"25","author":"Tsay","year":"2018","journal-title":"J\u00a0BioMed Sci"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/hel.12741","article-title":"Review: Extragastric Diseases and Helicobacter Pylori","volume":"25","author":"Pellicano","year":"2020","journal-title":"Helicobacter"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v24.i28.3071","article-title":"Helicobacter Pylori in Human Health and Disease: Mechanisms for Local Gastric and Systemic Effects","volume":"24","author":"Bravo","year":"2018","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v20.i18.5226","article-title":"Metabolic Consequences of Helicobacter Pylori Infection and Eradication","volume":"20","author":"Buz\u00e1s","year":"2014","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"899","DOI":"10.1080\/17474124.2018.1503946","article-title":"Considering Gut Microbiota Disturbance in the Management of Helicobacter Pylori Infection","volume":"12","author":"Lopetuso","year":"2018","journal-title":"Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0213548","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0213548","article-title":"Pylori Eradication With Antibiotic Treatment Causes Changes in Glucose Homeostasis Related to Modifications in the Gut Microbiota","volume":"14","author":"Mart\u00edn-N\u00fa\u00f1ez","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12874","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-49415-310.1038\/s41598-019-49415-3","article-title":"Effects of Anti-H. 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